透视"韩、元"与宦官之交往

韩愈、元稹同为中唐诗文领袖和政坛风云人物,他们在政治上成长的过程中均曾向宦官或借势或借力。但他们与宦官的交往行为是前后严重矛盾的。透过这种行为,我们可以看到中唐庶族文人正在形成的“重利轻义”的人生价值观。     

The role played by courts in promoting equal educational opportunity reforms: New York and São Paulo cases

The aim of the current study is to analyze the right to education in Brazil and in the United States, based on the role played by courts in promoting educational reforms to provide equal educational opportunities. The research investigated two selected cases: New York, U.S., and São Paulo, Brazil. With respect to the use of courts as policymaking mechanism, it is essential highlighting that courts are one of the institutions used to demand rights; however, it is not the only or best way because it has high cost and takes long time to produce the desired effects.     

Parental cognitive impairment and child maltreatment in Canada

Objectives

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of parental cognitive impairment in cases opened for child maltreatment investigation in Canada, and to examine the relationship between parental cognitive impairment and maltreatment investigation outcomes including substantiation, case disposition and court application.

Methods

The method was secondary analysis of the Canadian Incidence Study of Child Abuse and Neglect (CIS-2003) core-data, which is derived from a multi-stage stratified cluster sample of 11,562 child maltreatment investigations.

Results

Parental cognitive impairment was noted in 10.1% of sampled cases that were opened for child maltreatment investigation in 2003, and in 27.3% of sampled cases that resulted in child welfare court application. Neglect was the most common cause of concern. With child and case characteristics held constant, parental cognitive impairment predicted investigation outcomes. The data further suggest that the relationship between parental cognitive impairment and investigation outcomes was partially mediated by perceived parent non-cooperation, mental health issues and low social support.

Conclusions

The number of children who are living with a parent with cognitive impairment and who are referred for protective services is thought to be increasing. Building systems capacity to support parents with cognitive impairment and promote child wellbeing is therefore essential to containing the human and economic costs of maltreatment and out-of-home care.

Practice implications

A broad-spectrum approach is needed to support parents with cognitive impairment and their children. Equipping services with the knowledge, skills, and mandate they need to deliver evidence-based parent training is vital. However, strategies are also needed to tackle discrimination, alleviate family poverty, strengthen the social ties of parents with cognitive impairment and in turn, improve the life chances of their children.     

浅析唐代宦官专权的演变及其原因

中唐以后,由于宦官势力的极大发展,导致专权局面的形成。唐代宦官专权具有明显的阶段性,其演变的轨迹历经萌芽期、形成期、发展期、衰亡期四个发展阶段。其实现的途径往往通过对相权与皇权等中枢权力的渗透与掌控上。它是安史之乱后,皇帝猜忌臣下、统治集团的分裂与矛盾加剧,更为重要的是宦官控制了中央赖以存续的武力基础——神策军等因素的必然结果。     

国际法院“科索沃案”进展及影响

科索沃临时自治政府于2008年2月17日单方面宣布独立,世界各国或谴责或承认,反应不一.2009年12月7日,中国代表团参加国际法院"科索沃临时自治政府单方面宣布独立是否符合国际法"咨询意见一案的口头程序并陈述我国立场.这是新中国成立以来首次参与国际法院的司法程序,反映了我国作为联合国安理会常任理事国以和平方法积极参与国际事务的意愿.     

美国内战时期萨蒙·P·蔡斯的政治生涯

萨蒙·P·蔡斯,十九世纪美国著名政治家。内战时期出任联邦财政部长,为稳定财政、恢复联邦统一和废除黑奴制作出了贡献。因政治野心过大而声誉受损。1864年被任命为美国最高法院第六任首席大法官。     

Updating a Classic: “The Poisson Distribution and the Supreme Court” Revisited

W.A. Wallis studied vacancies in the US Supreme Court over a 96‐year period (1837–1932) and found that the distribution of the number of vacancies per year could be characterized by a Poisson model. This note updates this classic study.     

国际体育仲裁裁决的撤销

对国际体育仲裁院(CAS)裁决的异议可以上诉至瑞士联邦法院接受其司法审查,有关裁决如果符合《瑞士联邦国际私法》第192(2)条规定的条件之一就可能被撤销,即仲裁庭组成有问题,仲裁庭无权、越权或者拒绝管辖,仲裁侵犯当事人的平等和听证权,或者违反瑞士公共政策。但到目前为止瑞士联邦法院只撤销5例体育仲裁院裁决,其总体上的态度还是支持体育仲裁。     

档案馆诉讼风险防范研究——基于278份裁判文书的实证考察

档案馆所承载的社会职能和应有的社会形象决定了其不宜过多地陷入与他人的诉讼纷争之中.目前我国涉档案馆诉讼案件呈现出逐年递增、案件分布较广和主要以被告身份出庭等特征.基于档案馆自身维度,该类案件发生的缘由主要在于:对诉前矛盾纠纷的化解重视程度不够;缺乏对基本法律法规的了解掌握;因其他主体违约而连带作为被告上法庭;因地方保障...     

兴奋剂检测中使用运动员生物护照的法律问题

随着兴奋剂制造技术的发展,传统的尿检和血检方法已经不能完全检测出某些新型的兴奋剂,因此国际体育界开始采用运动员生物护照技术,根据运动员生物生理指标的变化确定是否服用兴奋剂。该标准已经得到了若干国际体育组织和国家的认可,也得到了国际体育仲裁院的承认。我国未来的兴奋剂检测可以考虑采用该标准,但要首先完善有关的法律法规。在充分保障运动员享有的隐私权、公正裁判权和公平听审权等基本权益的同时,也要对拒绝接受抽样或者错过抽样的运动员给予与兴奋剂阳性结果同等的处罚。尤其是对进行兴奋剂检测或者疑似服用兴奋剂的运动员,在裁决处理过程中要尊重其享有的基本法律权益,这是一般法律原则和国际人权法的要求,而不需要借助具体的法条。