孔门弟子未仕原因探析

孔门弟子一向积极用世,崇尚“学而优则仕”。然而,事实上,孔门中也有很多弟子未曾出仕。如颜回、闵子蹇、原宪、公析哀、子夏、子羔、子我等。主要原因是,当时社会政治秩序混乱,不利于或不适合出仕,加之各人个性上的特点,有好几位弟子主动选择了不出仕。另外,孔子本人考虑到几位弟子的个性特点,反对他们出仕。     

浅谈英语专业教师兼任班主任工作

高校专业课教师兼任班主任工作,可以更好地将教书育人结合起来。本文分析了英语专业教师兼任班主任工作的角色定位,及其在学风建设方面的作用,探讨了英语专业教师兼任班主任时,如何更好地将专业教育与德育教育协调统一起来。     

Maximizing modern distribution of complex anatomical spatial information: 3D reconstruction and rapid prototype production of anatomical corrosion casts of human specimens

Anatomical corrosion casts of human specimens are useful teaching aids. However, their use is limited due to ethical dilemmas associated with their production, their lack of perfect reproducibility, and their consumption of original specimens in the process of casting. In this study, new approaches with modern distribution of complex anatomical spatial information were explored to overcome these limitations through the digitalization of anatomical casts of human specimens through three‐dimensional (3D) reconstruction, rapid prototype production, and Web‐based 3D atlas construction. The corrosion cast of a lung, along with its associated arteries, veins, trachea, and bronchial tree was CT‐scanned, and the data was then processed by Mimics software. Data from the lung casts were then reconstructed into 3D models using a hybrid method, utilizing both “image threshold” and “region growing.” The fine structures of the bronchial tree, arterial, and venous network of the lung were clearly displayed and demonstrated their distinct relationships. The multiple divisions of bronchi and bronchopulmonary segments were identified. The 3D models were then uploaded into a rapid prototype 3D printer to physically duplicate the cast. The physically duplicated model of the lung was rescanned by CT and reconstructed to detect its production accuracy. Gross observation and accuracy detection were used to evaluate the duplication and few differences were found. Finally, Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML) was used to edit the 3D casting models to construct a Web‐based 3D atlas accessible through Internet Explorer with 3D display and annotation functions. Anat Sci Educ. © 2012 American Association of Anatomists.     

Automatic generation method of geological cross-sections in dredging engineering based on 3D solid NURBS models

An automatic generation method of geological cross-sections in dredging engineering based on 3D geological solid models is presented.The 3D geological models are built applying the non-uniform rational B-splines(NURBS) technique,and a 2D profile can be calculated and generated automatically through Boolean operation to meet the demands of dredging projects.Moreover,an automatic marking method for geological attributes is put forward based on database technology,and the geological attributes include the profile name,scale,horizontal and vertical relative coordinates,geological lithology,and 2D standard lithology legend.At the same time,the automatic marking method can also provide an interactive mode for geological engineers to edit and modify the profile in the modeling system.Practical engineering applications show that the automatic generation method is a simple,flexible,fast and precise visual graphics rendering process that can create 2D standard profiles automatically and efficiently.This method also provides a convenient support tool for geological engineering digital analysis.     

基于LabVIEW的单目视觉灌装桶口自动检测与定位

灌装桶口的自动检测和定位是自动灌装系统的重要环节,因此求取灌装桶口圆心的三维坐标为控制伺服机构的运动提供了必要前提。以LabVIEW为软件开发平台及其NI Vision Assistant和IMAQ Vision模块,通过相机的标定、图像采集处理、图像的预处理、特征点空间坐标计算,最终得到桶口同心的三维坐标。实验表明,该方法可行、稳定、得到了预期的效果。     

Funding higher education and wage uncertainty: Income contingent loan versus mortgage loan

We propose a simple theoretical model which shows how the combined effect of wage uncertainty and risk aversion can modify the individual willingness to pay for a HE system financed by an ICL or a ML. We calibrate our model using real data from the 1970 British Cohort Survey together with the features of the English HE financing system. We allow for individual heterogeneity by considering different family backgrounds and occupations. We find that graduates from poor families, males and graduates working in the private sector are more willing to pay to switch to an ICL. Using the UK Labour Force Survey we evaluate the distributive effects of our model. We compute the repayment burdens and taxpayer subsidies for average, low and high earnings graduates. The results confirm the important insurance benefits of an ICL compared to a ML, with lower burdens and higher subsidies for poorer graduates.     

Inequality of opportunity for educational achievement in Latin America: Evidence from PISA 2006–2009

We evaluate how far away six Latin American countries stand from a normative goal of equality of opportunity for educational achievement in PISA 2006–2009. We work with alternative characterizations of types: gender, school type (public or private), parental education, and their combinations. Following Checchi–Peragine's (2010) non-parametric method, we find that inequality of opportunity for educational achievement in Latin America ranges from less than 1% to up to 25%, depending on the year, the country, the subject and the specification of circumstances. These magnitudes are substantial with respect to what is found in comparator countries. Parental education and school type prove to be important sources of inequality of opportunity, contrary to gender. By means of sensitivity analyses, while most results show small to moderate variation in terms of magnitudes, in ordinal terms (rankings) they remain quite stable. Brazil stands out as the most opportunity-unequal country of the sample.     

A Comparison of the Painting Style of Zhang Dazhuang, Qi Baishi and Huang Binhong

一个画家绘画风格的形成,除了与其绘画技巧的锤炼与认知的提高有关外,画家的生活经历或经验也会对其艺术风格的形成产生重要影响。张大壮的写意风格介于大写意与小写意之间,并以色彩表现为特色,水色交融,酣畅淋漓,突破了传统文人画的表现形式,形成了自己独特的画风。齐白石的画风直接、外向,具有质朴的农民气质。拓宽了传统文人画的表现领域。黄宾虹的画风倾向于含蓄内省．曲径通幽,有着中国哲学的深邃智慧的关学境界。张大壮、齐白石、黄宾虹3位画家鲜明绘画风格的形成与他们不同的生活经历和审美取向有直接关系。笔者认为研究3位艺术家完全不同的画风及形成原因,非常有意义和价值。     

城市网络电视平台设计规划

网络技术和网络设备的发展普及,尤其是3G技术的发展,为电视节目能够通过网络方式传播并满足观众的个性化观看提供了实现的基础。如何借助网络发展电视业务,提供更形象直观、生动灵活的电视节目也越来越成为各级电视台亟待解决的问题。本文针对城市网络电视平台建设,提出了系统规划的目标、方案、功能等,希望能对城市网络电视平台建设有所参考。     

国外研发平台建设经验及启示

美国、欧盟、日本和韩国研发平台建设的经验主要有：政府高度重视、出台法律制度、宏观布局协调、 重视基础设施、鼓励资源共享、企业主体作用、建立考核机制。在借鉴这些经验的基础上,我国研发平台建设应该加 大资金投入、完善体制、提升平台功能、完善考核体系。