武术健身价值和教育价值的运用与研究

文章以一个世纪以来,特别是近30年来武术健身价值和教育价值的成果为基础,结合武术运动在中国国内的普及现状和国际范围内的发展趋势,论证了武术国际、国内传播中应充分发挥其健身价值与文化教育价值,预示了武术将在全人类健康与教育方面发挥越来越重要的作用.     

浅析三人制篮球运动的健身价值

随着我国《全民健身计划纲要》的颁布,健身活动的普及,三人制篮球运动开始在我国蓬勃发展起来。本文从三人制篮球运动的起源、三人制篮球运动在我国的开展现状及在青少年学生中的普及状况、三人制与五人制篮球运动的比较、三人制篮球运动具有的新体育运动特征等方面分析三人制篮球运动的健身价值及其发展趋势,以求明确三人制篮球运动健身存在的现实意义,并为三人制篮球运动健身的发展提供新的思路与见解。     

中国女子排球运动员后备力量相关指标剖析

调研以提高中国女子排球运动竞技水平为目的,以选拔、培养国家女排后备力量为组织核心的数届全国青年女排集训比赛的运动员为主要研究对象,采用文献资料、数理统计等方法,对其身体形态和专项身体素质数据进行分析。研究认为：近三年来全国青年女子排球运动员的年龄征象、身高水平相对稳定;主攻、副攻、二传、接应的体重、指高差异不显著、专位特色不鲜明;助跑摸高、6m×16次移动水平停滞不前;下肢垂直与水平爆发力等专项素质亟待提高;相关指标数据与国家女排运动员、甲A女排运动员有较大差距;身材高大的运动员仍较缺乏。     

运动性疲劳与身体机能的恢复

一个世纪以来,运动性疲劳一直是体育科学研究中重要的课题,本文拟就运动性疲劳产生的机制、预防及恢复手段进行了论述,以期为运动性疲劳进行深入的研究提供有益的参考。     

高校校园体育文化对大学生身体素质的影响研究

高校校园体育文化是高校体育教育发展的产物。文章通过对高校校园体育文化的研究,以及对大学生身体素质现状的分析,得出如何通过构建高校体育文化,进而促进大学生身体素质的发展。     

交互主体性协同发展及其体育教学实践研究

实施主体性教育是当今教育的必然趋势。发展交互主体性突出人的主体意识和主体能力,发挥教师的主导作用和学生主体作用,是推动教育改革不断深化,提高体育教学质量,对学生个体的全面发展起着重要作用。     

山东省优秀散打运动员有氧能力的研究

目的：探讨山东省优秀散打运动员有氧能力的特点。方法：对山东省优秀散打运动员（实验组）（n=27,其中健将级运动员5人,国家一级运动员22人）以及对照组（n=19,均为二级运动员）的肺功能、心血管功能、最大吸氧量、血乳酸以及身体成分等指标进行比较分析。结果：1）实验组具有高的瘦体重和瘦体重/体脂（P〈0.05）。2）实验组的最大吸氧量无论是其绝对值还是相对值均显著高于对照组（P〈0.05）。3）实验组和对照组在安静状态下的血乳酸均无显著性差异;但定量负荷后即刻实验组表现出较低的血乳酸值,而对照组则表现出较高的血乳酸值（P〈0.05）。结论：优秀散打运动员具有较高的有氧能力。     

Relationships between anthropometric measures and athletic performance,with special reference to repeated-sprint ability,in the Qatar national soccer team

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine potential relationships between anthropometric parameters and athletic performance with special consideration to repeated-sprint ability (RSA). Sixteen players of the senior male Qatar national soccer team performed a series of anthropometric and physical tests including countermovement jumps without (CMJ) and with free arms (CMJwA), straight-line 20 m sprint, RSA (6 × 35 m with 10 s recovery) and incremental field test. Significant (P < 0.05) relationships occurred between muscle-to-bone ratio and both CMJs height (r ranging from 0.56 to 0.69) as well as with all RSA-related variables (r < –0.53 for sprinting times and r = 0.54 for maximal sprinting speed) with the exception of the sprint decrement score (S_dec). The sum of six skinfolds and adipose mass index were largely correlated with S_dec (r = 0.68, P < 0.01 and r = 0.55, P < 0.05, respectively) but not with total time (TT, r = 0.44 and 0.33, P > 0.05, respectively) or any standard athletic tests. Multiple regression analyses indicated that muscular cross-sectional area for mid-thigh, adipose index, straight-line 20 m time, maximal sprinting speed and CMJwA are the strongest predictors of S_dec (r² = 0.89) and TT (r² = 0.95) during our RSA test. In the Qatar national soccer team, players’ power-related qualities and RSA are associated with a high muscular profile and a low adiposity. This supports the relevance of explosive power for the soccer players and the larger importance of neuromuscular qualities determining the RSA.     

Association of different types of playing surfaces with bone mass in growing girls

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to compare bone mass in young female athletes playing ball games on different types of playing surfaces. About 120 girls, 9–13 years of age (10.6 ± 1.5 years old Tanner I–III) were recruited and divided into prepubertal and pubertal groups. The sample represented 3 groups of athletes: soccer (N = 40), basketball (N = 40), and handball (N = 40); and 6 different playing surfaces (soccer – ground, soccer – artificial turf, basketball – synthetic, basketball – parquet, handball – synthetic, and handball – smooth concrete). Total and regional body composition (bone mass, fat mass, and lean mass) were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). The mechanical properties of the surfaces (force reduction, vertical deformation, and energy return) were measured with the Advanced Artificial Athlete (Triple A) method. The degree of sexual development was determined using Tanner test. The pubertal group showed that soccer players on the ground, basketball players on synthetic, and handball players on smooth concrete had higher values of bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) (P < 0.05) than the soccer players on the artificial turf, basketball players on parquet, and handball players on synthetic. In conclusion, a hard playing surface, with less vertical deformation and force reduction, and greater energy return, is associated with higher levels of BMD and BMC in growing girls, regardless of the sport they practice.     

团体啦啦操练习对女大学生身体自尊的影响

目的:为全面地认识团体啦啦操练习对身体自尊的影响。方法:本研究采用实验法对湖州师范学院17名在校女大学生进行身体自尊研究。结果:短期内团体啦啦操练习对身体自尊的影响不存在显著差异,但对身体自尊中的身体吸引力和身体自尊总分有明显的影响。结论:通过啦啦操练习,对女大学生的身体形态、表现力和自信心全面提升。