美国、澳大利亚、瑞典中小学校长资格制度比较研究

美国、澳大利亚和瑞典三个国家的中小学校长资格制度在资格标准、资格认定、资格证书方面既存在共同因素,又各具特色。总结其经验和特点,主要表现在:校长资格标准、资格认定和资格证书制度构成校长资格制度的基本框架;中小学校长"教学领导者"角色得以凸显;校长专业素质养成和评价得以重视;校长专业组织的作用得以充分发挥。对三个国家中小学校长资格制度的比较和分析将为完善我国中小学校长资格制度提供有益借鉴。     

浅评高校双证制度的实践

从各个角度对高校的双证制度进行了思考.既肯定了双证中人才学历教育和技能教育并重的优点,也评述了双证制度在实施过程中出现的问题,并提出了相应的解决办法.     

解析高职高专学生"学历证书+职业资格证书"双证就业

职业资格证书制度，是社会发展进步的一个标志，它是以职业活动为导向，以职业能力为核心的新型职业教育培训。高职高专院校推进“学历证书＋职业资格证书”双证就业制度，旨在利用高校资源，引导教育直接与职业活动相结合，直接为生产和经济发展的需要服务，提高人力资源开发的效率；引导职业资格证书成为学生“职业生涯自觉的追求”，提升学生的市场竞争能力。     

电子商务的安全框架

介绍了电子商务应用中的安全需求，给出了基于RBAC的电子商务应用传输安全和存取控制授权框架，保证了电子商务的安全需求。     

职业资格证书制度下的"对证施教"--社会行业对高职院校教学改革的具体要求

推行职业资格证书制度，是我国实施“科教兴国”战略的一项举措，也是进行人力资源开发的重要手段。作为为社会培养高级技能型人才的高等职业院校，如何积极推行和完善职业资格证书制度是不容回避的义务，本文就职业资格证书制度的具体要求结合当前高职院校教学改革的基本思想，提出“对证施教”是高职院校教学改革的重要举措。     

日本教师资格更新制浅析

日本是世界上较早实行教师资格证书的国家,也是世界上教师进修体系比较完善的国家.随着日本人民对教育以及教师的要求日益高涨,特别是为了全面提高教师的素养,确保教师的适应性和专业性,日本中央教育审议会等对教师资格证书提出了改革方案.本文试图对日本的教师资格制度与教师资格证更新制的背景、内容以及意义等进行解析,以期对正处于改革和发展进程中的我国的教师教育提供有益的借鉴.     

终身学习型专业发展:日本教师资格标准述评

日本在教师专业发展中,对教师的资质能力提出了明确要求,并在《教育职员资格法》和《教员资格更新制》中对教师资格的获得与晋升做出了明确规定,从法律上确保了教师专业发展的终身一体化进程。     

Review of the Leaving Certificate biology examination papers (1999–2008) using Bloom’s taxonomy – an investigation of the cognitive demands of the examination

It is widely recognised that high-stakes assessment can significantly influence what is taught in the classroom. Many argue that high-stakes assessment results in a narrowed curriculum where students learn by rote rather than developing higher cognitive skills. This paper describes a study investigating the various cognitive objectives present from Bloom’s Taxonomy Educational Objectives on the Leaving Certificate biology examination. The study analysed examination papers from the past and current biology syllabuses. Analysis was also carried out to determine the marks being awarded to the different cognitive objectives. The findings show that the examination predominately includes questions that do not promote higher levels of thinking. The majority of the marks on the paper were allocated to the lower objectives of the taxonomy, suggesting students can rely on rote learning to succeed when undertaking the biology examination. This study strongly highlights how high-stake examinations have a narrow scope in terms of student achievement and shows how current biology examination procedures promote low-level learning. This low level of thinking promotes rote learning and regurgitation of facts, requiring little to no understanding of the topics. To prepare students for the working world, there needs to be a shift from only terminal exams to a mixed approach.     

A group of educators' stance on the implementation of South Africa's further education and training curriculum

In their dealings with educators in the Southern Cape region of South Africa, the researchers observed among them a degree of negativity and pessimism about the implementation of the Further Education and Training (FET) policy and curriculum during 2006. Exploratory discussions supported the surmise that a gap existed between policy formulation and the actual implementation of the policy in secondary schools. A qualitative research project confirmed this surmise, and served as the basis for a theoretical examination of the dynamics behind the stance adopted by the participants.     

BEC（剑桥商务英语）中级口语考试模式的分析与应试技巧的探讨

如今就业形势严峻,为了在求职中更具有竞争力,高等院校的商务英语专业学生争相报考BEC证书。剑桥商务英语考试（简称BEC）对于中国学生而言,是一种与传统英语考试完全不同的考试模式。本文就BEC中级的口语考试模式及应试技巧进行分析,希望能对考生有所启发。