山东方言与吴闽语关系的词汇证据

＂趁（赚钱;拥有）＂、＂？兪（用石块等击打）＂、＂横去声（扔掉）＂、＂鈙（提;拉扯）＂、＂愒（躺;斜靠）＂和＂（闭门）＂是山东方言的特征词汇。这些词在南方方言里仅散布于吴语和闽语中,在粤语、客赣语、湘语和徽语里踪迹难觅。究其缘由,两晋青徐移民从中原东部出发南下先聚集在建康及其周围地区,后来这些移民的后裔又经由浙南进入了福建。这些词语即是由青徐移民辗转挟带下来的,它们在吴闽语里的分布范围跟移民迁移的路线基本吻合。本文的结论可以跟学者们研究西晋青徐方音特征在吴闽语里的表现得出的结论相互印证。     

关于细胞生物学专题课程教学改革的若干思考

细胞生物学专题课程可以进一步深化学生对细胞生物学知识的理解和应用,如何能有效提高细胞生物学专题课程的教学效果,本文从我校细胞生物学专题课程实际出发,通过对教学内容的筛选、教学模式的改进和优化以及考核方式的改革等方面的分析讨论,为进一步深化细胞生物学专题课程教学改革提供了新思路,新方法。     

民族地区移民扶贫存在的问题及原因

在国家重点扶持的331个贫困县中,少数民族贫困县有141个,占42.6%,这些地区大多地处各省、区的边缘,距中心城市遥远,信息闭塞,鉴于这种现实,长期救济扶贫已不能解决这些地区的贫困问题,只有转向更为有效和经济的方法。移民扶贫在其实施的历史和现实中证明,这种措施就是明智的选择。文章则从移民扶贫存在的问题出发,对其原因进行探讨,并提出了一些对策建议。     

Structural changes of oviduct of freshwater shrimp, Macrobrachium nipponense （Decapoda, Palaemonidae）, during spawning

The structural change of the oviduct of freshwater shrimp （Macrobrachium nipponense） during spawning was examined by electron microscopy. The oviduct wall structural characteristics seem to be influenced significantly by the spawning process. Before the parturition and ovulation, two types of epithelial cells （types Ⅰ and Ⅱ） are found in the epithelium. The free surfaces of type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ cells have very dense long microvilli. Under the type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ cells, are a relatively thick layer of secreting material and a layer of mostly dead cells. After ovulation, two other types of epithelial cells （types Ⅲ and Ⅳ） are found in the oviduct wall epithelium. The free surface of type Ⅲ cells only has short microvilli scattered on the surface. The thick layer with secreting material and the dead cell layer disappeared at this stage. In some type Ⅲ cells, the leaking out of cytoplasm from broken cell membrane led to the death of these type Ⅲ cells. The transformation of all four types of epithelial cells was in the order： Ⅳ→Ⅰ→Ⅱ→Ⅲ.     

The returns to UK degrees for foreign‐educated graduates

Exploiting information on foreign qualifications for the first time, we estimate the returns to obtaining UK higher degrees for foreign graduates who migrated to the UK in their 20s. Accounting for direct measures of foreign and UK qualifications and country‐of‐origin fixed effects, we find substantial returns to obtaining UK (higher) degrees on hourly wages and occupational attainment for both genders, working mainly through occupational attainment. However, there is strong evidence that the effect of the high returns is driven by immigrants from countries where English is not a dominant language. Moreover, returns to UK (higher) degrees are more pronounced for graduates from low‐HDI/GDP countries, suggesting an important role for the incompatibility of education and skills between home and destination countries. We further examine the robustness of our results by using a partial identification method, and our findings suggest that the extent of selection on unobservables required to eliminate a positive treatment effect is too large to be plausible, especially for men. Our study extends previous research with the first evidence from the UK, by showing large positive effects of post‐migration investments in human capital acquisition on labour market outcomes. Obtaining UK higher degrees appears to reduce the informational uncertainty associated with foreign credentials, facilitate cultural and economic assimilation, and boost economic opportunities for foreign graduates, especially for those developing/poor country immigrants.     

Vidas al Revés /Upside-Down Lives: Educational Challenges Faced by Transnational Children of Return Mexican Families

Drastic immigration policies and economic conditions have resulted in unparalleled return rates to Mexico. Deported parents are faced with the difficult choice of leaving US-born children behind or taking them to their country of origin, where many face significant educational, cultural, and linguistic barriers. This study focuses on six families and the challenges they have faced living with undocumented status in the US, re-adjusting to life in Mexico, and the educational challenges faced by their children in both countries.