考虑装船机联机作业的煤炭出口码头装船作业调度优化

为提高煤炭出口码头作业效率和服务水平,对装船作业调度进行优化。在考虑装船机联机作业的前提下,以最小化煤炭出口码头作业线运行能耗成本和船舶在港时间成本为目标,综合考虑作业流程约束和泊位、垛位和作业线的作业唯一性约束,建立混合整数规划模型,并设计基于仿真解码方案的遗传算法求解。用实例验证模型的可行性和算法的有效性。结果表明,研究成果可为具有工艺流程复杂、装船机联机作业等特点的煤炭出口码头装船作业调度问题提供较好的解决方案。     

The influence of shoe drop on the kinematics and kinetics of children tennis players

This study investigated the immediate effects of reducing the shoe drop (i.e. the difference between the heel and the forefoot height) on the kinematics and kinetics of the lower extremities of children tennis players performing a tennis-specific movement. Thirteen children tennis players performed a series of simulated open stance forehands wearing 3 pairs of shoes differing only in the drop: 0 (D0), 6 (D6) and the control condition of 12?mm (D12). Two embedded forceplates and a motion capture system were used to analyse the ground reaction forces and ankle and knee joint angles and moments of the leading lower limb. In D6 compared with D12, the peak impact force was reduced by 24% (p?=?.004) and the ankle was less dorsiflexed at foot strike (p?=?.037). In D0 compared with D12, the peak impact force was reduced by 17% (p?=?.049), the ankle was less dorsiflexed at foot strike (p?=?.045) and the knee was more flexed at foot strike (p?=?.007). In addition, 4 out of 13 participants (31%) presented a forefoot strike pattern for some of the trials in D0. No difference was observed across shoe conditions for the peak knee extensor moment (p?=?.658) or the peak ankle plantarflexor moment (p?=?.071). The results provide preliminary data supporting the hypothesis that for children tennis players, using a 6-mm lower shoe drop might reduce heel impact forces and thus limit potentially impact-related injuries.     

Effects of load mass carried in a backpack upon respiratory muscle fatigue

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether loads carried in a backpack, with a load mass ranging from 0 to 20?kg, causes respiratory muscle fatigue. Methods: Eight males performed four randomised load carriage (LC) trials comprising 60?min walking at 6.5?km?h^?1 wearing a backpack of either 0 (LC₀), 10 (LC₁₀), 15 (LC₁₅) or 20?kg (LC₂₀). Inspiratory (P_Imax) and expiratory (P_Emax) mouth pressures were assessed prior to and immediately following each trial. Pulmonary gas exchange, heart rate (HR), blood lactate and glucose concentration and perceptual responses were recorded during the first and final 60?s of each trial. Results: Group mean P_Imax and P_Emax were unchanged following 60-min load carriage in all conditions (p?>?.05). There was an increase over time in pulmonary gas exchange, HR and perceptions of effort relative to baseline measures during each trial (p?p?>?.05). Conclusions: These findings indicate that sub-maximal walking with no load or carrying 10, 15 or 20?kg in a backpack for up to 60?min does not cause respiratory muscle fatigue despite causing an increase in physiological, metabolic and perceptual parameters.     

Synthetic and biological studies on a cyclopolypeptide of plant origin

Objective: A natural cyclic peptide previously isolated from Citrus medica was synthesized by coupling oftetrapep-tide units Boc-Leu-Pro-Trp-Leu-Ome and Boc-Ile-Ala-Ala-Gly-Ome after proper deprotection at carboxyl and amino terminals followed by cyclization of linear octapeptide segment.Methods: Solution phase technique was adopted for the synthesis of cyclooctapeptide--sarcodactylamide.Required tetrapeptide units were prepared by coupling of Boc-protected dipeptides viz.Boc-Leu-Pro-OH and Boc-Ile-Ala-OH with respective dipeptide methyl esters Trp-Leu-Ome and Ala-Gly-Ome.Cyclization of linear octapeptide unit was done by p-nitrophenyl ester method.The structure of synthesized cyclopolypeptide was elucidated by FTIR,1H NMR,13C NMR,FABMS spectral data and elemental analysis.The newly synthesized peptide was evaluated for dif-ferent pharmacological activities including antimicrobial,anthelmintic and cytotoxic activities.Results: Synthesis of sarcodac-tylamide was accomplished with >78% yield utilizing dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) as coupling agent.Newly synthesized peptide possessed potent cytotoxic activity against Dalton's lymphoma ascites (DLA) and Ehrlich's ascites carcinoma (EAC) cell lines,in addition to moderate anthelmintic activity against earthworms Megascoplex konkanensis,Pontoscotex corethruses and Eudrilus sp.Moreover,cyclopolypeptide displayed good antimicrobial activity against pathogenic fungi Candida albicans and Gram-negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa,in comparison to standard drugs griseofulvin and ciprofloxacin.Conclusion: Solution phase technique employing DCC and triethylamine (TEA) as base proved to be effective for the synthesis of natural cyclooctapeptide.N-methyl morpholine (NMM) was found to be a better base for the cyclization of linear octapeptide unit in comparison to TEA and pyridine.     

