解释学与解构论的相遇——H.-G.伽达默尔与卡斯腾·杜特对谈录

20世纪 60年代以来 ,哲学解释学和解构论的各自发展及其相互诘难构成了欧陆最有意味的理论景观。本文采用哲学解释学所倡导的对话形式 ,由其标志性理论家伽达默尔在对谈者杜特的问辩下清理了解释学与解构论的错综复杂。其中关于意义、真理、古典以及艺术体验中驻留、返回的讨论读来备感亲切和启迪 ,因为 ,这些也是存在于我们古老传统且至今仍纠缠着我们的理论难题     

Dewey,Derrida, and the genetic derivation of différance

My article is a rejoinder to Gert Biesta’s, ‘“This is My Truth, Tell Me Yours”. Deconstructive pragmatism as a philosophy of education.’ Biesta attempts to place Jacques Derrida’s deconstruction in ‘the very heart’ of John Dewey’s pragmatism (710). My article strives to impress Deweyan pragmatism in the heart of Derridian deconstruction. It does so by offering Dewey’s denotative, naturalistic, empirical perspectivalism as an alternative to Derrida’s anti-empirical quasi-transcendentalism for understanding otherness and difference. The first section of my article shows Biesta offers a catastrophically mistaken and confused argument. The second section imprints Deweyan pragmatism in the heart of Derrida’s deconstruction. Dewey specifically makes philosophical use of a version of the genetic method he calls the ‘empirical denotative method’ to trace the exclusions as well as the inclusions of our perspectival selections driven by our finite embodied needs, interest, desires, and purposes. We may derive the trace of quasi-transcendental différance from the trace of empirically perspectival inclusions and exclusions. Specifically, différance is a reified hypostatic abstraction. Next, I respond to Biesta’s claim that since the metaphysics of presence still entangles Dewey, he cannot appreciate the fact that presence depends on absence. Actually, presence in Dewey always depends on absence. Finally, we will find that Biesta’s own deconstructive pragmatism flounders on his commitment to self-refuting relativism.     

奥斯汀言语行为理论的解构

言语行为理论的提出,打破了逻辑一语义学的真假崇拜,赋予语言“以言行事”的功能。然而奥斯汀通过引出“严肃／不严肃”的二元对立,又将无法有效述行的虚构话语给边缘化了。德里达以解构主义惯有的游戏式作风,颠覆了这一组等级对立。他对非严肃虚构话语的关注,对意义开放性的强调,呼唤着人们重新审视文学这一边缘话语。     

Reading Derrida close reading Lemov close reading close reading

Asbtract

This article does exactly what the title suggests: It reads Derrida’s idea of close reading into Doug Lemov’s idea of close reading by close reading Lemov’s definition for close reading. Building on work that considers poststructural approaches in reading classrooms, I engage Lemov and Derrida in a conversation about the meaning and uses of reading as a classroom practice. This approach asks questions about who gets to read, where, and in what ways. Within this conversation, I aim to open new considerations of reading in classrooms in public schools in the U.S. The article concludes with some possibilities and risks of pursuing these ideas, focusing on the potential of new inquiries into the ‘right’ to read.     

Ong and Derrida on Presence: A case study in the conflict of traditions

Ong and Derrida are concerned with presence—for Ong the presence of the other; for Derrida the presence of the signified. These seemingly disparate epistemological meanings of ‘presence’ actually share some striking similarities, but differ about how reason should be figured, that is, what metaphors should be used to conceptualize reason. This disagreement is fundamentally about what Ong called ‘analogues for intellect.’ After describing the history of Ong's and Derrida's concept of presence, we indicate how the ethical and religious implications Ong and Derrida draw from ‘presence’ proceed logically from the analogues for intellect that each assumes. We will conclude, first, that these implications reveal a conflict of traditions—philosophy and rhetoric—but we also indicate how Ong's own rhetoric may permit dialogue between traditions     

Peace as an event,peace as utopia: a re-imagining of peace and its implications for peace education and development

This paper aims to provide a new approach to peace in order to contribute to a theoretically informed approach to peace education and development practice. Arguing that liberal peace can be counter-productive and can actually betray peace, I offer an alternative approach in order to contribute to thinking on peace for educators and development practitioners. Introducing the theory of peace that I developed in my recent Ph.D., I explore how utopian and post-structural theory conceptualises peace as an open-ended promise, facilitating alternative thinking about peace and how to engage with it. I then discuss the implications this has for praxis and finish by looking at how the work of translating peace is an important aspect of peace education and development.     

Deconstructing the Divergence: Unravelling the 2013‐2015 reforms in GCSE English Language and Literature

Since 2013, GCSE English Language and Literature courses in England have experienced changes to assessment and curriculum that have ushered them in a supposedly new direction, both under the umbrella of wider GCSE reforms. This divergence has included the abolition of controlled assessment and the concurrent resurgence of academic courses being assessed only by examination. Alongside these changes have been wider reforms to the GCSE system in its totality, with a switch from the typical A* to G grading system to a new 9 to 1 structure. This article is a consideration of these changes and some other caveats of the reform documents released between 2013 and 2015. I am posing this inquiry from my perspective as an English teacher and a poststructuralist, using deconstruction to scrutinise the language in some of the reform documents. Governmental agenda of the reform is explored, demonstrating an archaism to the ‘new’ direction of the GCSE and the hierarchizing of the academic elite in the oppositions presented.     

论解构主义批评及其“虚无性”问题

解构主义批评是由法国结构主义代表人物雅克＆#183;德里达引领而起的,目的是想颠覆结构主义一味树立中心的做法,期间,它对西方传统哲学中的逻格斯中心主义进行了无情地批判,重点对言语/文字之间存在的等级关系进行了解构,实现了二者的平等关系.一些人认为解构主义在去本质、中心、权威之时体现出了虚无主义的特色,但实质上,解构主义却是针对西方现实政治的,它只是想解构、摧毁、颠覆存在于西方现行政治结构和社会组织体系中的恒定中心而已.     

Exploring ‘Gift’ Theories for New Immigrants' Literacy Education in Taiwan

This paper addresses ‘the gift’ as the central concept in a discussion about the literacy education for new immigrants that has been developing in Taiwan since the early 1990s. The point of departure for this discussion is the advent of international marriages that are the consequence of new arrivals from Southeast Asia and China, and their effect guest/host relationship. In the first half of the article, I apply Marcel Mauss' idea of gift in order to examine the interactions within this host/guest relationship, engaging the ideologies that underpin the new immigrants' literacy education, and the ways in which new immigrants are identified in Taiwanese society. In the second half of this article, I use Jacques Derrida's critique of Mauss' theory of the gift to explore Derrida's own idea of the gift, with the particular objective of evaluating the question of how national identity in Taiwanese society relates to the new immigrants' literacy education policy.     

The Enunciation of the Subject: Sharing Jean-Luc Nancy’s Singular Plural in the Classroom

This article seeks to explore the implications of Jean-Luc Nancy’s reading of the subject for educational philosophy by connecting his re-interpretation of Descartes to his later thinking on what he names the ontological singular plural. Nancy’s re-imagining of the Cogito coalesces around the figure of the mouth (la bouche) through which the subject enunciates itself within the world. Reading this extension of the ego through the mouth as an enunciation of ontological singular plurality exposes a speaking subject that communicates via a sharing of its own being with other singular subjects. The article concludes that Nancy’s singular plural holds potential for affirming a substance-less subjectivity that can nevertheless serve as a locus of meaning in the classroom.