也谈汉英翻译中的CHINGLISH

犀利有力的写作应是言简意赅的。句子不应有多余的词，段落不应有多余的句。通过大量的例子来分析“中文式英语”的各种现象和产生原因，有助于克服这种现象。     

Mapping the knowledge structure exhibited by a cohort of students based on their understanding of how a galvanic cell produces energy

This study evaluates the use of an open‐ended question to determine students' knowledge structure on the topic of galvanic cells. The open‐ended question was developed and administered to 163 Grade 10 students who had earlier completed a course on electrochemistry. Students' responses were marked as well as coded on the basis of the fields identified from their responses. This was then evaluated statistically to determine the collective knowledge structure of the sample of students. The knowledge structure thus mapped contains both canonical concepts and alternative conceptions (ACs). An important finding emerging from this study is that instructors need to focus student's attention on the dynamic processes involving electrons and ions during the operation of galvanic cells. In order for students to fully understand how a galvanic cell operates, they need to see the whole picture. There are three critical components that lead to students' understanding of how an oxidation–reduction reaction can generate energy and how a circuit is complete: transfer of electrons during oxidation–reduction half‐reactions, flow of electrons within metals, and migration of ions in solution. Also, we found that it is possible for students to use correct chemistry concepts in an incorrect way by establishing linkages among these in an inappropriate manner. We reiterate that apart from evaluating students' ACs, it is also important to evaluate the links between the concepts and conceptions present in students' knowledge structure so that teaching can be made more effective.     

商品交易顾问的分类、作用及其特点

商品交易顾问作为非主流投资工具的一种,其主要作用在于可以显著地降低投资组合的风险;商品交易顾问与其他传统的和非主流投资工具相比有其独具特色的一面。近年来,商品交易顾问广受市场青睐且总体规模急剧膨胀;由此,其在世界商品期货市场中的影响也日渐提升。研究国外商品交易顾问的先进经验对我国期货市场期货投资基金的发展有着重要的借鉴意义。     

自足的性状小句与成活的性状小句

本文把性状小句分为自足的性状小句和成活的性状小句,分别考察了自足的性状小句中的程序范畴和成活的性状小句成活的方式,并探讨了两种类型小句在使用上的差异。文章末尾有一个余论。     

图形—背景理论在英语倒装句焦点凸显功能分析中的作用

从认知语言学中的图形与背景理论的角度出发,重新分析了英语倒装句的焦点功能,认为英语倒装句符合图形—背景理论中的凸显原则。在语言的实际运用中,说话人将正常语序结构“图形—背景”转化为“背景—图形”,形成句末焦点,达到了最佳凸显效果,引起听者对图形的注意。     

英汉语句修辞模式差异与汉式英语

汉式英语是中国学生写英语作时常出现的错误，其原因是受汉语句子修辞模式的影响。这里主要论述了英汉语在主语、谓语、修饰语、一致性原则及句子结构等方面的差异，探讨了汉式英语产生的根源，这将为消除汉式英语有很大帮助。     

并列结构组成成分排序原则及原因初探

并列结构语序从纯语法上说其关系至关重要，是自由灵活的，但如果从语义和语用的角度看，又是相对固定的，排序时要受到多种原则的制约。汉语并列结构组成成分排序大致遵循如下原则：时空原则、感知原则、文化原则、语音原则、逻辑原则、语境原则、语言习惯等。这些排序原则是以认知心理、社会文化、语音特征、逻辑事理、约定俗成等多种因素为基础而形成的。     

基于神经网络的垃圾邮件过滤

垃圾邮件的过滤是一个具有重要现实意义的课题．将交叉覆盖学习算法和向量空间模型等技术相结合可得到一种新的垃圾邮件过滤方法．实验结果表明该方法识别率较高，具有较强的实用价值．     

浅析俄语主从复合句中的分解型（复）句

本文就俄语主从复合句中分解型(复)句进行了整理、归纳和分析,以便学生更好地掌握与理解。     

Weibull分布下双应力交叉步加试验的逆矩估计法

论述了Weibull分布下双应力交叉步加试验的时间折算公式及数据统计分析的逆矩估计法。