动静载荷耦合作用下岩石破坏过程研究现状

动静载荷耦合作用下岩石破坏过程研究是深部开采等相关岩土工程的应用基础性研究课题.本文对动静载荷耦合作用下岩石破坏过程研究现状进行了分析,并对该领域今后的研究方向进行了探讨.     

多功能动载教学实验平台的研制与开发

从实验装置的研制、实验教学组织等方面介绍了在国内率先构建钢框架多功能动载教学实验平台的实施过程,该项实验研究将最先进的实验设备、最前沿的科技成果和工程中的实际问题引入本科生、研究生教学实验之中,开阔了学生的学术视野,收到良好效果。     

Numerical Calculation of Concrete Slab Response to Blast Loading

In the present paper, a dynamic plastic damage model for concrete has been employed to estimate responses of a reinforced concrete slab subjected to blast loading. The interaction between the blast wave and the concrete slab is considered in 3D simulation. In the first stage, the initial detonation and blast wave propagation is modelled in 2D simulation before the blast wave reaches the concrete slab, then the results obtained from 2D calculation are remapped to a 3D model. The calculated blast load is compared with that obtained from TM5-1300. Numerical results of the concrete slab response are compared with the explosive test carried out-in the Weapons System Division, Defence Science and Technology Organisation, Department of Defence, Australia.     

某空腹式双曲拱桥承载力现场测试与分析

为检验在役双曲拱桥的承载能力与动力特性,对某净跨为36 m空腹式双曲拱桥进行了静载试验、动载试验及空间有限元分析。测试结构的静态应变、动态应变、挠度、自振频率、振型及加速度等结构反应,计算得出冲击系数。将实测结果与有限元结果进行对比分析,结果表明:应变校验系数为0.5~0.9,结构具有较好承载力。实测的各阶频率及相应振型与有限元计算结果比较吻合,桥梁整体竖向刚度较好。     

余热锅炉技术在电炉第四孔除尘系统中应用

探讨新一代热管技术在电炉第四孔除尘系统中的应用,实现了除尘烟气热量的循环再利用、清洁生产和节能降耗,提高了经济效益。     

动载作用下沥青混凝土路面反射裂缝粘弹性响应分析

为研究沥青混凝土路面内部反射裂缝在动态荷载作用下的力学响应,采用ABAQUS有限元软件建立分析模型.通过对沥青混凝土蠕变试验曲线进行非线性拟合,得到Prony级数以赋予模型中面层粘弹性材料属性.基于粘弹性理论、时温等效原理、断裂力学及动力学有限元方法,利用半正弦荷载模拟动荷载作用,以断裂参数J积分以及复合应力强度因子作为裂缝扩展评价指标,对路面反射裂缝在不同车速、不同环境温度以及不同材料阻尼系数等条件下的力学响应进行分析.计算结果表明:反射裂缝断裂参数值随车辆行驶速度的增加而减小;不同结构温度下的断裂参数差异不明显;断裂参数曲线随阻尼比的增大而逐渐后移,且最大值逐渐减小.因此,通过改善车辆行驶条件以提高车辆行驶速度,以及通过改进材料组成来增大沥青混凝土阻尼系数,都能够有效延缓反射裂缝扩展速度,延长路面的正常使用寿命.