汉语方言正反问句类型学探讨

现代汉语方言正反问句有"VP-neg-VP""VP-neg""K-VP"三种基本类型,诸类型在分布上错综复杂、层次叠加,很多方言有几种形式"并存"现象。这些"并存"形式历史上可能经历了一个"此消彼长"演变,最终形成共时平面上"并存消长"态势。     

社会资本对技术扩散的影响

文章将社会资本概念引入到技术扩散过程中,研究了社会资本对技术扩散的影响,只要有足够的信任,在有限理性下技术扩散也能实现。并探讨了社会网络结构模式对技术扩散的影响,技术扩散的程度与社会资本的等级并不成线性关系。     

Comparative political communication research in the digital epoch: A typology of national communication spaces

Abstract

This study makes a systematic effort to connect digital communication research with comparative political analysis. It explores the concurrence of global influence and national resilience in digital spheres, integrating the homogenizing tendencies of networked connectedness and globalization with heterogeneous configurations of national political communication spaces, which are strongly influenced by enduring social contexts. Drawing on the process-oriented actor-connector-interlocutor model, this study uses three sets of indicators to classify national political communication spaces. It conceptualizes three distinctive types of political communication spaces – “symmetrical and fully-fledged,” “vigorous but censored,” and “infertile and unresponsive” – and identifies their characteristics, internal logics, and their linkages to other communication spaces. It offers a systematic and applicable framework that may be used in future studies on cross-national comparisons of political communication processes in digital spheres.     

A systematic review of fantasy driven vs. contact driven internet-initiated sexual offences: Discrete or overlapping typologies?

Within the literature individuals who use the internet to facilitate the sexual abuse of a minor are generally classified as being fantasy or contact driven. Classification is based upon the intended location for sexual climax: fantasy driven individuals aim to reach sexual climax online, whereas contact driven individuals target minors to achieve physical sex offline. This review systematically investigates whether there is an empirical basis for the distinction between these two proposed discrete types. Comparison of tactics and behaviour are considered to examine whether the contact vs. fantasy distinction is useful. A two-stage literature selection process, considered against pre-determined inclusion criteria, identified a total of twenty-two studies. As methodological heterogeneity limited the ability to conduct pooled analysis, a narrative synthesis of data employing an interpretive approach was conducted. This showed that the contact and fantasy distinction is ambiguous, given that both groups engage in online behaviours that provide them with online sexual gratification that can also lead to offline contact. Furthermore, no clear pattern of behaviour was found to define contact and fantasy individuals idiosyncratically. The European Online Grooming Project typology is thus proposed as a better representation of this behaviour; intimacy seeking, adaptable and hypersexualized groups. The distinction between these groups focuses primarily on the intensity of the relationship, acknowledging that sexual abuse can occur with or without offline contact. This review also highlights the need for larger, methodologically robust studies that examine the behaviour of online child sexual offenders.     

风险社会视域下公共危机的类型学论析

公共危机的类型学论析主要探讨其＂多样性＂问题,将这一考量置于风险社会的宏大叙事之下,实质上是为其寻找一个更加广阔的依附背景,有利于更加全面地把握公共危机生成的深层诱因。在学理上,风险语境中的社会燃烧、＂熵＂增效应和契约异化都引发了公共危机的生成,这是其类型＂多样性＂的逻辑依据。风险社会视域研究公共危机的类型学,理应摒弃静止固定的教条标准,坚持动态、开放的原则,勾勒公共危机的生动画卷。     

电影类型学视野下的“中国式西部片”界说

与美国式西部片相比较,中国式西部片在环境、衣着、马匹,职业工具等方面可以大体对应.但中美西部片的视觉表现则存在较大差异:因美国西部开发较晚,美国西部片表现的是蛮荒的西部、统一的牛仔装束、老式的长枪等视觉元素;而因中国西部开发较早,中国式西部片更多展现的是文明化的西部、不拘一格的衣着和各种冷兵器的大量使用.视觉元素决定了故事的讲述方式,在社会矛盾的解决方式、人物的情感处理、故事情节艺术化追求等故事的内在处理方面,中美西部片也体现出较大的差异:美国西部片着力表现西方刚性的牛仔文化,而中国式西部片则体现出东方人独有的生存智慧和社会内涵.     

时间连词主观化功能的类型学体现

以类型学的视角对比时间连词主观化在英语和汉语中的体现,通过对比发现时间连词主观化的共性是时间连词主观化后新的语法功能相同或相似,并且原来的基本意义并没有消失,新旧功能同时共存,同时通过词库调查发现此现象在世界许多种语言中都存在。由此可以推断,时间连词的主观化是人类语言的一个共性。     

从莱思文本类型学理论的角度论公示语汉英翻译的新原则

以德国功能翻译理论家卡塔琳娜.莱思（Katharina Reiss）的文本类型学（text typology）为理论框架,尝试性的提出了公示语汉英翻译的新原则。公示语按其不同的文本功能可分为信息型、表情型、祈使型和复合功能型,翻译时应先分析其文本类型和功能,根据不同类型选择对应的翻译原则为指导,力图得出最佳翻译效果。     

类型学视野下的多语言动量词句法特征分析

通过对现代汉语及多语言动量词的句法特征考察及细化描写发现,动量短语的语序和名量短语的语序及所属语言的语序类型有关。另外对动量词及动量短语的重叠问题也进行了对比分析,找出了多语言之间的共性和差异,尤其是现代汉语和其它有量词语言之间的异同。     

受教育权的国家义务分类浅析

国家对受教育权的实现负有法律义务.国家的义务既是"积极的",又是"消极的".国家的义务主要分为尊重的义务、保护的义务和实现的义务.受教育权的最低核心义务与资源的可用性无关.国家在教育上的核心义务可以划分为:教育的可获得性方面的义务、教育的可进入性方面的义务、教育的可接受性方面的义务以及教育的可适应性方面的义务.