宋前时期安徽自然灾害初探

宋代以前,今安徽境内发生水灾、旱灾、震灾、风灾、雹灾、雪灾和霜冻等自然灾害,其中,水灾、旱灾出现的频率较高,尤其是水灾,发生的频率最高。历代中央政府重视救灾,采取蠲赈、仓储和治水等救灾举措,这些措施对纾缓灾情、救助灾民,帮助灾民恢复正常的生产生活秩序起到了一定的积极作用。     

Live Television's Disaster Marathon of September 11 and its Subversive Potential

Television's coverage of the tragic events of September 11 can be viewed and understood as a paradigmatic disaster marathon. The salience of the attack's visual images, their exclusivity on the screen for a protracted period, and the invisibility of their perpetrators enhanced the attack's effectiveness. The paper highlights a number of problems that the September 11 disaster marathon poses to the profession of journalism and to society, and points out possible remedies for the future. It ends with a short discussion of the ways in which television's coverage of the event both resembled and differed from the media-event model, and of theoretical aspects of its unique dimensions as a disaster marathon.     

人体机能应急台风灾害的机理研究

台风是全球最严重的自然灾害之一,对人类社会造成了巨大的破坏,严重威胁人民生命财产安全。我国属台风多发性国家,每年因台风带来的经济损失高达数千亿,甚至上万亿元。目前抗御台风的预案研究主要集中在预警、建筑设施加固和人员财产转移等方面,对于台风灾害过程中人体机能的应急反应能力及承受力极限的研究还没有涉及。通过分析体能应急反应力并与体育运动相结合,为进一步提高人类预防与抗御台风灾害能力提供参考。     

大学开设《中国灾害史》课程刍议

中国自古以来就是一个灾害频繁发生的国家,有的外国学者称中国是＂饥荒的国度＂,中国学者曾经说,一部二十四史,实际上就是一部灾荒史,所以,不了解中国灾害史,就不可能深入了解中国历史。了解中国灾害史最便捷、最能立竿见影的方法就是在大学开设《中国灾害史》课程。     

宋前时期安徽自然灾害初探

宋代以前,今安徽境内发生水灾、旱灾、震灾、风灾、雹灾、雪灾和霜冻等自然灾害,其中,水灾、旱灾出现的频率较高,尤其是水灾,发生的频率最高。历代中央政府重视救灾,采取蠲赈、仓储和治水等救灾举措,这些措施对纾缓灾情、救助灾民,帮助灾民恢复正常的生产生活秩序起到了一定的积极作用。     

清代对安徽灾荒的救助：1644-1840

在清朝前期的197年（1644-1840年）间,今安徽境内有191年发生水灾,170年发生旱灾,此外,还有风灾、雹灾、雪灾、霜冻、雷击、蝗灾、震灾等,清王朝对安徽灾荒的救治有蠲免、赈济、仓储、水利等方式,这些救助方式对帮助灾民恢复正常的生产生活秩序起到了一定的积极作用。     

“三年自然灾害”时期内蒙古灾情分析

从全国角度看,1959年至1961年是“三年自然灾害时期”。从内蒙古自治区角度看,1959年自然灾害类型有水雹灾、旱灾、霜冻和病虫害4种,受灾农田占播种面积的17％,粮食单产为70公斤,属于丰收年;1960和1961年自然灾害种类有水雹灾、旱灾、霜冻,其中旱灾最重,总受灾面积分别占该年播种面积的46％和64％。这两年与其后的1962年和1963年,构成了内蒙古自治区历史上罕见的连续4年的大灾。     

A Competence-Based Science Learning Framework Illustrated Through the Study of Natural Hazards and Disaster Risk Reduction

This article proposes a competence-based learning framework for science teaching, applied to the study of ‘big ideas’, in this case to the study of natural hazards and disaster risk reduction (NH&DRR). The framework focuses on new visions of competence, placing emphasis on nurturing connectedness and behavioral actions toward resilience and sustainability. The framework draws together competences familiarly expressed as cognitive knowledge and skills, plus dispositions and adds connectedness and action-related behaviors, and applies this by means of a progression shift associated with NH&DRR from abilities to capabilities. The target is enhanced scientific literacy approached through an education through science focus, amplified through the study of a big idea, promotion of sustained resilience in the face of disaster and the taking of responsibilities for behavioral actions. The framework is applied to a learning progression for each interrelated education dimension, thus serving as a guide for both the development of abilities and as a platform for stimulating student capabilities within instruction and assessment.     

地质灾害类专业构造地质学教学思路探讨

防灾减灾院校地质灾害类专业人才培养模式的特殊性和构造地质学研究对象的复杂性要求我们必须更新教学思路,改进教学方法,以满足该学科人才培养的需求。文章从地质灾害实例引入、前沿构造地质学疑难问题探讨、理论教学与科研项目结合等几个方面入手,结合教学实例详细阐述了地质灾害类专业构造地质学教学改革的总体思路。