“I Think About It All The Time”: A 12-Year-Old Girl’s Internal Crisis With Racism and the Effects on her Mental Health

I conducted an ethnographic study, situated within the conceptual framework of Critical Race Theory, which illustrates one child’s experiences with racism. The study was conducted in an urban after-school program, and explores issues of racism in both the school and community settings. Utilizing the storytelling aspect of Critical Race Theory, I explore the racial experiences of a 12-year-old African-American girl, and the dichotomous emotions of sadness and anger that emerge. I describe the risk to this child’s emotional well-being, and suggest a need within the mental health field to create a framework to deal with the trauma caused by racism. Amy L. Masko is affiliated with the Grand Valley State University. She is a professor of English Education, preparing pre-service teachers to teach elementary literacy. Dr. Masko’s research interests are in urban education, after school programs, and multicultural education. She is also an educational consultant in the area of diversity in education and literacy education. Address correspondence to Amy L. Masko, Grand Valley State University, 221 Lake Huron Hall Allendale, MI 49401; e-mail: maskoa@gvsu.edu     

Zero‐Slack,Noncritical Paths

The critical path method/program evaluation and review technique method of project scheduling is based on the importance of managing a project's critical path(s). Although a critical path is the longest path through a network, its location in large projects is facilitated by the computation of activity slack. However, logical fallacies in oft‐repeated statements of the relationship between slack and the critical path make it easy to overlook the phenomenon of zero‐slack, noncritical paths. This article points out the fallacies and then describes and illustrates the phenomenon. We conclude with teaching recommendations to avoid suboptimal decisions in reducing project duration.     

知识分子的现代使命--杜维明新儒学思想述评

现代社会的知识分子应该在关切政治、参与社会事务的同时，积极继承发扬传统文化中的精华。面对传统文化在现代所受到的强大挑战，杜维明认为现代新儒家首先就要继承五四知识分子的批判精神，清除糟粕，发扬精华，在吸收国内外各种思想资源的基础上实现传统文化的现代转化。杜维明为现代新儒家知识分子所作的定位在我们看来有其合理之处，同时还存在着一些不足。     

表示劝诱的“たら”和“ば”

日语中条件形的用法历来是学习的重点和难点,亦是考试的热点。本文将从语用学角度比较日语中"たら"和"ば"表示劝诱的用法,通过例句和场景的分析深化学习者对这一语言点的认识和理解,并为教学提供参考。     

Learning to be critically reflective: exploring fiction writing and adult learning

Many educators in adult, community and higher education contexts are concerned with fostering reflective learning amongst their students. This paper explores the concept of critical reflection and considers how engaging with fiction may be an innovative pedagogical approach to support critical learning opportunities. Drawing upon interviews with fiction writers, ways in which critical reflection may be encouraged in connection to reading and writing fiction are taken up by exploring three different thematic areas that relate to a Habermasian framework of knowledge constitutive approaches to learning. These different areas can be categorised as (a) technical-rational, (b) humanistic and (c) critical or emancipatory. The first of these considers critical reflection as a way to develop technical capacities as a creative writer. The next section takes up a humanistic framework to explore the value of individual and collective learning opportunities to enhance personal growth and critical reflection. The third area of discussion considers a deeper critical or emancipatory framework of learning through critical reflection which may lead to social change. The paper concludes by considering the value of arts-informed adult education approaches, such as those related to fiction writing, to enhance the development of critical reflection amongst adult learners.     

Matters of Form: Questions of Race,Identity, Design,and the U.S. Census

This case examines how functionalist approaches manifest culturally based on users’ contexts. The authors conduct a critical visual semiotic analysis of the race and Hispanic origin questions on the 2010 U.S. Census form, demonstrating how incongruities in design potentially harm people. This demonstrates a need for adding critical analyses to design and research and it refocuses the Society for Technical Communication’s value of promoting the public good on to design and documentation in order to fight injustice.     

Instructional methods and languages in class: A comparison of two teaching approaches and two teaching languages in the field of intercultural learning

The article presents the results of a quasi-experimental intervention study with a 2 × 2 factorial design. We implemented a problem-based intercultural learning unit in four secondary schools (grades 9 to 12) and varied the teaching approach (analytical/affective-experiential) and the language of instruction (German/English). The learning unit covered six 45-min lessons and was conducted in nine school courses (n = 143). Five additional school courses (n = 66) served as a control group. In all experimental groups, students engaged with critical incidents. These were either analysed (analytical focus) or acted out as role plays (affective-experiential focus). In addition, students analysed film clips (analytical focus) or participated in a simulation game (affective-experiential focus). The experimental groups outperformed the control group in the post-test, which required the analysis of critical incidents. Both teaching approaches were equally effective; however, students evaluated affective-experiential learning more positively. Using a foreign language for teaching did not impair performance.     

《文心雕龙》与《论衡》谶纬观辨析

谶纬是图谶和纬书的合一,本非一类,谶出现较早,纬起源于西汉末期。《文心雕龙》和《论衡》都表达了对谶纬的看法,却有很大反差。刘勰、王充经学思想的不同是他们谶纬观差异的基础,《文心雕龙·正纬》篇不录王充即缘于此。《文心雕龙》和《论衡》分别着眼于文章写作与"疾虚妄",他们的谶纬观都是超越时代的。     

铁尾矿利用经济分析模型与应用

在技术及选矿工艺等因素的制约下,我国历史上铁矿资源回收率偏低,进而导致了大量铁尾矿的产生。目前,铁尾矿资源回收利用技术及设备问题已基本解决,而且铁精矿价格日益高涨,促使国内铁尾矿资源开发利用的外部条件日益成熟。尤其是在国内外铁矿石价格高企的今天,使得铁尾矿资源开发利用更加具有经济价值和可行性。在借鉴矿床经济品位计算原理的基础上,通过适当的类推及数学极限处理而导出了铁尾矿资源回收再选的经济分析模型。在广泛收集铁矿山相关经营参数及预计未来铁精矿价格走势的基础上,通过计算认为我国铁尾矿资源回收再选的临界品位定在7%是比较经济合理的,并提出了免除铁尾矿资源回收再选的税金及其基建投资贷款利息减半的政策优惠设想。     

Pre-service teachers’ attempts at debating contemporary issues in science education: A case study from Botswana

This paper constitutes an attempt to explore trends, issues and challenges that emerge when three different cohorts of pre-service teachers debate contemporary issues in science education at the University of Botswana. Apart from the author's experience of teaching the course, the impetus for this study also comes from a growing interest in the contemporary literature in the need for teachers who, in the context of globalization and knowledge economy, are ‘self-reforming’ through continually addressing the key issues of their profession. Unfortunately, the current situation is such that this burden of interrogation falls heaviest on teachers, despite their lack of skills in undertaking the task.