新课改下的生物实验教学

生物学作为一门以实验为基础的科学,课程倡导以观察、调查和实验为主的探究性学习方式。生物实验是探究性学习的主要内容,它既是过程、又是方法,有助于培养学生的各种能力,提高学生的科学素养。因此生物实验教学的成功是生物教学有效性的核心内容之一。本文重点分析了在新课改下如何有效的开展生物实验教学,如何使实验教学能最大限度的调动学生学习的学习主动性,激发学生的求知欲望。     

从语义角色的变化谈词义的发展——以“暗补”“明补”为例

“暗补”和“明补”是近年来出现的的新词语。它们的深层语义角色施事、目的、范围、动作等在表层语义结构中没有体现出来,因此这些语义角色的具体值会随语境的不同而有所不同。在对“暗补”或“明补”进行定义时,对施事、目的、范围、一动作等语义角色不能定义得十分具体,否则就只能是它的语境义而不是词典中的概念义了。     

思维视角的跨文化交流论析

人类之间的交流离不开思维,包括抽象思维、形象思维和直觉思维。思维作为大脑处理信息的方式总是在表达和接收信息时直接或间接起作用。由于文化、风俗以及生活环境的差异在不同文化主体之间形成不同的认知偏好和思维习惯,从而造成思维方式的巨大不同,直接影响到跨文化交流的顺利实现。因此,从思维的角度来考察交流如何可能及跨文化交流如何实现具有重要的意义。     

免费师范生问题意识与创新思维的培养

学习动机产生的关键就是问题,问题激发学生的求知欲。问题意识是关系到教学成败、创新人才培养的决定性因素。问题意识是培养学生创新精神的切入点,问题意识在思维过程和科学创新活动中占有非常重要的地位。通过目前问题意识研究现状分析、心理学分析,结合免费师范生思维发展特点,积极探索了培养提高化学教育专业免费师范生问题意识与创新能力的有效方法。     

指导下习得在外语教学中的应用

外语(即第二语言)能力的获得途径长久以来一直是语言学家和语言教学者长期以来争论的焦点。本文结合外语教学实践把外语习得和学习有机地结合起来,生成第三条途径,也就是指导下学习,并进行了可行性论证。     

Participant characteristics and process variables predict attrition from a home-based early intervention program

Although advocates of home visits claim that they improve access to preventive interventions for socially disadvantaged families, home visiting programs often report high dropout rates. This study investigated factors predicting attrition in a sample of 434 low-income, first-time mothers in a German program modeled on the Nurse–Family Partnership program. Both participant characteristics and process variables associated with attrition were examined. The results indicated that 38.5% of the mothers left the program before completing 75% of the enrollment time; 62% of those left for addressable reasons (e.g., losing interest in program participation). Arguably, these participants might be retained through program modifications. Almost half of the dropouts left the program before completing 25% of the enrollment time. Program dropouts were younger and did not experience pregnancy-related risks. With regard to process variables, a high frequency of unsuccessful visit attempts and low maternal engagement during the home visits increased the risk for attrition. Self-referral, a high percentage of time spent on parenting issues as well as a high percentage of grandmother participation during visits contributed to participant retention. Among mothers with a high number of risk factors for child abuse and neglect, partner (husband or boyfriend) participation during visits positively influenced the retention rate. Since process variables explained a larger amount of variance in attrition compared to participant characteristics, it is reasonable to focus on the intervention processes when trying to reduce attrition.     

Internet Connectedness and its Social Origins: An Ecological Approach to Postaccess Digital Divides

This study examines the influence of sociocultural factors on the level of “Internet connectedness.” The Internet Connectedness Index (ICI), composed of five items, is modified and applied to measure disparities in the ways in which people use the Internet. With a dataset of 384 randomly selected telephone survey respondents, the ICI is regressed on various social indicators. The result indicates that technological environments, social environments, and the scope and intensity of Internet-related goals significantly influence individuals' Internet connectedness. This finding highlights that even after people gain access to the Internet, the ways they incorporate the Internet into their everyday lives differ, and that the differences reflect disparities in the multiple dimensions of the social context in which individuals are situated.     

Predicting On-Line Catalog Terminal Needs

Abstract

To determine if research findings from large academic, research libraries on the number of public access terminals needed apply to smaller libraries, the author compared results of a study done at a large research institution to one done at a mid-sized university. The data were different. This is important because the active automation market is currently thriving at smaller libraries, not larger ones, and because environment/size does seem to be critical to the consideration of automation parameters. Thus, smaller libraries should establish their own parameters and employ models generated at large institutions only as a general recipe.