Culture,Communication, and Peacebuilding: A Reflexive Multi-Dimensional Contextual Framework

Abstract

This article argues that intercultural communication scholars should play a central role in advancing the study and practice of peacebuilding. A reflexive, multi-dimensional and contextualized framework for viewing peacebuilding is proposed, with a focus on personal, relational, and structural dimensions. Three topical areas—community engagement, intercultural dialogue, and alliance building—are used to illustrate the framework and point to possibilities for additional research and development. Seven strategies for applying this framework in the complex arena of intractable conflicts are proposed and described.     

Conflict frequency within mother-child dyads across contexts: Links with attachment security and gender

The current study examined context, attachment, temperament, and gender as predictors of conflict frequency between mothers and their young children. Conflict between 40 mothers and their 36-month-old children was observed during multiple laboratory tasks with varying levels of structure, and the number of dyadic conflict episodes was totaled for each context. Mothers also completed measures of attachment and temperament. Results indicated that relative to free play and clean-up contexts, dyads displayed the highest amounts of conflict during the teaching context, which was driven by mother-initiated conflict. Attachment, but not temperament, was predictive of dyadic conflict frequency and child-initiated conflicts for mother-daughter dyads, but not for mother-son dyads, during the teaching context. Specifically, as attachment security increased, conflict decreased between mothers and their daughters. The findings of the study emphasize the importance of examining the context and child's gender in accordance with attachment in order to fully understand the relationship between attachment and conflict frequency.     

Family Communication Patterns and Conflict Styles in Chinese Parent-Child Relationships

This study investigated Chinese family communication patterns, their effects on children's conflict styles, and the children's perceptions of parent-child relationship satisfaction. The study found that Chinese family communication patterns are more conversation-oriented than conformity-oriented, and the collaborating and accommodating styles are the children's most preferred and the competing style the least preferred. The children from conversation-oriented families are most likely to use the collaborating style but unlikely to use the avoiding style, whereas the children from conformity-oriented families are most likely to use the competing style but unlikely to use the collaborating style. The finding also indicated that children are more satisfied with the conversation orientation than with the conformity orientation and with the collaborating, compromising, and accommodating styles than with competing and avoiding styles in parent-child relationships.     

When Hurt Continues: Taking Conflict Personally Leads to Rumination,Residual Hurt and Negative Motivations Toward Someone Who Hurt Us

Individuals sometimes are hurt by the comments of others, and residual feelings of hurt are experienced after the episode. Because of individuals’ tendency to ruminate, we argue that residual hurt and its consequences may be especially common among individuals who tend to take conflict personally (TCP). We hypothesized that TCP would be positively related to motivations to avoid and to seek revenge against offenders, and these relationships will be mediated by the link between rumination and residual hurt. To test our hypotheses, we conducted a survey among undergraduates about how they reacted to a hurtful message. We confirmed our hypotheses.     

陆春龄与赵松庭竹笛音乐风格之比较——以《鹧鸪飞》为例

陆春龄和赵松庭都是南派竹笛大师。但二位先生的演奏风格在扎根南派传统的基础上又各异其趣,以二位先生改编的同名乐曲《鹧鸪飞》为例,通过演奏家生平、作品的调式、音阶、结构、演奏技法和立意等几个方面的比较,试图找出二位大师在同一地域流派基础上彰显出的不同个人风格。     

Facing our Heuristic Limits: Expanding the Terminology for Types of Positive Face

This article adds to Lim and Bowers’ (1991) framework featuring two types of positive face: competence and fellowship face. We propose the addition of three types of positive face: character, social, and status face. We differentiate between each new type of face by examining: (a) protective strategies adopted, (b) types of face threats, (c) corrective strategies, and (d) pejorative labels threatening/attacking each type of face. The heuristic value for the positive face terms proposed is also explored through re-visiting a scholarly article in which positive face is analyzed. Data presented in that article are examined through the lens of the three proposed positive face terms. Finally, broader implications of theorizing are discussed, particularly with respect to politeness.     

美国华裔女性文学中的文化碰撞

文化碰撞是美国华裔文学中的一种必然存在。不同于美国华裔男性作家强调相异文化主体间的硬性冲突,华裔女性文学则对不同文化表现出一种接受吸纳,兼收并蓄,融合共生的期望。这是华裔女性作家独特的视角和时代潮流共同孕育的一种文化、族裔新态度。     

D-S证据融合规则的研究

介绍了D-S证据融合规则及其在证据冲突下的失效问题,分析了D-S证据融合规则失效产生的原因,并对现有的改进方法进行分析,总结其不足。针对各改进方法的不足提出一种新的改进方法的研究思路,既可以解决失效问题,又有很好的融合速度。     

以利益冲突为背景解读和谐社会

均衡和冲突是人类关于社会本质的两种理解方式。均衡论过分注重社会的分化和整合。它关于社会可以通过自身的系统进行整合达到均衡发展的说法忽略了矛盾和冲突在社会变迁中的意义。相比而言,冲突论正视社会冲突现象,积极寻找解决冲突的途径,以此取得政治认同、实现社会整合的范式更贴近人类社会的发展进程。因此。冲突作为一种客观的社会存在将伴随和谐社会的整个建构过程。