关于20世纪中外文学关系研究的梳理与思考

作为一门跨学科研究,20世纪中外文学关系的研究与比较文学、中国现当代文学的学科发展密切相关.该研究方向在发展初期吸收了影响研究的思路和方法,在原始资料的搜集、整理,以及20世纪中外文学的交流和比较研究等方面,取得了相当的成绩,同时也面临着新的挑战,研究者们对影响研究的质疑、关于"20世纪中国文学中的世界性因素"的提出、对"文学性的重申"等,都是试图使20世纪中国文学能以对等的姿态进入世界文学的多元格局中,并以自己的独特创造丰富世界文学,20世纪中外文学关系研究也将在不断的质疑与尝试中,寻求自身的突破与发展.     

A new conceptualization of mega sports event legacy delivery: Wicked problems and critical realist solution

The authors present a new conceptualization of mega sports event legacy delivery, which accounts for the problematic nature of legacy by viewing it as a wicked problem. Research on mega sports event legacy has focused on establishing typologies of legacy, investigating outcomes, and consequences, with limited attention to legacy delivery. The conceptualization of legacy delivery has largely relied on a positive, utopian legacy rhetoric. In contrast, the authors advance the understanding of legacy by proposing a conceptual approach of the legacy delivery process, to enable empirical studies in different contexts to be conducted. Specifically, the authors examine the wicked problem of mega sports event legacy delivery from a Critical Realist perspective, which serves to give meaning and order to this complex process. This conceptualization reveals that legacy delivery is inclusive of deep social structures which underpin different stakeholders’ interpretations and interactions, which produce or limit legacy delivery. The role of social, generative structures as causal mechanisms has not been considered as a way to understand legacy delivery previously. Implications for teaching, research, and practice are discussed to demonstrate the value of this new approach. Importantly, this conceptualization focuses on processes rather than outcomes and encourages the identification of unexpected or unanticipated components of legacy delivery beyond the formal policies and plans designed to create or leverage legacy.     

大面积建成区建筑密度遥感制图产品的精度验证

大面积建成区建筑密度遥感制图产品能够提供土地开发强度与人类居住环境的基础信息,是支撑人居环境研究和土地利用规划的重要数据。全球人类居住区层（global human settlement layer,GHSL）是由欧盟联合研究中心负责的大面积人居环境制图项目,建成区建筑密度遥感制图产品是GHSL重要的组成部分。目前该产品在欧美地区已经完成了GHSL建成区建筑密度遥感制图产品的验证。然而以中国为代表的东亚区域的建筑物形态和城市布局与欧美等区域有较大的差别,有必要在亚洲地区对其进一步验证。以中国的5个典型城市（上海、西安、长春、昆明和乌鲁木齐）大面积单体建筑物分布图为基础,通过聚合分析和邻域关键点搜寻匹配等算法,生成中国建成区建筑密度栅格图像产品作为验证数据,然后通过回归分析等方法,在像元尺度上对GHSL建成区遥感制图产品进行评价验证。结果显示,GHSL建成区建筑密度产品在较低分辨率下可以反映中国地区建筑密度情况,但在较高分辨率下在高值区过高估计密度。本研究可以为中国地区研发建成区建筑面积密度产品提供依据。     

Leveraging microgrants to support capacity-building workshops in low- and middle-income countries for meeting the Sustainable Development Goals

Twenty fifteen marked the year of assessment for the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). The MDGs that achieved the greatest success were those where evidence-based practice (EBP) interventions were implemented. The ability to practice evidence-based medicine is grounded in the creation of and access to medical literature that synthesizes research findings. The role that global health literature played in the success of the MDGs demonstrates that medical libraries and librarians have a role to play in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).Librarians can hold capacity-building workshops that provide instruction on how to access evidence-based literature and also train health professionals to conduct synthesis research. Research findings conducted by in-country health professionals are more likely to address issues being faced by local communities and will afford the possibility of obtaining the necessary evidence-based answers that can then be used to implement policies to resolve public health issues identified in the SDGs.This paper discusses how an international team of librarians leveraged funding from a Medical Library Association/Librarians without Borders/Elsevier Foundation/Research4Life grant to hold a capacity-building workshop in Zimbabwe and follow-up online trainings. The workshop focused on accessing evidence-based resources and conducting synthesis research. Outcomes included the creation and policy implementation of evidence-based knowledge products in alignment with local needs and galvanizing a multisectoral group of key individuals who have gone on to collaborate toward the vision of creating a Zimbabwe innovation hub. Looking ahead, such grants can be leveraged to conduct capacity-building to support knowledge translation and other local training needs.     

