The conflict detection and resolution in knowledge merging for image annotation

Semantic annotation of images is an important step to support semantic information extraction and retrieval. However, in a multi-annotator environment, various types of conflicts such as converting, merging, and inference conflicts could arise during the annotation. We devised conflict detection patterns based on different data, ontology at different inference levels and proposed the corresponding automatic conflict resolution strategies. We also constructed a simple annotator model to decide whether to trust a given piece of annotation from a given annotator. Finally, we conducted experiments to compare the performance of the automatic conflict resolution approaches during the annotation of images in the celebrity domain by 62 annotators. The experiments showed that the proposed method improved 3/4 annotation accuracy with respect to a naïve annotation system.     

现行高考制度的内在冲突及其改革之目标与方向——再论改革全国统一高考制度势在必行

高考制度与素质教育、创造教育之间的冲突,体现了作为一种选择性考试活动及其功能,与作为一种全面的、应然的考试功能和理念之间的差异与冲突。我国现行的全国性、大规模的统一高考制度,使这一矛盾与冲突更为突出和加剧。要化解和调适高考制度的内在冲突,全面实现教育考试的宗旨与功能,就必须坚决破除全国统一高考制度,以尽快实现考试制度、方式的多元化和多样化。     

边界内外:从文化冲突到文化融合——以峨山县塔甸彝汉两村为个案

塔甸彝村和街子汉村位于滇中峨山彝族自治县西北部山区。由于历史上的资源占有、政治隶属以及经济共同体的发展等原因,两村为了维护自身利益和立场,一直以来发生着一系列彝汉矛盾。当地链接两村彝汉民族的街子及其开新街仪式活动,充当着彝汉族群边界的角色,划定和界分着彝汉两个民族的身份和文化认同。近年来随着经济一体化发展,国家和谐社会建设以及公民社会养成的推进,彝汉族群边界逐渐出现弱化和跨越现象,两村彝汉民族关系呈现出和谐的局面。     

转化氛围与转化绩效:角色冲突和自我建构力视角

通过对289名某科研单位科研人员的问卷调查,实证研究转化氛围、角色冲突、自我建构力对转化绩效的影响。结果表明转化氛围不仅对转化绩效产生直接正效应,对角色冲突产生直接负效应,还会通过角色冲突的中介作用对转化绩效产生间接正效应,转化氛围与角色冲突间的关系以及角色冲突与转化绩效间的关系受到自我建构力的调节作用影响。     

Causes and effects of teacher conflict-inducing attitudes towards pupils: a path analysis model

A model explaining several causes and consequences of negative teacher–pupil relationships was developed. Data from 109 teachers and 946 high school pupils was analyzed using path analysis. The results suggest that teachers who prefer a custodial approach of controlling pupils, who have lower morale due to school climate conditions and who are less likely to burn out, tend to adopt conflict-inducing attitudes towards pupils. The results also demonstrate a high incidence of educational, psychological and somatic complaints in students whose characterized teachers are perceived as more hostile in their attitude towards pupils. Implications of these findings are discussed.     

粟特商团事件原因探析

西突厥汗国与萨珊朝波斯的联盟关系并未维持多久,一个事件成为了两国关系的转折点。这就是弥南德《希腊史残卷》所记述的"粟特商团事件"。本文拟以东西方史料及学者们的研究成果,对此事件的时间及原因进行分析,以还历史之本原。     

Couples' Online Cognitions during Conflict: Links between What Partners Think and their Relational Satisfaction

The current study was conducted to investigate the thoughts romantic partners had as they discussed a topic of conflict in their relationship. A modified version of protocol analysis was employed to access couples' cognitions. Specifically, partners voiced their thoughts aloud as they engaged in a computer-mediated interaction. The findings yielded associations between individuals' cognitions and their relational satisfaction as well as differences between the cognitions of men and women. Individuals' vocalized thoughts also were associated with their partner's satisfaction. The results provide an interesting portrayal of various associations between the way partners feel about their relationship and the unspoken thoughts they have during the course of interaction. Possible theoretical and methodological implications for the literature on couples' cognitions and relational satisfaction are discussed.     

Parents' Communication Skills and Adolescents' Salivary α-Amylase and Cortisol Response Patterns

The primary goal of this study was to examine patterns or groupings of adolescents’ hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) (measured through cortisol) and sympathetic nervous system (SNS) (measured through salivary alpha amylase or sAA) responses as a function of their parents’ communication skills. A related goal was to decipher whether adolescents who demonstrate different patterns of physiological reactivity vary in their personal and relational health. The sample consisted of 118 parent–adolescent dyads who were asked to talk about something stressful related to the parents’ relationship. The results revealed that adolescents’ perceptions of their parent's communication skills predicted the likelihood that the adolescents would overreact, show no reaction, or down regulate in response to such a discussion, but only for sAA. All of the communication skills in question—social support, communication competence, feeling caught between the parents’ conflict, and inappropriate disclosures—supported the hypothesis that adolescents with parents who they think are more communicatively skilled are better able to recover from a stressful interaction than adolescents whose parents are less skilled. Adolescents who were considered “overreactors” in sAA also had more negative health indices, somewhat lower psychological well-being, and poorer quality relationships with their parents.     

口译中常见的四对矛盾和解决策略

口译是翻译形式的一种, 应该遵循翻译的一般准则, 但同时它也有自己的特殊性。口译的特殊性令其在实践中产生了很多与一般翻译理论相悖的矛盾, 这些矛盾的处理是否得当,直接影响到口译质量的优劣。     

浅谈声乐作品的情感把握

本文从认真分析曲义、准确把握情绪以及抓住主体风格三方面,分析了如何正确把握声乐作品的思想感情.