形近字简化分化过程的探讨

关于形近字的形成原因，有人认为是汉字演变过程中分化与简化的结果，但没有较详细的论证。笔者以现代汉字中的一些形近字为对象，分析了几十组彼此间有音义关系或是有造字义联系的形近字，并探讨了其形成的过程，以期揭示一些由汉字分化与简化形成的形近字的成因，给汉字研究和汉字教学提供一些参考资料。     

Rethinking researcher–teacher roles and relationships in educational action research through the use of Nel Noddings’ ethics of care

ABSTRACT

Action research approaches have evolved out of a criticism of previous research traditions, where teachers have been seen as research objects, at risk of being marginalized. Such approaches have also arisen out of the view that teaching, learning, and educational research are interrelated. In action research, teachers are seen as professionals, raising their status to subjects, conducting own research. The research is carried out with or by people rather than on someone, which changes the roles and relationships. Ethical dilemmas can arise, especially evident in action research, where the distinctions between researcher and researched are blurred or removed altogether. This paper aims to explore the changing roles and relationships between researchers and teachers in action research through a philosophical analysis based on the writings of Nel Noddings, especially the concept of ethics of care. The analysis creates an opportunity for a rethinking of researcher–teacher roles, focusing on responsibility and knowledge as well as reciprocity and communication. Based on the author’s own action research experiences, various dilemmas are discussed. Obstacles to and opportunities for developing caring relationships between researchers and teachers will also be highlighted. The implications of the study include valuing both researcher and teacher expertise and learning to understand each other’s perspectives as well as giving tailored care. It is also vital to find strategies to contextualize and enact these views and beliefs within the researcher–teacher relationship. Neither researchers nor teachers will have total control over the process, as they stay open to each other’s perspectives and needs based on a caring relationship.     

浅谈中学物理新课程实施中教师的缺失及对策

教育部《基础教育课程改革纲要(试行)》的颁布给中小学教师带来了严峻的挑战。本文从综合知识、教学方法、自我教育、培养学生兴趣、及科研能力五个方面论述中学物理新课程实施中教师的缺失,并在此基础上提出相应的对策。     

背景特征视角下农民工的工作-家庭关系比较——以家庭式迁移农民工为例

对由外省以家庭形式迁移至浙江省及以家庭形式在浙江省内跨县（市）迁移的432位农民工进行问卷调查,比较具有不同背景特征的农民工在工作-家庭关系各维度上的差异,并分析差异产生的原因。研究发现,具有不同老人随迁情况、子女留守情况、受教育程度等的农民工在工作-家庭关系的不同维度上存在差异。该研究结果可为相关政府部门、用人单位结合家庭式迁移农民工的背景特征制定有针对性的改善工作-家庭关系的政策提供参考。     

英语逻辑连接词在阅读理解过程中的作用

英语逻辑连接词是连接句内或句子间语义关系的逻辑纽带.逻辑连接词在阅读理解过程中起重要作用--通过逻辑连接词,读者可以了解句内或句子之间的语义关系,甚至可经前句从逻辑上预见后续句的语义,从而提高阅读速度,很快理解阅读材料的语义.     

Does Fidelity of Implementation Account for Changes in Teacher–Child Interactions in a Randomized Controlled Trial of Banking Time?

This study examined fidelity of implementation in a randomized trial of Banking Time, a classroom-based intervention intended to improve children's behavior, specifically for those at risk for developing externalizing behavior problems, through improving the quality of teacher–child interactions. The study sample comes from a randomized controlled trial that took place over three years and included 183 teachers and 470 preschool children recruited across three sites. Results exploring fidelity of implementation indicated that Banking Time practices were present across treatment and nontreatment groups. In addition, the presence of more Positive Banking Time Practices accounted for improvements in teacher–child interactions while Restricted Banking Time Practices showed inconsistent patterns, relating both to positive and negative teacher–child interactions. Further, random assignment to Banking Time resulted in the presence of more Positive Banking Time Practices and fewer Restricted Banking Time Practices, which accounted for the improved teacher–child interactions. Thus, findings point to the critical need to better account for intervention fidelity across conditions in randomized trials, allowing for better understanding of the mechanism through which interventions lead to intended outcomes.     

Positive teacher–student relationships go beyond the classroom,problematic ones stay inside

The authors voice teachers' perceptions of their interpersonal experiences with students in both positive and problematic relationships. Interview data from 28 teachers were examined by coding utterances on teacher and student interactions. Results indicate that teachers defined the quality of the relationship mostly by the level of communion (friendly vs. hostile), instead of by the level of agency (in control vs. powerless). Analyses of mentioned teacher and student behavior show a friendly interactional pattern for positive relationships and a hostile pattern for problematic ones. In teachers' perceptions, positive and problematic relationships also differed in context where encounters take place and topic of talk. Contrary to interactions in problematic relationships, encounters in positive relationships were mostly situated outside the classroom context and conversations during these encounters covered a wide range of topics. Implications for teacher education programs are discussed.     

论高校科研工作要处理好的几个关系

论述在高校权力结构中，科研工作要以学术权力为主导；学术自由是高校科学研究、学术活动和科技创新的根基；教育的内外部关系规律确立了高校科研工作的目标与方针。     

Event triggering power sharing control for AC/DC microgrids based on P -F droop curve method

The power sharing of AC/DC micro-grids is researched in this paper. The proposed strategy mainly include two parts: the primary power event triggering control with secondary control and an adaptive quasi sliding mode voltage control in inner-loop. Firstly, a event triggering power sharing control (ETPSC) based on $P?F$ droop curve is developed to regulate the voltage and frequency of AC and voltage of DC with the aim of the proportional power sharing between AC and DC micro-grids. The triggered threshold of ETPSC can be chosen to decide the transmitted power between AC and DC micro-grids. When the difference power between AC and DC micro-grids is less than the triggered threshold of power flow, there is no power sharing between AC and DC micro-grids, which can less the number of switching the power flow direction and the transmitted line power loss. The ETPSC has a great robust for the disturbances of load and improve the stability of the system. An adaptive quasi-sliding-mode control,which is implemented easily and flexibly with small computational burden and only based on input/output (I/O) measurement data but not the model any more, is used to control voltage in inner-loop. The effectiveness of the proposed control schemes is demonstrated by some numerical simulations and experimental results.