我国体育用品制造业国际转移的趋势及动力机制——基于全球生产网络视角

我国体育用品制造业国际转移呈现出网络化、多元化、集群化、主动化的新趋势,其动力来源有三点,一是寻求我国体育用品制造业价值链的重构,二是试图跨越后发国家可能面临的价值链固化的"网络陷阱",三是追逐包括竞争优势和网络权力等隐形收益在内的综合利益最大化。但是,这种自觉行动和主动作为可能受到价值链上端发达国家的阻击。因此,我国体育用品制造业要利用研发设计和品牌营销价值链的发育突破门限效应,积极开展跨境并购和逆向投资活动弥补比较劣势,并逐步回归到研发本土化,利用国内中小体育用品企业构建由自己主导的价值链,以全球布局应对潜在的贸易风险。     

上海建设具有全球影响力的体育资源配置中心内涵研究

结合上海建设体育科技创新平台和国际一流赛事之都的时代背景,展开对上海建设具有全球影响力的体育资源配置中心的内涵研究。文章运用文献资料法、实地调研等定性与定量的研究方法,通过科学界定体育资源配置中心的内涵,构建上海建设具有全球影响力的体育资源配置中心的技术指标,分析上海体育资源配置的现状与存在的问题,探讨上海建设具有全球影响力的体育资源配置中心的契机,设计上海建设具有全球影响力的体育资源配置中心的步骤与目标,提出上海建设具有全球影响力的体育资源配置中心的政策建议与保障机制。     

中国气候对全球气温增暖的响应

近４０年来，在全球气候变暖的背景下，中国气候也有明显的增暖趋势，北部增暖最明显，与全球平均温度变化相似，长江流域变暖不明显．冬季增暖最突出，夏季在部分地区有降温现象．近４０年，全国平均降水量趋于减少，北部减少最明显，中心在华北及山东半岛；长江中上游降水偏丰．表明近期我国气候对全球气温变暖的响应特点，主要表现表式：北方为暖—干型；长江流域为冷—湿型；华南大部为弱暖—干型     

重金属铅的生态效应及其地球化学循环

随着工业化的快速发展,大量工业废弃物的无达标排放到环境中,造成了环境污染.其中重金属污染更是引起了人们的高度重视,很多学者对重金属的生态效应及地球化学循环进行了比较深入、系统的研究.本文仅以重金属铅为例,就近年来国内外学者对其的生态学效应、地化循环研究进行了综述,为以后进一步探讨铅污染问题提供有益的借鉴.     

寒春过后看世界“变暖说”

本文针对目前的热点话题——全球气候变暖,提出了三个疑问：气候真的在异常变暖吗？气候变暖真的有害吗？即便气候真的在异常变暖,主要是人为排放温室气体所致吗？经论证分析,本文认为气候变化是一个还没有定论的科学前沿问题,和政治、经济有关,但应该和公众无关。     

Evaluating effects of atmospheric CO2 on stability of global climate: a cell-to-cell mapping approach

Atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration [CO2], incoming solar radiation and sea ice coverage are among the most important factors that control the global climate. By applying the simple cell-to-cell mapping technique to a simplified atmosphere-ocean-sea ice feedback climate model, effects of these factors on the stability of the climatic system are studied. The current climatic system is found to be stable but highly nonlinear. The resiliency of stability increases with [CO2] to a summit when [CO2] reaches 290 μL/L which is comparable to the pre-industrial level, suggesting carbon dioxide is essential to the stability of the global climate. With [CO2] rising further, the global climate stability decreases, the mean ocean temperature goes up and the sea ice coverage shrinks in the polar region. When the incoming solar radiation is intensified, the ice coverage gradually diminishes, but the mean ocean temperature remains relatively constant. Overall, our analysis suggests that at the current levels of three external factors the stability of global climate is highly resilient. However, there exists a possibility of extreme states of climate, such as a snow-ball earth and an ice-free earth.