Antecedents of corporate spin-offs in Spain: A resource-based approach

We explore the antecedents of corporate spin-offs for a sample of 3462 Spanish firms between 1992 and 2002. Using a resource-based approach, we identify three reasons firms engage in spin-offs: (a) to create complementarities, (b) to appropriate residual rents, and (c) to focus on the core business. Specifically, we find that spin-offs are more common among firms that belong to a group able to create networks and new knowledge that can be exploited through spin-offs. In addition, we find that spin-offs are more frequent in firms that wish to exploit strategic advantages achieved through knowledge investments and in firms that increase efforts to the focus on the parent firm's core competences.     

Corporate governance and technological dynamism of Chinese firms in mobile telecommunications: A quantitative study

This paper sets out two frameworks, one for measuring static and dynamic technological capability in developing countries, one for predicting the effects on this of finance and corporate governance characteristics, and applies them together to Chinese mobile telecommunications manufacturing. Hypotheses on the effect of access to finance, ownership type and other corporate governance factors on capability are generated and tested on survey data for this industry. It is found that ownership type matters, but government's influence over management selection, matters more. Semi-privatised firms with arms-length relationships to government are most dynamic.     

基于环境视角的企业信用治理问题研究

当前，如何构建企业信用体制已经成为理论界的热点问题。本文认为信用体制的构建必须从企业经营环境的治理着手。任何一种制度。都伴随着经营者的理性选择，而当今企业的失信，很大程度上就是对现存环境的最优理性反应，这可以说就是我们制度的悲哀。本文对此进行了深入分析，并提出了相关的治理措施。     

How changes in work structure influence employees’ perceptions of CSR: millionaire managers and locked-out laborers

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is widely understood as the various activities corporations engage in to meet stakeholder demands and demonstrate fit in society. Often employees are positioned as the beneficiaries of corporate largesse and worker recruitment and retention are offered as rationale for CSR activities. The voice of the employee, however, is noticeably missing from the CSR literature. This study uses a case study approach to explore how locked-out union workers define CSR. We conducted 51 semi-structured interviews and analyzed 27 secondary data sources. The results suggest that workers fuse together economic and ethical responsibilities to develop a portrait of their employer's CSR. Workers defined CSR as an economic/ethical responsibility that is intimately tied to a set of explicitly and implicitly communicated values. Our analysis exposed four additional dimensions that informed employees’ understanding of CSR: reciprocity, fair treatment, economic justice, and organizational structure. Propositions for future research and practical implications are offered based on the findings.     

公共图书馆法人治理结构现状调研及思考

建立法人治理结构是21世纪以来我国公共图书馆管理的一项新举措,各地图书馆按照相关要求进行调研和论证,有些图书馆已进入实施阶段。本文采用文献调研、问卷调查和实地考察等方法,对全国各省、市、县图书馆的法人治理结构现状进行调研。发现全国公共图书馆法人治理结构的建立及运行存在以下障碍:改革缺乏立法层面的依据;政府与图书馆权责不清;理事会定位及作用存疑。公共图书馆法人治理结构可从以下方面进行完善:尽快推动《公共图书馆法》出台,并重视后续的修订和完善工作;确定理事会的决策地位,明确政府与公共图书馆的权责关系;构建专业委员会,完善决策支撑体系;推进管理运行公开化,构建社会评价监督机制。中国图书馆学会应在全国公共图书馆法人治理结构的建立和完善方面发挥积极作用。     

企业收缩性资本运营的理论基础

企业收缩性资本运营除了一般的动因以外，还有深刻的理论基础。交易费用理论认为，一个企业的资产特定性越低，该企业就应进行适当的分立；新产权理论认为，企业资产互为独立时，分立是最优行为；信息技术影响论认为，当信息技术使得一些资产更具“柔性”而很少被有形资产“套牢”时，它将有助于资产所有权的分散；公司规模不相关理论认为。若中间品的交易效率超过劳动力的交易效率，公司规模和经营范围就会随个人专业化水平的提高和生产活动范围的减小而缩小；企业寿命周期理论认为，若一家公司超过了最优规模，可通过剥离来进行回归，若不进行更新，公司最终就会衰退以至消亡．     

企业社会责任视角下的残疾人就业问题研究

具有劳动能力的残疾人在寻找工作的过程中付出了超乎寻常的艰辛努力,但是他们却往往是人力资源开发与管理中被忽视的成分。他们就业的效率与质量的状况不仅关乎整个社会经济、政治和文化的发展,而且直接影响着残疾人事业的正常发展和和谐社会的构建。企业作为用工主体有相应社会责任与社会义务在政府的指导下建立配套帮扶措施,善待残疾人,积极吸纳他们就业。     

完善我国企业制度，促进企业和谐发展

本文对市场经济条件下我国国有企业与非国有企业两类企业制度的状况进行了分析,提出了根据我国国情,在我国国有企业建立资本高关切度机制,完善权力利益制衡机制,和在非国有企业建立权力利益制衡机制的思路,以期促进我国企业的发展与和谐环境的构建。     

企业社会责任、质量伦理与战略

质量管理本身的意义在于强化生产过程中的质量控制。但在质量信任危机的今天,一般的质量管理已经显得十分乏力,这既有质量信息不对称的原因,也有企业社会责任缺失的缘故。仅仅强调质量管理技术和制度是不够的,还需要从伦理上和战略上强化质量管理。在企业社会责任与伦理的基础上提出企业质量伦理战略,强调企业社会责任表现。这一战略可能是产品质量信息不对称下的最优选择,有助于构建高成本壁垒,提升企业经营的正当性,有利于形成差异化竞争,树立企业品牌。     

Identities for Sale: How the Tobacco Industry Construed Asians,Asian Americans,and Pacific Islanders

Previous research has substantiated the targeting of various demographic subgroups by the tobacco industry through marketing practices. However, relatively little research has examined targeting of Asians and Pacific Islanders. Based on prior tobacco document research citing the use of identity-based marketing strategies, a content analytic scheme was developed to assess if these strategies were applied to the Asian and AAPI populations. The study was grounded in social identity theory and optimal distinctiveness theory paradigms in order to develop a coherent analytic framework. Keyword searches of documents were conducted and a random sample of the documents of interest was drawn. These data suggest that the tobacco industry targeted Asians and Pacific Islanders in the United States and abroad via interpersonal and commercial communication tactics. These strategies were carefully orchestrated and employed as a result of sophisticated analyses of the social identities and value systems of the source culture populations. Barriers to reaching this culturally and linguistically heterogeneous market were overcome via the construct of collectivism. At the same time, more Westernized Asians were targeted via advertisements that blended a hybrid Western style identity. For both source and immigrant cultures, the industry attempted to facilitate identity construction and maintenance through smoking.