对高校图书馆借阅证办理及其管理工作的思考

作为读者在图书馆借阅和查找文献信息资料的重要证件，图书馆的借阅证是图书馆与读者沟通联系的桥梁，它的办理和管理体现了图书馆对读者的全方位管理，我们应加强对读者借阅证的科学管理，充分发挥馆藏文献信息资源的社会效益和经济效益。     

学籍档案与学生就业

自上世纪90年代以来，我国就面临着严峻的就业形势和巨大的就业压力，大中专毕业生的就业工作越来越被社会所关注。因“涉及千家万户，关系到人民群众的切身利益”，毕业生的就业率及就业层面也就日益成为社会评价各个高校的重要指标。管理和使用好毕业生的档案信息资料，冲破档案利用的种种局限，将隐藏的、静态的档案信息开发成系统的、有价值的和动态的档案信息，不仅对大中专的就业工作起着积极的促进作用，也势必为今后各级各类院校档案工作的发展开辟新的途径。     

When Librarians Hit the Books: Uses of and Attitudes Toward E-Books

Librarians offer a unique perspective on e-books: on one hand they collect these resources and train users as part of their jobs, while on the other hand, they may be users of e-books themselves. With recent increases in research expectations for Canadian academic librarians, this study aimed to discover: when librarians do research, do they use e-books and how often are they using them? This study examines the results of a survey of 392 academic librarians from across Canada. The survey generated data on librarians' use of, and attitudes towards, e-books. While a number of studies examine the use and opinions of e-books among other user groups, this study examines how librarians search for or use e-books differently than other user groups. Results will help librarians to improve their liaison work and make more informed collection development decisions at their own institutions.     

Relational turbulence and perceptions of partner support during reintegration after military deployment

The transition from deployment to reintegration can be stressful for returning military personnel and at-home partners, and support plays a key role in their ability to transition effectively. We draw on relational turbulence theory to advance predictions about how parameters of the relationship between returning service members and at-home partners predict their perceptions of their partner’s support during the post-deployment transition. We surveyed 235 individuals (117 returning service members, 118 at-home partners) who had experienced the transition within the past 6 months. Findings consistent with the theory indicated that relational turbulence partially mediated the negative associations that relational uncertainty and interference from a partner shared with partner support. Partner uncertainty was a direct negative predictor of partner support as well. We consider how these results extend theory, research, and practice.     

论媒体融合趋势下科技期刊编辑的素养

媒体融合发展已成为期刊出版必然趋势,媒体融合时代我国科技期刊的繁荣发展和国际竞争关键取决于编辑的素养。系统阐述媒体融合发展趋势下科技期刊编辑应当具有的素养,包括科学素养、业务素养、全媒体素养以及人文、信息素养等,努力做不忘初心的学者、精益求精的工匠、与时俱进的潮人以及博学多才的杂家,确保由媒体融合平台推送科技成果信息的科学性、规范性、适应性和实用性;科技期刊编辑应树立终生学习实践的信念,并通过积极交流、融入科研、善于总结等提升素养,充分利用现代技术,不断促进科技成果更快更有效地传播以及服务好创新驱动发展战略。     

Technological research in the EU is less efficient than the world average. EU research policy risks Europeans’ future

We have studied the efficiency of research in the EU by a percentile-based citation approach that analyzes the distribution of country papers among the world papers. Going up in the citation scale, the frequency of papers from efficient countries increases while the frequency from inefficient countries decreases. In the percentile-based approach, this trend, which is uniform at any citation level, is measured by the e_p index that equals the P_{top 1%}/P_{top 10%} ratio. By using the e_p index we demonstrate that EU research on fast-evolving technological topics is less efficient than the world average and that the EU is far from being able to compete with the most advanced countries. The e_p index also shows that the USA is well ahead of the EU in both fast- and slow-evolving technologies, which suggests that the advantage of the USA over the EU in innovation is due to low research efficiency in the EU. In accord with some previous studies, our results show that the European Commission’s ongoing claims about the excellence of EU research are based on a wrong diagnosis. The EU must focus its research policy on the improvement of its inefficient research. Otherwise, the future of Europeans is at risk.     

文学翻译中文化因素的把握——杨宪益、戴乃迭所译《儒林外史》点评

文学翻译中对文化因素的把握是一个重要问题。本文从这一角度出发,对清朝吴敬梓所著《儒林外史》和杨宪益、戴乃迭夫妇的英译本进行比较,指出译文在文化因素的把握处理方面有几个值得再加斟酌之处,并予以分析说明,以期在文学翻译中文化因素能得到进一步的重视及更为妥善的处理。     

外来术语的引进与学术本土化——以softpower的汉语翻译之争为例

外来术语的引进不仅仅是一个简单的翻译问题。softpower这一术语进入中国之后被翻译为“软实力”、“软权力”和“软力量”，甚至引起了学者间的持久争论。从术语学的角度看，对softpower的翻译违反了术语的单义性和单名性原则，没有充分考虑来源语中该术语的概念体系和目标语中该术语的概念体系，以及这两个概念体系之间的对应。从翻译学的角度看，解构主义给翻译的异化原则提供了理论支持，使译者对来源语术语的忠诚度减弱，自我创作成分增加。从意识形态的视角看，学术本土化为通过术语翻译的方式进行所谓的创新提供了道义支持。     

从优选论视角看非英语专业大学生汉英句子翻译错误现象

受母语汉语的影响，中国学习者在学习英语的过程中常常会产生负迁移现象。该研究调查了贵州师范学院非英语专业大学生汉英句子翻译的错误现象，并从优选论视角分析了错误翻译的成因。该研究对于大学英语翻译教学来说有很大的参考价值，同时有助于中国英语学习者了解汉英两种语言的异同，寻找汉英句子翻译的规律，以便在翻译中更好地传达句子意思，从而达到有效的沟通和交流。     

Analysis of single comments left for bioRxiv preprints till September 2019

IntroductionWhile early commenting on studies is seen as one of the advantages of preprints, the type of such comments, and the people who post them, have not been systematically explored.Materials and methodsWe analysed comments posted between 21 May 2015 and 9 September 2019 for 1983 bioRxiv preprints that received only one comment on the bioRxiv website. The comment types were classified by three coders independently, with all differences resolved by consensus.ResultsOur analysis showed that 69% of comments were posted by non-authors (N = 1366), and 31% by the preprints’ authors themselves (N = 617). Twelve percent of non-author comments (N = 168) were full review reports traditionally found during journal review, while the rest most commonly contained praises (N = 577, 42%), suggestions (N = 399, 29%), or criticisms (N = 226, 17%). Authors’ comments most commonly contained publication status updates (N = 354, 57%), additional study information (N = 158, 26%), or solicited feedback for the preprints (N = 65, 11%).ConclusionsOur results indicate that comments posted for bioRxiv preprints may have potential benefits for both the public and the scholarly community. Further research is needed to measure the direct impact of these comments on comments made by journal peer reviewers, subsequent preprint versions or journal publications.