On nonlinear systems diagnosis using differential and algebraic methods

In this paper we tackle the diagnosis problem in nonlinear systems under failure using differential algebra. Three examples are presented in order to apply the proposed methodology. Numerical simulations of these examples are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the suggested approach.     

Answer changing in testing situations: the role of metacognition in deciding which answers to review

The purpose of our study was to examine the issue of answer changing in relation to students’ abilities to monitor their behaviour accurately while responding to multiple-choice tests. The data for this study were obtained from the final examination administered to students in an educational psychology course. The results of the study indicate that decision making regarding answer changing can be informed by metacognitive monitoring when a student's attention is drawn to cues solicited during testing. However, answer changing can be a “tricky” test-taking strategy, and how it relates to test performance is based on an interplay of variables both at a person level as well as at a task level. This is probably why this strategy is frequently misunderstood by both test-takers and educators.     

Equality or equity: Gender awareness issues in secondary schools in Pakistan

This paper focuses on gender awareness issues as a dimension of addressing the wider issue of the quality of education in Pakistan from the perspective of social justice. In Pakistan classrooms, boys and girls learn separately and therefore teachers and others tend to think that there are no gender issues once access is achieved and the learners are in the classroom. However, beyond access there are several factors that compromise quality of education and raise issues for gender equity as an element of social justice. These issues are examined in the context of a professional development intervention on promoting gender awareness among secondary mathematics teachers in disadvantaged schools in rural Pakistan.     

高等教育自学考试复本试卷的设计及其平行性控制

复本试卷的平行,是确保自学考试标准稳定的重要手段。影响试卷平行的因素包括试卷结构、知识内容、难度分布、认知层次的构成等,它们从不同维度上共同构成了平行试卷的指标控制体系。在命题和题库建设中,通常使用命题细目表和知识内容赋分比例表作为控制试卷平行的手段。     

利用差分方程巧解高等代数中的一些问题

主要利用差分方程巧妙的解决了高等代数中矩阵的乘方与行列式的计算.     

基于广义Adams边值法的循环预条件解微分方程

Chan和Bertaccini等提出使用循环矩阵作为预条件矩阵的GMRES方法来求解由边值法(BVM)离散常微分方程初值问题的线性系统是优于GMRES方法的.本文基于广义Admas法(GAMs)离散常微分方程初值问题的线性系统中矩阵的双对角形式,提出了一类新的循环预条件矩阵来加速GMRES的收敛性,并且从理论上证明了方法的收敛性,数值实验表明了这种方法的有效性.     

探讨蒙特卡罗方法在解微分方程边值问题中的应用

蒙特·卡罗方法（Monte Carlo method）,也称统计模拟方法,简写MC。是由20世纪40年代美国在第二次世界大战中研制原子弹的“曼哈顿计划”中的计划成员S.M.乌拉姆和J.冯·诺伊曼首先提出。之后数学家将其命名为蒙特卡罗,它以概率理论为指导,是一种非常重要的统计方法,利用常见的伪随机数解决多种计算问题的方法。这种方法在金融工程学、宏观经济学、计算物理学等领域被广泛的应用。早在18世纪法国数学家布丰利用投针实验的方法求圆周率π,被认为是蒙特·卡罗方法的起源。     

题库建设中的试题沉积问题及其应对策略分析

试题沉积是题库建设必须面对和解决的问题。造成这种现象的原因多种多样,如试题入库把关不严、难度不合组卷要求、新旧题型发生变化、试题已经老化过时以及库存试题分布不均,等等。针对这些原因,本文逐一提出解决办法,如强化教师培训、严格入库标准、题型翻新改造、控制试题难度以及提高命题工作的前瞻性,等等。通过这些措施,努力减少试题沉积,提高入库试题使用率,实现题库建设的又好又快发展。     

四川方音音节标记性特征与英语语音习得

标记区分假说认为二语习得的难度与相关语言项的标记程度有关。分析四川方音音节的标记性特征,可以有效预测英语语音习得过程中可能出现的困难及其影响程度,从而帮助四川方音区的英语教师和学习者克服母语干扰,习得良好的英语语音。     

DIF分析实际应用中的常见问题及其研究新进展

多等级计分题、小样本、匹配变量不纯以及DIF检验后的原因分析是DIF检验面临的常见问题,对多等级计分题目进行DSF分析,小样本情况下DIF检测的平滑方法,匹配变量不纯情况下采用MIMIC法,以及运用Logistic模型进行DIF检验后的原因分析是DIF研究中的一些新进展。对这些进展的分析使我们相信,多种检验方法的配合使用、运用DIF研究进行多维IRT框架下的潜在变量探究等,都有可能使DIF研究成为测量学未来的基础研究领域之一。