Motives,attitudes and approaches to studying in distance education

This study investigated the relationships between demographic characteristics, motives and attitudes to studying, self-reported study behaviour and measures of outcome. Students taking courses by distance learning received a postal survey containing a short form of the Motivated Strategies and Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ) and the Revised Approaches to Studying Inventory (RASI). Path analysis was used to assess the causal relationships among 395 students’ age, gender and prior qualifications, their scores on the MSLQ and the RASI and their marks. Evidence was obtained for the causal efficacy of most of the paths among the main components. In particular, the causal link between variations in students’ motives and attitudes and variations in their study behaviour is bidirectional.     

消费时代的女性身体美学刍议

对于女性而言,身体美学的现实意义无比重大。在消费社会,时尚的女性们,她们美丽的身体正遭受来自他人和自己的无形戕害。她们塑造并经营着身体美学,展示着美丽的风景,而这些风景背后无非是商业的机巧。在消费文化语境下,媒体对女性身体美学的热望总离不开男性视点。女性身体美学沦落为美丽的商品,沦落为大众媒介的欲望化对象,为他人制造视觉快感。被时尚耳提面命的女性身体,无法伸展原有的自然美丽,而受困于大众文化语境。     

语境与幽默

幽默在社会活动中具有高效、强力的交际功能。随着社会交际的发展,人们越来越认识到幽默在社会交际中的重要性。语言的幽默性,在于其言外之意。言外之意的体现,离不开语境。本文从语言语境和非语言语境两个方面,利用语用学的观点和方法,来分析幽默语言的信息构成和幽默与语境的关系,探讨幽默语言创作的一些规律性的方法和原则。     

多元函数极值的一种新方法

通过一元函数求极值的方法，介绍了多元函数求极值的一种新方法，即利用梯度及内积，可简便地计算多元函数的极值。     

弹性力学中混合变量的能量原理

建立了弹性力学中混合变量的虚功原理和虚余功原理,混合变量的最小势能原理和最小余能原理,混合变量最小势能的广义原理和最小余能的广义原理。同时,应用混合变量的最小势能原理于计算一复杂边界条件矩形板的弯曲。     

Solving arithmetic problems in first and second language: Does the language context matter?

Learning mathematics in a second language is a challenge for many learners. The purpose of the study was to provide new insights into the role of the language context in mathematic learning and more particularly arithmetic problem solving. We investigated this question in a German–French bilingual educational setting in Luxembourg. Participants with increasing bilingual proficiency levels were invited to solve additions in both their first and second instruction languages: German and French. Arithmetic problems were presented in two different conditions: preceded by a semantic judgment or without additional language context. In the French session we observed that additions were systematically performed faster in the condition with an additional language context. In contrast no effect of the context was observed in the German session. In conclusion, providing a language context enhanced arithmetic performances in bilinguals' second instruction language. This finding entails implications for designing optimal mathematic learning environments in multilingual educational settings.     

试从来源功能和影响功能看外语学习动机变量

20世纪90年代以来,外语学习动机的研究领域大大扩展,对过去的动机理论已经提出了很多引发外语学习者学习的动机变量.动机变量间的关系可从来源和影响的角度来论述,并可从这两方面探讨教学中教师用以提高学习者动机的策略.     

比较文学概念的语言分析及五种相关学科概念的界分

把“比较文学”在字面的意义上误读为“文学比较” ,这不仅存在于当下中国汉语比较文学界 ,即使在国际比较文学界也是一种由来以久的现象。为了准确地定义比较文学 ,我们还可以把比较文学与其他四种相关学科概念进行参照从而明确这一点。讨论民族文学、国别文学、总体文学与世界文学这四个学科概念的外延与内涵 ,这对于进一步明确比较文学的学科特征、学科意识和学科界限有着重要的学理意义。     

副言辞语境与口语话语

近年来,对语境的研究逐渐成为语言学领域中的热点,但副言辞语境却经常被人们所忽略。事实上,副言辞语境在语 言交际,尤其是口语会话中有着不可忽视的重要作用。其主观要素和客观要素两个方面在口语会话中都有具体而广泛的运用,这 充分表明了副言辞语境在口语交际中的重要性。     

大学知识创新行为的经济实质和特征

学术界对大学在知识创新中的作用已经形成了共识，但是对于大学科研和教学作为一个系统如何参与经济过程，与经济中知识的流动和增殖有怎样的关系等问题还缺乏深入的分析，本文试图从此角度作一探讨。文章把知识生产和知识传播作为经济发展的内生变量，并总结了大学知识创新的特征、分析了知识创新与大学组织变革的关系以及约束条件。