Cumulative childhood trauma and psychological maladjustment of sexually abused children in Korea: Mediating effects of emotion regulation

The purpose of the present study was to identify the mediating effects of emotion regulation on the association between cumulative childhood trauma and behavior problems in sexually abused children in Korea, using structural equation modeling (SEM). Data were collected on 171 children (ages 6–13 years) referred to a public counseling center for sexual abuse in Seoul, Korea. Cumulative childhood traumas were defined on the basis of number of traumas (physical abuse, witnessing domestic violence, neglect, traumatic separation from parent, and sexual abuse) and the severity and duration of traumas. Children were evaluated by their parents on emotion regulation using the Emotion Regulation Checklist and internalizing and externalizing behavior problems using the Korean-Child Behavior Checklist. SEM analyses confirmed the complete mediation model, in which emotion dysregulation fully mediates the relationship between cumulative childhood traumas and internalizing/externalizing behavior problems. These findings indicate that emotion regulation is an important mechanism that can explain the negative effects of cumulative childhood traumas and that there is a need to focus on emotion regulation in sexually abused children exposed to cumulative trauma.     

‘Am I safe here and do you like me?’ Understanding complex trauma and attachment disruption in the classroom

Elementary and special education teachers and school counsellors currently provide support to children presenting learning disabilities and behavioural problems symptomatic of the more hidden diagnosis of complex trauma resulting from abuse or severe attachment disruption. Specific disorders such as attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD) may be diagnosed in such children, but not the aetiology of complex trauma, resulting in missing information in the development of remedial and behavioural interventions. The evolving field of trauma counselling provides important information to special education teachers and school counsellors who work with children who have experienced trauma. In this review article authors Linda O'Neill of the University of Northern British Columbia (UNBC), Francis Guenette who is a doctoral student at the University of Victoria and Andrew Kitchenham of the University of Northern British Columbia summarise attachment, neurobiological, and complex trauma research that can be used in school settings to understand better the needs of these children. They conclude by suggesting that teachers and school counsellors would benefit from training on the consequences of childhood trauma and attachment disruption to develop interventions that will be effective and to identify what types of behaviours children can control and those they cannot.     

过度运动与肾脏

在过度运动的状态下,肾脏自由基代谢增强,肾小球基底膜和足细胞足突间裂孔隔膜(slit diaphragm,SD)的结构发生改变,通透性增加。裂孔隔膜的完整性是决定肾小球滤过屏障通透性的关键,已发现有多个足细胞相关分子参与了运动性蛋白尿的生成。阐述过度运动对肾脏损伤的影响,并探讨可能的分子机制与足细胞相关分子(Podocyte associatedmolecules)的关系。     

吉林省部分高校高水平田径运动员运动损伤调查与分析

调查研究了吉林省3所高校中高水平田径运动员的运动损伤情况,对其运动损伤的性质、产生的原因进行分析,结合这些运动员在田径训练与竞赛中的项目、心理特点,总结了田径项目运动损伤发生的一般规律和特点,提出了一些在高校田径训练和竞赛中有效预防和减少运动损伤的措施和建议.     

飞散之伤与爱情灵药--《疾病解说者》中四则婚姻故事的“创伤理论”解读

《疾病解说者》是印裔美籍女作家裘帕?拉希莉斩获普利策小说奖的处女作。本文从作品总共九则短篇故事中抽取四个婚姻故事构成故事环,在利用“飞散”的社会学、人口学意义阐明移民婚姻的病症根源之后,采取“创伤理论”分析“断裂性焦躁”在四个婚姻中的具体症候,并通过解读“飞散”在全球化语境下收获的新意说明新“家园意识”的确立是移民婚姻关系和整体生活恢复健康的最佳方案之一。     

A preliminary mapping of individual,relational, and social factors that impede disclosure of childhood sexual abuse

Uncovering the pathways to disclosures of child sexual abuse (CSA) and the factors influencing the willingness of victims to talk about the abuse is paramount to the development of powerful practice and policy initiatives. Framed as a long interview method utilizing a grounded theory approach to analyze data, the objective of the current study was to provide a preliminary mapping of the barriers to CSA disclosures through an ecological systemic lens, from a sample of 67 male and female CSA adult survivors, all of whom had recently received counselling services. The current project led to the identification of three broad categories of barriers that were each comprised of several subthemes, namely: Barriers from Within (internalized victim-blaming, mechanisms to protect oneself, and immature development at time of abuse); Barriers in Relation to Others (violence and dysfunction in the family, power dynamics, awareness of the impact of telling, and fragile social network); and Barriers in Relation to the Social World (labelling, taboo of sexuality, lack of services available, and culture or time period). This study points to the importance of using a broad ecological framework to understand the factors that inhibit disclosure of CSA, as barriers to disclosure do not constrain solely the victims. Results are discussed in light of their implications for research, prevention and intervention programs, and social policies and media campaigns, as the burden is on the larger community to create a climate of safety and transparency that makes the telling of CSA possible.     

对竞技健美操运动员损伤状况的研究

难度大是竞技健美操的特点之一,为了解并做到及时预防和减少竞技健美操运动员的损伤,对参加冠军赛的前15名运动员进行了调查,结果为准备活动不充分、运动负荷安排不合理、机体疲劳、带伤训练和对损伤方面知识了解不深是造成健美操运动员损伤的主要原因;受伤部位的发生频率依次为脱、踝、腰、膝和足趾;各组织情况依次为韧带、关节和肌肉。     

《息·望·忆》中马汀之创伤记忆

艾薇菊·丹提卡是当代加勒比海美籍黑人女作家,其处女作《息·望·忆》是一部展现了海地女性的血与泪的创伤小说．本文从马汀所遭受的个人创伤和集体创伤两个方面展开论述．一方面,幼年甘蔗林的噩梦在她脑海里挥之不去,女儿的背叛再次将她推进痛苦的深渊;另一方面,杜瓦利艾政府的专制统治和父权文化压制着海地女人,而流亡在外的海地女性遭受着种族歧视．     

大学生课外体育锻炼中自我医务监督之研究

针对现今大学生课外体育锻炼不甚科学、且时有伤病发生的现状进行了分析,提出了大学生课外体育锻炼应进行自我医务监督及科学地制定课外体育锻炼计划的原则。     

青少年三级跳远运动员运动损伤原因分析

笔者对青少年三级跳远运动员运动损伤情况进行了调查。结果显示,损伤多发部位依次为小腿胫骨、足跟部、膝关节、踝关节、腰部等,伤病种类以疲劳性骨膜炎、挫伤、软组织损伤、肌肉拉伤居多,与三级跳远的项目特点及青少年身体发育特点密切相关。笔者就此做了较为细致的分析,认为局部负荷过大、技术动作合理性差、专项化程度过高、过早等是伤病发生的主要原因,训练的科学化程度对青少年运动员显得更为重要。本文还就如何采取有效措施预防或减少伤病的发生提出了建议。