悬浮液进样-火焰原子吸收光谱法测定怀地黄中的铜

介绍了一种悬浮液进样火焰原子吸收光谱法（FAAS）测定怀地黄中铜的方法。以琼脂为悬浮剂将粉碎、过筛的怀地黄样品均匀、稳定地悬浮于琼脂溶胶中,直接喷入空气-乙炔火焰中,采用标准加入法测定,省去了以往繁琐的样品化学前处理过程,解决了因操作环节多,被测元素丢失或污染所引起的分析误差。用该法测定怀地黄样品,并与湿法消化法对照,获得满意结果。该方法简便、快速,准确,可以代替湿法消化法。     

重金属铜、锌、铅对苦荞种子萌发的影响

铜（Cu）、锌（Zn）、铅（Pb）都是土壤重金属污染源,对土壤、植物、动物及人体产生巨大危害。本文以苦荞种子为实验材料,研究经不同浓度硫酸铜、硫酸锌和乙酸铅催芽后的苦荞种子发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数和活力指数的变化情况。结果表明：当硫酸铜、乙酸铅浓度大于100 mg/L时,苦荞种子发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数均会受到不同程度的抑制,不同浓度硫酸锌对苦荞种子的发芽率、发芽势及发芽指数均无影响。经3种不同浓度重金属盐催芽后的苦荞种子,幼苗胚根平均长度和种子的活力指数均随着重金属盐浓度的增加而降低,且三种重金属盐对其抑制效果的大小顺序为硫酸铜〉乙酸铅〉硫酸锌。     

铜锌铁清料法加工皮蛋的比较研究

在用NaOH清料法直接加工皮蛋过程中,采用了CuSO4·5H2O 、ZnSO4·7H2O和FeSO4·7H2O三种微量辅料,并对单独或混合使用这些微量辅料加工溏心皮蛋的优劣进行了比较. 研究表明,当用NaOH代替Na2CO3和CaO直接加工皮蛋时,“铜法”、“铜锌混合法”和“铁锌混合法”效果最优,“锌法”对加工时间要求严格且效果略次,“铁法”不能成功.     

Ag纳米线熔化过程的计算模拟

利用分子动力学方法模拟了Ag纳米线的熔化和过热,模拟中采用了一种镶嵌原子势模型.结果表明：自由Ag纳米线的熔点比大块Ag的平衡熔点低,而被高熔点的Ni包覆的Ag纳米线的熔点比Ag的平衡熔点高,即有过热存在.这说明纳米线也可以过热,分析其原因是由于Ag/Ni半共格界面的存在抑制了熔化的形核和生长.     

Spatial distribution of Cd and Cu in soils in Shenyang Zhangshi Irrigation Area （SZIA）, China

Heavy metal contamination of soils, derived from sewage irrigation, mining and inappropriate utilization of various agrochemicals and pesticides, and so on, has been of wide concern in the last several decades. The Shenyang Zhangshi Irrigation Area (SZIA) in China is a representative area of heavy metal contamination of soils resulting from sewage irrigation for about 30 years. This study investigated the spatial distribution and temporal variation of soil cadmium (Cd) and copper (Cu) contamination in the SZIA. The soil samples were collected from the SZIA in 1990 and 2004; Cd and Cu in soils was analyzed and then the spatial distribution and temporal variation of Cd and Cu in soils were modeled using Kriging methods. The results show that long-term sewage irrigation had caused serious Cd and Cu contamination in soils. The mean and the maximum of soil Cd are markedly higher than the levels in second grade standard soil (LSGSS) in China, and the maximum of soil Cu is close to the LSGSS in China in 2004 and is more than the LSGSS in China in 1990. The contamination magnitude of soil Cd and the soil extent of Cd con- tamination had evidently increased since sewage irrigation ceased in 1992. The contamination magnitude of soil Cu and the soil extent of Cu contamination had evidently increased in topsoil, but obviously decresed in subsoil. The soil contamination of Cd and Cu was mainly related to Cd and Cu reactivation of contaminated sediments in Shenyang Xi River and the import of Cd and Cu during irrigation. The eluviation of Cd and Cu in contaminated topsoil with rainfall and irrigation water was another factor of temporal-spatial variability of Cd and Cu contamination in soils.     

关于CuS在浓盐酸中溶解性的分析与讨论

以硫化钠为原料制备硫化铜,试验其在不同浓盐酸中的溶解性,并对实验现象和所得结论做出合理的解释。     

火焰原子吸收法测定佛手瓜中钙镁铜锌

研究了用火焰原子吸收法测定佛手瓜中钙、镁、铜、锌等元素的方法。佛手瓜样品经湿法消化处理后,在最佳仪器条件下,对上述元素进行测定,钙、镁、铜和锌的回收率分别为98．9％、98．0％、97．1％及103．2％,相对标准偏差为0．34－1．40％。     

反催化动力学光度法测定痕量铜

研究了铜阻抑过硫酸钾氧化甲基红褪色反应;应用动力学光度法原理测定铜条件.试验表明,在酸性介质中,其体系灵敏度提高,建立了反催化动力学光度法测定铜最佳测定条件,即过硫酸钾溶液(0.01mol/ml)7ml;无水乙醇6ml:磷酸溶液(1mol/L)0.5ml:甲基红溶液(0.5mmol/L)5ml,其检出限量为8.349×10~(12)g/mL:线性范围0.01—0.08μg/25ml.方法选择性高,一定量的常见离子不干扰测定.可用于测定发样、水样和豆样中的铜.     

DNA对纳米CeO2线类氧化酶活性的影响

采用水热法合成纳米CeO₂线,使用透射电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪和拉曼光谱仪对其进行表征。使用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪和紫外可见分光光度计对DNA与纳米CeO₂线的相互作用进行分析,然后采用紫外可见分光光度法研究DNA对纳米CeO₂线类氧化酶活性的影响,并对体系进行pH影响以及特异性实验研究。结果表明,DNA抑制纳米CeO₂线的类氧化酶活性,这种抑制作用具有特异性。此工作将使纳米CeO₂得到进一步的实际应用。     

电镀污泥中铜镍的综合回收

通过对电镀污泥的不同实验,探索一条较低品位的铜镍再生资源综合回收途径,富集的海绵铜Cu 50%,粗碳酸镍Ni7%,为公司的30万吨再生铜提供原料支撑。