运动员竞赛焦虑状态的分析

以参加第六届全国农运会田径项目的150名运动员作为研究对象,采用＂运动竞赛状态焦虑量表＂（简称CSAI-2问卷）为测试工具进行调查.结果表明：（1）不同性别的运动员竞赛焦虑状态各维度上不存在显著差异,但女运动员竞赛焦虑状态各因素得分略高于男运动员;（2）不同运动年限的运动员竞赛焦虑状态各维度上存在显著差异,运动年限越长竞赛焦虑状态各因素得分越高;（3）不同专项的运动员竞赛焦虑状态各维度不存在显著差异.     

Disentangling the relationship between working memory and language: The roles of short-term storage and cognitive control

This study investigates the relationship between working memory and language in young children growing up in a multilingual environment. The aim is to explore whether mechanisms of short-term storage and cognitive control hold similar relations to emerging language skills and to investigate if potential links are mediated by related cognitive abilities. A sample of 119 Luxembourgish 6-year-olds completed several assessments of working memory (complex and simple span), native and foreign vocabulary, syntax, reading, rhyme awareness, and fluid intelligence. Results showed that short-term storage and cognitive control manifested differential links with developing language abilities: Whereas verbal short-term storage was specifically linked to vocabulary; cognitive control manifested unique and robust links with syntax and early reading development. The study suggests that in young children the working memory system is composed of separate but interacting components corresponding to short-term storage and cognitive control that can be distinguished by the roles they play in supporting language acquisition.     

空间观念的培养策略

培养学生的空间观念一直是小学几何教学的重要目标。本文从认知学的角度阐述了如何培养学生空间观念,并据此提出具体教学操作设想。     

Linkages between cognitive and social dialogue patterns during collaborative small-group discussions

BackgroundCollaborative small-group discussions have the potential to promote reading comprehension, critical thinking, and argumentation. However, few studies have gone beyond cognitive processes to understand the social characteristics of dialogue and their potential contributions to students’ cognitive processing in turn-by-turn dialogic exchanges.AimsThis study closely examined dialogues between speakers and addressees regarding their levels of cognitive processing (i.e., cognitive dialogue patterns) and social processes reflecting social cohesion (i.e., social dialogue patterns). The aims were to understand, first, the relations between students' cognitive dialogue patterns and their social dialogue patterns, and second, the relations between students' cognitive dialogue patterns and peers’ social dialogue patterns.SampleThis study included 4070 speaking turns generated by 120 fifth-graders in 60 small-group discussions.MethodsStudents participated in small-group discussions, called Collaborative Social Reasoning. Dialogue between pairs of group members formed social networks, based on which Exponential Random Graph Models (ERGMs) were specified.ResultsFindings showed that speakers' social dialogue patterns were associated with their cognitive dialogue patterns. However, receiving social dialogue patterns from peers did not always predict students’ advanced types of cognitive dialogue patterns.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that cognitive and social aspects of small-group discussions are intricately linked, and that encouraging social cohesion does not guarantee that students will engage in collaborative and critical discussions.     

从新托福听力测试看大学英语听力教学

新托福考试以交际语言教学理念为指导,从听说读写四个方面全面检验考生在学术环境中实际的英语语言交际交流能力.其听力测试完全模拟北美大学的教学、生活实景,并采用真实语料,全面考查考生在真实学术语境中的听力水平和交际交流能力.文章认为,新托福不仅将会对我国英语教学、测试产生积极的影响,促进我国英语教学与测试的改革,同时也对于我们的英语听力教学有着有益的启示.     

高师中文系学生口语表达能力培养初探

本文就怎样培养高师中文系学生口语表达能力这一问题,从“训练学生学会说普通话”、“训练学生的语言表达能力和把书面语言口语化的能力”、“训练学生的语文教学专业口语能力”三个方面作了探讨。     

基于自主性学习的英语教学模式探究

传统的大学英语教学模式,教学效果不理想,引起众多批评。于是正在进行的大学英语教学改革里,提出要培养学生的自主学习能力,然而实践中出现对自主学习的认识偏差,忽视了课堂教学活动的重要性,轻视了教师的主导地位,对学生的主体地位的定位不准确等等问题。针对以上情况本文尝试探讨通过何种模式来培养学习者自主学习能力。     

浅析我院公共计算机课程教学

计算机基础课程是高职院校一门重要课程,计算机基础教学是一项非常重要的工作,其质量也是衡量学校办学质量的一个重要指标。本文结合自己的教学实践,总结了我院计算机基础教学工作的成绩、成效,分析了我院公共计算机教学工作目前存在的一些问题,对计算机基础的教学提出了一些参考意见。     

中学化学实验创新教育的思考与实践

本文以中学化学实验创新教育为视点,针对目前普遍存在的问题,从创造性人格教育、创造能力培养、创造性思维训练三个方面进行了思考和实例介绍.