健身操对大学生睡眠质量及情绪的影响

研究健身操锻炼对大学生睡眠与心理的影响。通过对72名大学生在参加健身操锻炼前后的睡眠质量及情绪进行调查分析，结果显示：参加健身操锻炼后的大学生匹兹堡睡眠质量指数与锻炼前相比差异有显著性（P〈0．05），焦虑和抑郁分值显著小于锻炼前（P〈0.05）。表明：中等强度的有氧健身操锻炼能显著提高大学生的睡眠质量，能有效地改善大学生焦虑和抑郁症状，对大学生的心理健康起到积极的作用。     

精神的解脱:《麦克白》中“睡眠”意象分析

莎士比亚在其四大悲剧之一<麦克白>中描述了多个人物角色的睡眠,同时,他也把死亡比喻为睡眠.因此,<麦克白>中的"睡眠"意象具有双层含义:一般意义的"睡眠"以及"死亡".实际上,在该剧中,很多主要人物只能在睡眠中或死亡后得到精神上或心理上的解脱.因此,对该剧中邓肯、麦克白以及麦克白夫人的睡眠进行意象分析可以诠释该剧的悲剧性意义.     

睡眠对大学生成长影响的实证分析

笔者通过一所高职院校的169名学生为期两年的＂抓睡眠,促成长＂实验,以班级人均参加公益活动率、班级人均学习成绩、学习成绩不合格率,班级人均获系级以上（包括系级）体育比赛获奖率、班级参加其它活动人均获得系级以上（包括系级）获奖率,作为学生德、智、体、美考评的依据。结果发现：＂抓睡眠＂对大学生德、智、体、美全面发展,以及心理健康成长有明显的促进作用。     

考研压力对大学生睡眠质量的影响

睡眠是个体正常生活的重要组成部分,其质量的好坏将直接影响到人们的健康水平、生活质量以及工作、学习效率等诸多方面。本研究采用睡眠质量自评量表（SRSS）、艾森克人格问卷（EPQ）,对考研期间的40名四年级在校大学生进行调查。结果表明：（1）考研压力下的大学生在考研前、考研中、考研后的睡眠质量都较差;（2）在考研前、中、后3个阶段,考研学生与不考研学生睡眠质量的差异极其显著（p〈0．001）;（3）考研大学生的睡眠质量与EPQ各维度的相关均不显著。结论：考研大学生的睡眠质量受考研压力这一因素的影响极其显著,而受人格因素的影响不显著。     

大学生心理弹性、应对方式与睡眠质量的关系研究

分析大学生心理弹性对睡眠质量的影响以及应对方式在心理弹性对睡眠质量的影响过程中产生的中介效应。采用问卷法分别对随机选取的206名在校大学生进行心理弹性、应对方式以及睡眠质量状况研究,结果发现,三个变量间两两的相关性极其显著,并且通过Process分析发现,应对方式在心理弹性与睡眠状况之间产生部分中介效应。     

Perceptions of sleep duration,patterns and emotional and behavioural difficulties: a study of Greek adolescents

The study investigated adolescent students’ perceptions of sleep duration and patterns, and the way they relate to emotional and behavioural difficulties. Five hundred and two students from public schools in Greece completed the Sleep Questionnaire and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). It was demonstrated that consistency in sleep duration and quality in sleep patterns were associated with a reduction in adolescents’ reports of emotional and behavioural difficulties. Sleep duration was similarly distributed across gender, while sleep patterns were gender‐specific. Distinct differential effects of gender, sleep duration and patterns to adolescents’ emotional and behavioural difficulties were also found. These findings and their implications for research and practice are discussed, within the scope of the biopsychosocial framework in education.     

国内四省区普通中小学作业情况调查研究

以自编问卷调查北京、山西、四川、澳门四省市的1、3、5、8、11年级学生连续1周的课外作业情况、作息时间及课外活动安排。调查结果显示:学生作业时间严重超标;学生作业类型单一,以记忆、背诵为主的巩固类作业为主;作业主要集中于语文、数学等主要学科,副科几乎没有作业;学生睡眠时间严重不足;中学生每日在校时间大大超过国家规定时间;学生课外活动种类少,室外活动时间偏少,时间安排不合理;学生的作业时间及课外活动时间与地域、学校类型及年级有较大关联,与学生的性别无相关。     

PIC单片机特点及应用时的注意事项

比较了PIC单片机与MCS-51系列单片机的不同，PIC单片机的特点以及应用时的注意事项。对中断、看门狗、程序跑飞等问题的进行了探讨。     

The influence of training load,exposure to match play and sleep duration on daily wellbeing measures in youth athletes

This study assessed the influence of training load, exposure to match play and sleep duration on two daily wellbeing measures in youth athletes. Forty-eight youth athletes (age 17.3 ± 0.5 years) completed a daily wellbeing questionnaire (DWB), the Perceived Recovery Status scale (PRS), and provided details on the previous day’s training loads (TL) and self-reported sleep duration (sleep) every day for 13 weeks (n = 2727). Linear mixed models assessed the effect of TL, exposure to match play and sleep on DWB and PRS. An increase in TL had a most likely small effect on muscle soreness (d = ?0.43;± 0.10) and PRS (d = ?0.37;± 0.09). Match play had a likely small additive effect on muscle soreness (d = ?0.26;± 0.09) and PRS (d = ?0.25;± 0.08). An increase in sleep had a most likely moderate effect on sleep quality (d = 0.80;± 0.14); a most likely small effect on DWB (d = 0.45;± 0.09) and fatigue (d = 0.42;± 0.11); and a likely small effect on PRS (d = 0.25;± 0.09). All other effects were trivial or did not reach the pre-determined threshold for practical significance. The influence of sleep on multiple DWB subscales and the PRS suggests that practitioners should consider the recovery of an athlete alongside the training stress imposed when considering deviations in wellbeing measures.     

The influence of an afternoon nap on the endurance performance of trained runners

The effectiveness of a nap as a recovery strategy for endurance exercise is unknown and therefore the present study investigated the effect of napping on endurance exercise performance. Eleven trained male runners completed this randomised crossover study. On two occasions, runners completed treadmill running for 30?min at 75% ?O_2max in the morning, returning that evening to run for 20?min at 60% ?O_2max, and then to exhaustion at 90% ?O_2max. On one trial, runners had an afternoon nap approximately 90?min before the evening exercise (NAP) whilst on the other, runners did not (CON). All runners napped (20?±?10?min), but time to exhaustion (TTE) was not improved in all runners (NAP 596?±?148?s vs. CON 589?±?216?s, P?=?.83). Runners that improved TTE after the nap slept less at night than those that did not improve TTE (night-time sleep 6.4?±?0.7?h vs. 7.5?±?0.4?h, P?r^{2 ?} =??0.76, P?=?.001). In runners that improved TTE, ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) were lower during the TTE on NAP than CON compared to runners that did not improve (?0.4?±?0.6 vs. 0?±?0, P?=?.05). Reduced exercising sense of effort (RPE) may account for the improved TTE after the nap. In conclusion, a short afternoon nap improves endurance performance in runners that obtain less than 7?h night-time sleep.