Problem solving in mathematics: the significance of visualisation and related working memory

The importance of educational psychologists’ (EPs’) skills to the formulation of evidence-based educational strategies, as well as in response to learning difficulties, is demonstrated here in relation to mathematical problem solving. Initiatives to improve the link between mathematical skills from school to everyday life have drawn significantly on problem solving tasks. Through critical evaluation of research, the relevance of visualisation methods and working memory to problem solving is considered within this article. Studies suggest that differences exist in the effectiveness of particular visualisation methods, but that training can improve their utility and thereby problem solving performance. Additionally, differences between individuals and contexts can influence visualisation use, and some pupils experience specific difficulties in this area. Recommendations are made to enhance the teaching of visualisation as a strategy for problem solving, and to support those pupils with specific difficulties.     

What characterizes children nominated as gifted by teachers? A closer consideration of working memory and intelligence

Teacher nominations are often used in school settings to identify gifted children. However, although high intelligence is part of almost all definitions of giftedness, prior research has consistently shown that not all children nominated as gifted by teachers have high intelligence. In order to further understand the characteristics of these students, we herein explore the role of another cognitive construct, namely working memory (WM). In a sample comprising N = 81 fourth graders, both WM and intelligence showed the same predictive value for characterizing teacher-nominated gifted children, pointing to the importance of the thus-far-unattended WM for characterizing these students.     

分数跳－扩散模型的标准回望期权定价

文章以看涨期权为例探讨了分数跳－扩散模型的标准回望期权定价问题,其中 H∈（12,1）,并给出了定价公式。     

论经验性的作者*--从神学诗学角度下的探讨

神学诗学对文学的考察一直颇受学界的关注。从神学诗学中的时间概念入手,首先通过“经验性”这一特质来说明作者存在的局限性,然后引入“记忆”的概念着重探讨作者的经验性,最后通过对文学作品《追忆似水年华》中的经验性层面的呈现来更好地论证作者的经验性。对作者之为“经验性的人”的论证,有利于更好地去把握文本的内在意蕴。     

Relationship of executive functioning and memory to autism symptomology and adaptive functioning: Implications for reducing future underemployment

Understanding the relationship between executive functioning and its connection to working memory and adaptive functioning can inform planning and employment efforts. This study explored the relationship between memory and adaptive functioning with a sample of Autistic youths/young adults. Participant mean age was 21.3 (SD = 3.0). Of the 22 participants, 17 were male, and 19 white, non-Hispanic/Latina/o/x. All but one lived with their parent(s). Participants were administered a full battery assessing cognitive ability (WAIS-IV), memory and executive functioning (WMS-IV and DKEFS), autism symptomatology (ADOS-II), and adaptive functioning (SIB-R). A multivariate lasso regression model was used. Memory, especially as measured on the WMS-IV, was found to be significantly related to adaptive functioning and autism symptomatology. There appears to be continuing evidence that memory is highly related to adaptive functioning and autism symptomatology. Interventions involving auditory and immediate memory could be helpful in promoting more mutually effective social interactions necessary for positive employment outcomes.     

城市画像视角下的政务社交媒体资源保存研究

【目的/意义】从城市画像视角切入,分析政务社交媒体资源保存路径,以期为建设城市画像档案库和改善 城市面貌提供有力支撑,辅助城市治理和发展。【方法/过程】利用文献综述法和对比分析法,从政务社交媒体资源 保存的项目实践研究和试验研究2个方面分别介绍国内外政务社交媒体资源保存的研究概况,并从理论和实践维 度进行述评,在此基础上探究城市画像视角下的政务社交媒体资源保存。基于城市画像视角,从制度、信息和技术 层面开展政务社交媒体资源保存路径分析,发掘政务社交媒体资源保存问题。【结果/结论】从制度、信息和技术层 面提出保障措施,为城市画像视角下的政务社交媒体资源保存提供支撑。【创新/局限】只分析了城市画像视角下的 政务社交媒体资源保存路径,而未对相关路径进行验证。     

城市体育文化记忆的内涵、特征及类型

城市体育文化记忆是城市体育文化历史和传统的继承、延续及其发展的内在机制,是城市体育文化 基因遗传进化的通道,具有丰富的内涵、重要的理论价值和实践意义;其特征是文本性与诠释性共存、记 忆与遗忘的互动、持续性与重构性相溶;基本类型有口语类、智力类、记录类、实物类、实践类等。     

上海民俗体育“舞草龙”文化失忆与记忆重构

梳理"舞草龙"文化记忆与失忆的历史脉络,分析其失忆的原因,并结合上海松江城镇文化建设与生态建设,推动"舞草龙"文化记忆重构;以"文化失忆与记忆理论"为分析视角,采用实地调查和结构式访谈等方法对上海民俗体育"舞草龙"进行个案研究;结果表明:造成"舞草龙"文化失忆的原因有异质文化的冲击;都市化、城镇化侵占了"舞草龙"文化的生态空间;"时尚娱乐主义"和"科技产品"占据着市民的休闲时间;教育失范带来的挑战等方面的原因。在建设新型城镇化过程中,学校教育、城镇文化建设以及地区生态建设都将是促成"舞草龙"文化记忆重构的重要因素。     

论传统武术对个体心理因素的影响

文章运用文献资料和专家访谈等研究方法,从心理学、运动训练学等角度对传统武术运动与心理发展的关系及其影响进行分析、研究,结论认为:传统武术运动对个体的感知觉、表象、思维、记忆及意志等五个心理因素均有积极的影响。     

BDNF介导运动对脑高级功能——学习记忆能力的促进作用

对BDNF在运动促进学习记忆能力过程中的作用进行综述，并探讨其可能的机制。研究认为，体育运动有助于学习记忆能力的提高，其机制之一可能是运动加强海马等与学习记忆相关脑区BDNF mRNA表达，使BDNF含量增加。BDNF在学习记忆过程中起重要的调控作用。BDNF主要作用于TrkB受体，可能经MAPK和IP3-K信号途径，易化神经递质合成与释放，增强突触传递效能，从而对学习记忆起到促进作用。