Community differences in the implementation of Strong Communities for Children

In 1993, the U.S. Advisory Board on Child Abuse and Neglect recommended a neighborhood-based strategy to prevent child abuse and neglect. The Board further recommended the development of Prevention Zones to allow for testing of the effectiveness of community-wide child protection efforts in neighborhoods of differing population density, ethnic and cultural composition, and social and economic resources. Following the Board's recommendation, this article presents the results of a trial of the effectiveness of a neighborhood-based strategy in low- and high-resource communities. Using management, survey, and administrative data, the research showed that both community types experienced declines in founded cases of and injuries suggesting child maltreatment for children under age 5. Low-resource communities experienced greater levels of mobilization, as measured by community and institutional engagement, and a greater number of positive outcomes related to changes in the quality of life for families and community norms relative to child and family well-being. In particular, the low-resource communities experienced the largest increases in receiving help from neighbors, neighboring, perceived household safety for neighborhood children, and observed positive parenting. High-resource communities experienced greater increases in intermediate outcomes related to self-reported parenting practices. The findings suggest that, ultimately, community mobilization can occur and be an effective means of preventing child maltreatment across community types. It appears, however, that community mobilization may play a more significant role in low-resource communities.     

重视学生特性,实现思想政治课教育功能最大化

促进人的个性发展是教育长期追求的重要目标。思想政治课在学校的课程体系中居于首要位置,在提高学生的文化素养、道德修养及促进学生的个性发展等方面发挥着不可替代的作用。而艺术院校的学生在个性及其专业特性上具有明显的特点,因而,在思想政治课教育中,重视和利用教育对象的特殊性并将其与教育活动紧密联系,使教育活动自觉反映并符合学生身心发展的需求、学生的个性发展与教育活动趋向良性互动的状态,实现艺术院校思想政治课教育功能最大化的目标。     

南朝诸家玄言诗批评发微

南朝玄言诗批评有别于两晋之时提出的"韵灵旨清"的审美标准。檀道鸾、沈约、江淹、刘勰、钟嵘等人物的批评,并非从其审美标准而言,而渐有以宗《诗》的儒家诗学标准评价玄言诗,且梁代前后稍有不同。     

Taking charge and letting go: exploring the ways a Transition to Adulthood project for teenagers with Duchenne muscular dystrophy has supported parents to prepare for the future

The new Special Educational Needs and Disability legislation in the Children and Families Act 2014 intends to raise the aspirations of young people with special educational needs and their families, and improve their life outcomes. But what do raised aspirations and better outcomes look like for young people who have a life‐limiting impairment? This article draws on data from a parent evaluation of a lottery‐funded Transition to Adulthood project for boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), called ‘Takin’ Charge’, focusing in particular on whether or not the project helped parents of boys with DMD prepare for the future. Key themes that emerged were the importance and novelty of older role models with DMD in the project who were able to share their journeys into adulthood, the support between families that the project enabled, the meaning of family resilience and aspirations for a normal life. The use of solution‐focused questioning with families affected by a life‐limiting impairment is also explored.     

高校医务室的管理相应问题与对策

本文涵盖了一些当前高校医务室管理工作中隐藏的问题和不足之处。为了使高校医务室的管理水平得到合理的提升,根据高校医务室存在的问题和不足提出相关的有效措施,为以后高校医务室的管理和规章制度的制定工作的进行提供准确的理论依据。     

Ethics and economics: A comment on Narvaez‘s “Revitalizing human virtue by restoring organic morality”

This paper comments on Darcia Narvaez's Kohlberg Memorial Lecture, published in this issue, with respect to her contrasting ethics and economics, or morality and market. My basic claim is that ethics and economics, properly understood, are just two sides of the same coin. One main point is that all morality solves cooperation problems and includes positive and negative sanctions to uphold it. The second claim is that competition in market economies is, in principle, ethically justified, and where it creates a problem, it is not just an ethical problem, but by the same token an economic one with which economists are concerned.     

一类二元非乘积型Meyer-knig-Zeller概率算子的饱和定理

借助二元抛物线引理,探讨一类二元非乘积型Meyer-knig and Zeller概率算子的饱和性,得到了一个点态饱和定理.     

Three “centuries”: the context and development of rural construction in China

If the shoe doesn’t fit, it is a mistake to change the foot, but in essence this is what occurred in 20th-century China, in the context of rural construction. Motivated by self-preservation, nationalist forces in China resisted the hasty, indiscriminate and harmful importation (indeed, imposition) of western influences, but these external influences ultimately predominated over traditional domestic practices. Radical ideologies evolved, destroying traditional construction methods while promoting ill-conceived, but ostensibly “modern” counterparts, or chaotic syntheses of old and new. Rural economies were devastated, to the despair of peasants. The internal response to external stimulus had become far more damaging, the cure its own fatal disease. Amid ongoing efforts at reconstruction, local committees were formed that varied in efficiency, and successive waves of rural construction featured a wide array of approaches, far more than merely “top down” or “bottom up (grassroots).” And yet, while conditions have improved, the symptoms of radical response persist. The proper cure should be context-dependent reform.     

‘When words don't come easily’: personal narratives from adolescents experiencing shyness as an emotional and behavioural problem in the school context

The purpose of this article is to present narratives from 15 adolescents experiencing shy behaviour as an emotional and behavioural problem in the school context in light of narrative understanding. The investigation is intended to generate knowledge about this largely under‐researched phenomenon based on the personal accounts of those who are actually experiencing it. Their narratives are the foundation for a discussion regarding implications for future practice in the context of school in relation to this group.     

School context and instructional capacity: A comparative study of professional learning communities in rural and urban schools in China

This study examines the teaching gap between rural and urban schools in China from the perspective of teacher professional learning communities (PLCs). Drawing on in-depth interviews with 36 primary school teachers, the study finds striking disparities between rural and urban schools in the working of Teaching and Research Groups (TRGs). These disparities in TRGs result in divergent patterns of instructional capacity building in rural and urban schools. The evidence shows that teaching and teachers are strongly shaped by the school organizational context. It suggests that strengthening school-wide PLCs is an important way of narrowing the rural-urban teaching and learning gaps.