亳菊保健啤酒研究

通过在啤酒发酵过程中添加不同比例的亳菊水提液,研究亳菊水提液添加浓度对啤酒风味和抗氧化能力的影响.研究发现,在啤酒后酵前加入3～4 g/L的亳菊参与发酵反应,能生产出兼具亳菊和啤酒独特风味、抗氧化能力强的亳菊保健啤酒.     

中国高校二语动机策略实证研究

动机被视为影响二语学习成效的一个重要的情感因素。本文用定量研究方法对62位高校英语教师进行了调查,旨在研究动机策略重要性的认识程度以及具体运用程度,并探讨两者之间是否存在显著差异。研究结果表明：教师总体上在动机策略的重要性认识程度和实际课堂运用频率上保持很高的一致性,但在实际教学中也存在策略运用不足,主要体现在学生自主能力、课堂任务及教师层面等策略上。传统的以教师为中心的教学方法、应试教育、基础差和大班教学很大程度上影响和制约了教师的动机策略,并限制了学生动机的形成与维持。     

基于柯氏模型的教师培训评估模型研究

教师培训评估是指运用科学的理论、方法和程序对教师培训主体和教师培训过程及其实际效果进行系统考察,是对教师培训对象进行科学而系统的综合检测和考评。评估要成功需依赖好的评估模式,本文借鉴企业领域的柯氏四级评估模型,尝试构建适合教师培训的评估模型,并提出几点实施建议。     

心理语言学视角下的“翻译法”学习策略

大多数教师都主张学习者在学习外语时要忘掉母语,可现实是“翻译法”学习策略屡禁不止。心理语言学研究表明,在学习第二语言时把学生大脑中的母语系统关闭掉是不可能的。Paradis等人的双语或多语语言处理模式则揭示出：第二语言子系统的生成依赖于母语系统,它与母语系统互相之间是动态发展、变化和影响的关系。这提示教师要正确认识“翻译法”学习策略的必然性及合理性,允许学生合理借助它帮助自己习得第二语言。     

运用速度推进导数的教学

在高等数学的教学中,运用我们熟悉的运动速度推进函数导数、L’Hospital法则以及泰勒公式的学习和理解,指出许多抽象的数学公式本就在我们的日常生活之中.     

脱硫石膏的施用量对盐碱地葵花生长的影响

采用拉丁方田间试验设计,测定脱硫石膏在不同施用量条件下对盐碱地的改良效果.结果表明:施用脱硫石膏显著提高了土壤有机质和养分含量,一定程度上降低了土壤碱化度、pH值和全盐含量,提高了葵花出苗率、千粒重和产量.根据脱硫石膏施用量与葵花出苗率、产量的模拟曲线关系,测得利用脱硫石膏改良盐碱化土壤的最佳施用量为28.0 t/hm2左右.     

漏芦挥发油成分分析

通过对漏芦挥发油中化学成分分析比较研究,为漏芦的开发利用提供依据.采用同时蒸馏-萃取法提取漏芦中的挥发油,并以气相色谱-质谱联用法(GC-MS)对挥发油中的化合物进行分析鉴定.共鉴定出30个化合物,占其化学成分总含量的80.57%.漏芦挥发油中主要化学成分为萜类化合物.     

Human capital and innovation: the importance of the optimal organizational task structure

Management literature has identified high-skilled human capital as a crucial dimension of innovation processes at the firm level. In this study, we introduce an alternative view of human capital based on the tasks that firms’ workers perform. We propose a measure of cognitive analytical and interpersonal tasks: the degree of abstractism. We argue that the level of abstractism of a firm has an effect on a firm's propensity to innovate and on its product innovation performance. We hypothesize that while the degree of abstractism has a linear positive relationship with the propensity to innovate, the relationship between abstractism and product innovation performance follows an inverted u-shaped relationship. We find partial support to our hypotheses using data from more than six thousand Portuguese firms. We discuss how these results change our understanding of the relationship between human capital and innovation at the firm level.     

Institutional complementarities: The origins of experimentation in China’s plug-in electric vehicle industry

A vast literature on technology transitions within industries suggests that early phases of new technologies are marked by periods of intense experimentation, but we know little about the conditions under which these periods emerge. We apply inductive, grounded theory-building techniques to examine what prompts firms to experiment across one emerging technology platform—plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs)—in China. Triangulating annual vehicle make and model sales data from 2003 to 2016 (plus monthly data from 2010 to 2016); 112 English and Mandarin archival documents from industry, academic, and news outlets; and 51 semi-structured interviews with industry, government, and academic stakeholders, we develop four in-depth case studies. We find that in contrast to the innovation trajectories of multinational and Chinese arms of joint venture (JV) firms, independent domestic Chinese firms (those with no history of international JV partnerships) are undertaking significant experimentation across multiple levels—infrastructure, core system, subsystem, and component—of the emerging PEV technology platform. We propose the concept of “institutional complementarities” to describe how interactions among institutions—here the national JV regulation and local market support and subsidies—may have turned regional markets into protected laboratories, extending the incubation periods for independent domestic firm experimentation. While this diverse experimentation may be an important antecedent of technology transition, consolidation induced by national policy standardization or competitive pressure may be required for PEV innovations to scale beyond their early, protected regional markets.     

Attracting solutions in crowdsourcing contests: The role of knowledge distance,identity disclosure,and seeker status

We investigate in the context of crowdsourcing how seekers can increase open innovation performance, measured as received solver attention, by making two strategic decisions: selecting innovation tasks that are well suited for crowdsourcing and choosing between the potentials of status signalling through identity disclosure versus enjoying the benefits of anonymity. Drawing on uncertainty reduction theory, we suggest that a well-articulated problem statement reduces uncertainties of potential solvers and increases their willingness to participate. We argue that the ability of seekers to draft high-quality problem statements depends on the distance between the problem domain and their current knowledge stock. An analysis of 637 crowdsourcing projects finds that problem-seeker knowledge distance and received solver attention are curvilinear related such that moderate levels of knowledge distance maximize solver participation. However, high-status seekers who engage in identity-based status signalling are able to benefit from crowdsourcing across all levels of problem-seeker knowledge distance.