台湾大学入学考试及其化学试题评析

2002年,台湾地区全面实行大学多元入学方案,代替了联考长达半个世纪的统治地位。多元入学方案提供了学生多种入学的渠道,提供更大范围的课程,增加了学生选择的自由度。本文介绍了2010年台湾大学入学考试化学试题的形式及特点,以期为大陆推行新课程高考改革提供参考。     

金团簇Aun（n=17—19）分子静电势的理论研究

在混合密度泛函BP86理论下,用LANL2DZ基函数对Aun（n=17—19）构型进行优化、电荷分布和分子静电势进行计算．结果表明：NPA和MK电荷能够很好的重现静电势的分布;Aun（n=17—19）电势分布的特点是最大正电势出现在五配位的金原子周围,最大负电势值出现六配位的金原子周围,它们组成了化学反应中最可能的活性点．     

开发智力打开封锁潜能途径的探索

人类具有巨大的难以估量的潜能,潜能人人有,别人夺不去,自己也抛不了.它潜隐在人的大脑里,如果能开发出来,这样的潜能才真正是属于自己的.基于此,结合学习生活,就如何开发智力,打开封锁潜能的途径进行深入探索.     

Simulation of two-phase flows of a droplet impacting on a liquid film with an improved lattice Boltzmann model

Based on the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM), an improved pseudo-potential model, combined with a method of adding force term, is used to simulate the two-phase flows caused by a liquid droplet impacting on a liquid film. In this model, the different phases are treated as one fluid, and the interfaces between the vapor and liquid phases can be obtained by density value of the fluid. This variant of the LBM allows one to obtain the densities of vapor and liquid with high accuracy. The model is validated by an example of phase separation. The early stage of the impact of droplet on liquid film is simulated, and the results are qualitatively consistent with physical phenomena.     

Effects of pre-harvest chemical application on rice desiccation and seed quality

Pre-harvest desiccation may increase the efficiency of seed production. Field studies were conducted to determine the effects of diquat, paraquat, and ethephon applications on grain moisture, grain weight, and seed germination of hybrid rice Yanliangyou 88 (Oryza sativa ssp. indica) and conventional rice Wuyunjing 7 (Oryza sativa ssp. japonica). In 2013, we tested 12 treatments applied at four weeks (Yanliangyou 88) and six weeks (Wuyunjing 7) after heading. Results showed that reductions in moisture content were significant two and four days after chemical application. Chemical applications had no adverse effects on 1000-grain weight, germination percentage, or germination index, but there were negative effects on the percentage of normal seedlings. Desiccation effects increased with increase in the period after application, while the effect of ethephon combined with diquat or paraquat on desiccation was limited compared with that of diquat or paraquat alone in a short period after application. In 2013, chemical applications reduced the moisture content by from 0.5% to 6.4%, the germination percentage by from 0% to 3.3%, and the percentage of normal seedlings by from 13.3% to 100.0%. Among the treatments, diquat applied at 120 g/ha resulted in effective desiccation with fewer negative effects on grain weight and seed germination in 2013 and 2014. Therefore, diquat may have potential as a pre-harvest chemical desiccation treatment for rice. These results may provide a basis for developing and implementing protocols for large scale field trials.     

中意风力发电领域合作潜力分析与研究

凭借丰富的风能资源和政策支持,意大利近年来风力发电发展迅速。意大利风电发展规划明确,风电在其未来能源框架中扮演着重要角色,发展潜力巨大。中国风资源利用规模不断扩大,风电设备制造技术显著提升,海上风电有了实质性发展,中意两国在风电领域有着广阔的合作空间。在介绍意大利风电行业发展现状、规划和监管体制的基础上讨论意大利风电相关政策,分析中意两国风电企业合作现状,阐述两国风电领域的合作潜力。     

A six-year monitoring case study of a top-10 cycling Grand Tour finisher

This study analysed the evolution of the physical potential of a twice top-10 Grand Tour cycling finisher (Tour de France and Vuelta a España) whose training was monitored between the ages of 18 and 23 years. The world-class cyclist’s power output (PO) data and training indices were analysed over six years to determine the evolution of his record power profile and training load (TL), which were estimated by using the session rating of perceived exertion (RPE) method. The total annual duration and TL increased through six seasons by 79% and 83%, respectively. The record POs in all exercise intensity zones improved over the six years. The increases in TL, monotony (+34%) and strain (+162%) from the junior category to the world-class level significantly correlated with an improvement in his aerobic potential, which was characterised by an increase in the record POs between 5 min and 4 h. This case study of the performance level and training parameters of a world-class cyclist provides comprehensive insight into the evolution of a cyclist to the top level. Furthermore, determining the record power profile of this athlete over six competitive seasons illuminates the maturation of the physical potential of a top-10 Grand Tour finisher.     

周期系相邻元素电离势的相关性

作者旨在研究(不同种类)相邻元素相同亚层的电子相关性质,而不像以往仅仅限于同一种元素原子内电子的相互作用.从总结现代原子电离势实验数据的规律性出发,发现了周期系相邻元素电子间的相关性方程 I_n〔X〕-2I_(n-1)〔Y〕+I(n-2)〔Z〕=K 文中运用“相对论效应”、“原子轨道能量变化图”解释了一些元素的部分电离势国际实验值在本文相关性中表现出的客观反常因素,并发现11种元素的15个电子国际电离势实验数据有测量误区,本文对其真值作了相应的理论预测.文章认为演化至今的不同种类元素,都是某种普遍相关联系和不断发展的产物.     

同一岩石试样的Lu-Hf和Sm-Nd快速分离及国家岩石标准物质的Hf-Nd同位素比值精确测定

本文报道基于Li2B4O7熔融样品、采用AG50W-X8和HDEHP组合或RE和HDEHP组合色谱交换柱,对同一岩石试样快速分离Sm-Nd-Lu-Hf的方法。用这两种方法对国际岩石标准BHVO-2、GSP-2和JB-1进行了Lu-Hf、Sm-Nd分离和^143 Nd/^144 Nd、^176Hf/^177Hf测定,并测定了BHVO-2、JB-1和JB-3的Lu/Hf和Sm/Nd比值,获得的结果在误差范围内与这些样品的参考值一致.同时,我们对国家岩石标准物质GBW07109、GBW07110和GBW07113进行了多次平行分析,首次获得了这些岩石标准的Nd-Hf同位素结果.     

改革化工工艺教学增强学生的实际能力

从教学目标的确定，教学内容的调整，教学方法的改进和考试形式的多样化方面讨论了化工工艺课程教学改革的实践和体会，目的是增强学生的实际能力。