中华民族共同体意识的社会心理机制研究

本研究以社会心理学为研究视角,分别从社会表征理论和话语分析两个层面阐述中华民族共同体意识的社会心理机制。具体而言,在社会表征理论层面,中华民族共同体意识作为中华民族特有的社会表征,是在各族人民交往交流交融的历史条件下、以锚定和物化为两种基本的社会认知机制,具有社会共享性和行为差异性、社会根源性和行为说明性、相对稳定性和长期动态性等特征;在话语分析层面,从中华民族共同体的话语解构、话语转变和构建话语体系三个方面分析,明确"中华民族共同体"的概念,区分"中华民族"和"中华民族共同体"的使用情境差异,促进"中华民族共同体"概念的具象化,提出构建中华民族共同体意识的话语体系要兼顾政治话语、学术话语和大众话语的统一。从社会心理视角探寻中华民族共同体意识形成和发展的机制,有助于从"心"出发,进一步铸牢中华民族共同体意识,开创中华民族更加灿烂美好的未来。     

The struggle to satisfy need: exploring the institutional cues for teaching support staff

The decision-making around resource allocation in universities is complex. It plays out through the structures of governance and bureaucracy, through interactions with colleagues, workplace cultures and through day-to-day individual work practices. To survive and succeed within this complex environment, teaching support staff need to be sensitive to the cues provided by their institution. This paper focuses on the cues available to teaching support staff within university strategic plans and considers the effects these cues may have on their day-to-day decision-making. The results provide a sample of the competing cues that have an impact on teaching support staff and provide a foundation for a reconsidered approach to university strategic planning.     

语用预设--美国2000年总统大选辩论片断分析

语用预设作为句子或话语中隐含的信息或命题，对交际双方的话语理解起着至关重要的作用。本以美国2000年总统大选辩论为语料，试运用语用预设这一话语中的隐含信息为理论指导分析辩论双方是如何阐述自己的政见，以及对对方的政纲提出质疑，批评和攻击，以捞取政治积分并赢得选民的支持。通过分析，章旨在揭示语用预设理论能更好的帮助我们理解政治体裁章，并为各种语篇分析带来新的启示。     

论英语语篇分析与词义解读

语篇分析是刚发展起来的新兴研究领域。旨在从篇章、社会和心理诸多语言环境因素的角度来研究实际交际过程中意义连贯的语言整体。而传统语言学都是以音系、词汇或句法为研究单位,导致了英语初学者在对英语单词的一词多义或具体上下文中的特别意义的解读上几乎无从下手。英语学习者应站在语篇的高度,运用语篇分析的方法来解读英语单词,这不仅是重要的,也是可行的。     

论我国教师形象话语体系的演变与重构

教师形象话语是历时性的存在。我国传统相对稳固的教师形象话语体系在近代发生演变,呈现出表达主体多元化、表达路径多样化、表达内容复杂化等特征。由于传统与现代观念的纠葛、本土与外来观念的碰撞以及现实与虚拟文化的共同发展,导致教师形象标准共识难寻、教师形象话语表达立场不同、教师形象建构语境变宽。借助社会与自我、理论与实践、官方与民间等多层交互关系展开主体间对话,最大限度消除分歧,促进话语整合,从而为教师形象话语体系的重构提供可能。     

初探衔接在语篇翻译中的作用

随着翻译研究的深入发展，翻译研究开始向语篇层次拓展。衔接是构成语篇的重要条件，由于英汉两种语言的衔接手段存在着差异，整个语篇翻译过程中，衔接都起着非常重要的作用。本从翻译的过程来研究衔接在语篇翻译中的重要作用，认为衔接是正确理解原的关键，是传达原信息的有效手段，在校改的过程中，同样少不了对衔接的考虑。     

运用知识建构圈促进学生课堂深度互动研究

课堂话语是促进学生参与课堂互动的核心要素之一,而现有的课堂话语体系多是围绕教师展开的"师生对话"或是被少数"话霸"主导的"生生对话",缺乏全员互动的"广度"与探究的"深度"。该文以南京市某小学四年一班学生为研究对象,采用准实验方法和基于设计的研究方法相结合的方式,根据知识建构理论利用知识建构圈教学策略开展了为期12周的教学实践。教学实践中通过更改教室座椅布局、调整知识建构圈中师生位次、建立会话规则、明确协商机制以及整合教学内容等教学手段进行多次教学迭代,尝试改进课堂互动效果。在将全程班级课堂互动录像转录为文本的基础上,根据知识深度模型、问题解释深度量表对其编码并进行语义分析。结果表明:采用知识建构圈教学策略能有效的提升学生互动的参与度以及提出问题的"量"与"质";能推进学生互动的"广度"与"深度";能提高学生的言语表达能力和人际交往能力,初步实现了课堂由"浅层"互动向"深层"互动的转变。     

Our Own Devices: Heterotopic Communication, Discourse, and Culture in the Information Society 1

The main premise of this article is that in information societies generally, and in virtual social contexts particularly, a distinctive style of interaction to facilitate the communication of difference, heterotopic communication , has emerged. It rests on two cultural foundations: an ideological belief in the positive, socially integrating power of communication, and a prevailing ethic of instrumental rationality, subjective individualism, and strategically practiced self-interest. The former is demonstrated by the use of simulation and spectacle as sources of information; exhibitionism/voyeurism as a communicative style; and the awareness of surveillance. The latter is seen in the competitive use of knowledge as a commodity; a surface globalism masking deep parochialism; lateral as well as vertical information inequity; and the use of public versus private as strategies for engagement rather than as spaces. Those who engage in heterotopic communication resort to their 'own devices' both in the sense of personal agendas, strategies, interests, and interpretations, and in the form of the telecommunication tools that help realize them. These personal and technological devices allow individuals with the right educational and technical resources to avoid exposure to disagreement, difference, or other information that does not serve their direct purposes or reflect their particular views of the world; yet they also help convey the appearance of openness, availability, and cooperation. This style of interaction is used strategically in combination with information and communication technologies to gain social or economic advantages, but it may encourage social separatism and parochialism, inhibit the negotiation of disputes, and emphasize competing interests.     

From social interaction to individual reasoning: an empirical investigation of a possible socio-cultural model of cognitive development

This study explores the theory that individual reasoning ability, as measured using standard reasoning tests, has part of its origin in dialogue with others. In the study, 64 eight- and nine-year-old children were taught the use of ‘exploratory talk’, a type of talk in which joint reasoning is made explicit. The relationship between the talk of the children and the solving of Raven's test problems was studied using discourse analysis of groups working together. The findings of the study support four claims: that use of exploratory talk can improve group reasoning, that exploratory talk can be taught, that the teaching of exploratory talk can successfully transfer between educational contexts and that individual results on a standard non-verbal reasoning test significantly improved as a result of the intervention teaching exploratory talk. Our results offer support for the hypothesis that experience of social reasoning can improve scores on measures of individual reasoning. The stronger hypothesis that general cognitive development is a product of induction into social reasoning remains in doubt.     

Reflection through assessment: A systematic narrative review of teacher feedback and student self-perception

Beginning with two important meta-analyses by Hattie and Timperley (2007) and Shute (2008), the relationship between teacher feedback and student self-perception has received more attention. One way students enact a self-perception is by reflectively writing about their participation within a particular field of study. The current review analyzes how teacher feedback facilitates and supports the formation of self-perception made visible in students’ reflective writing. The following electronic databases were searched up to February 2018: CINAHL, Academic Search Complete, PsycINFO, ERIC, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, and Google Scholar. Five themes in total were constructed. These themes indicate contexts when feedback might lead to students reflecting through writing on a self-perception. Features of feedback that most likely promote this kind of reflection can be described as: content situated, dialogic, and empathic. As a secondary category of themes, feedback should position students as: fluid and/or vulnerable.