研究生导师问题行为的现状及特点探究——基于黑龙江省高校研究生的调查分析

以学生评价为视角研究高校研究生导师问题行为,通过调查发现研究生导师问题行为由情感暴力、放任敷衍、品德不良三个方面构成,并表现出以下特点:(1)总体上教师的教育行为是比较符合职业道德要求和教学规律的,教师问题行为情况不严重,但是情感暴力、放任敷衍、品德不良三个方面的问题行为发生率比较高。(2)当前研究生导师问题行为存在导师类型和学科差异。博士生导师的问题行为显著高于硕士生导师;理科、工科和其它学科的研究生导师问题行为显著高于文科研究生导师。在此基础上,提出预防和矫正研究生导师问题行为,提高研究生培养质量的对策建议。     

英文规定性法律文本中的同义词翻译——功能对等理论视角

根据奈达的功能对等理论,结合法律翻译研究者的理论和观点,理论联系实际,提出在翻译英文规定性法律文本中的同义词时,可以采用分别翻译和联合统一翻译的处理方式,实现法律文本翻译准确性的基本原则,达到形式、内容和效力等同的法律文本翻译标准。     

应用模糊C均值聚类法判别同调机群正确性研究

利用BPA软件以新英格兰10机39节点系统为例,验证模糊C均值聚类法判别同调机群的正确性。     

体育科学实验研究设计10个常见问题及对策

摘要：实验法是体育科学研究常用的研究方法之一,更是体育科学研究领域探讨因果关系的核心方法。实验设计是实验研究的灵魂,是保证实验研究有效的前提和基础。基于此目的,总结了体育科学实验研究设计常见的10个问题,包括：研究设计缺乏理论依据,系列实验研究间的关联缺乏条理,实验设计类型不清晰、组间变量与组内变量混淆,单因素设计替代多因素设计,非平衡的多因素组合实验违背了实验的均衡原则,重复测量实验设计没有平衡顺序误差,缺乏有效的对照导致内部效度较低,研究样本量偏小导致实验结果的可重复性差,实验室实验忽视了实验真实性和心理真实性对生态学效度的影响,实验设计缺乏有效的统计检验。具体分析了每一个问题对实验效度的影响,进而提出了改进实验设计的对策。     

体育科学领域的问卷调查：常见问题与解决方案

摘要：对3所体育院校2014年授予学位的120篇研究生论文的分析发现,问卷调查法仍是体育学研究生使用较多的研究方法。学位论文中问卷调查法的误用主要表现为：1) 选题范围过大,研究定位于描述;2) 问题随意无依据,选项概念混乱,缺乏规律,且存在无效或不可能选项;3) 滥用重测信度和内容效度,误用同质性信度和构想效度。对研究者建议：1) 缩窄研究范围;2) 将研究整体定位于关系性研究;3) 使用等距量表法设计问卷题目,并以构想效度为核心,努力积累问卷的效度证据。     

试析应用能力考试(B级)中的翻译选择题

通过对江西省高等学校英语应用能力考试(B级)中61-64题翻译选择题的分析,论述了其信度和效度,提出把翻译选择题改为翻译题不会破坏试卷信效度的平衡,反而有助于学生英语实用能力的提高。     

Is a single question of the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) valid for measuring sedentary behaviour in the Chilean population?

A study was conducted to assess the validity of the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) for measuring sedentary behaviour (SB) in the Chilean adult population. About 217 adults (93/124 male/female, 43.8 ± 15.75 years) who were randomly selected during National Health Survey 2009–2010 completed the protocol. The participants wore an ActiGraph GT3X (AG) for 7 consecutive days and then completed the GPAQ (single-item question for measuring time spent sitting in a usual day). Validity was examined using Spearman’s correlation, mean bias and limits of agreement (LoA), with AG (vertical axis <100 counts · min^?1) as the reference standard for estimates of SB in bouts of 1 (AG1), 5 (AG5) and 10 (AG10) min. Agreement between the GPAQ and AG for classifying data into quartiles and tertiles was assessed with kappa method. The GPAQ showed fair correlation with AG1, AG5 and AG10 (range = 0.23–0.26), with large mean biases (range = ?293.9, ?76.12 min · day^?1). Agreement between the GPAQ and AG1, AG5 and AG10 was poor for categorising time spent in SB into tertiles and quartiles. The single question from the GPAQ has shown fair validity for measuring SB and poor ability for correctly classifying individuals into tertiles or quartiles of SB in a Chilean population.     

A short German Physical-Self-Concept Questionnaire for elementary school children (PSCQ-C): Factorial validity and measurement invariance across gender

Research on children’s physical self-concept (PSC) is increasingly recognised as an important field of psychology. However, there is a lack of instruments suitable for younger children at elementary school age. In the present study, a short German 21-item Physical Self-Concept-Questionnaire for children (PSCQ-C) was tested measuring seven specific facets of elementary school children’s PSC (strength, endurance, speed, flexibility, coordination, physical appearance, global sport competence). A number of 770 elementary school children aged 8–12 years completed the PSCQ-C. Results showed good psychometric properties and high reliabilities of the seven scales. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the presumed 7-factor model fitted the data best compared to a global 1- and 2-factor model. Also, full measurement invariance was strongly established. Correlations among the seven scales were mainly moderate. Gender differences were suggestive of developmental trends that are consistent with prior studies. These results provide support that the PSCQ-C is a confidential instrument with sound psychometric properties measuring seven specific facets of elementary school children’s PSC.     

The validity and reliability of a sample of 10 Wattbike cycle ergometers

ABSTRACT

The purpose of the study was to assess the validity and inter-bike reliability of 10 Wattbike cycle ergometers, and to assess the test–retest reliability of one Wattbike. Power outputs from 100 to 1000 W were applied using a motorised calibration rig (LODE) at cadences of 70, 90, 110 and 130 rev · min^?1, which created nineteen different intensities for comparison. Significant relationships (P < 0.01, r² = 0.99) were found between each of the Wattbikes and the LODE. Each Wattbike was found to be valid and reliable and had good inter-bike agreement. Within-bike mean differences ranged from 0.0 W to 8.1 W at 300 W and 3.3 W to 19.3 W at 600 W. When taking into account the manufacturers stated measurement error for the LODE (2%), the mean differences were less than 2%. Comparisons between Wattbikes at each of the nineteen intensities gave differences from 0.6 to 25.5 W at intensities of 152 W and 983 W, respectively. There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) between the measures of power recorded in the test–retest condition. The data suggest that the Wattbike is an accurate and reliable tool for training and performance assessments, with data between Wattbikes being able to be used interchangeably.     

Validity and Reliability of Three Self-Report Instruments for Assessing Attainment of Physical Activity Guidelines in University Students

The purpose of this study was to compare the validity and reliability of three short physical activity self-report instruments to determine their potential for use with university student populations. The participants (N = 155; 44.5% male; 22.9 ± 5.13 years) wore an accelerometer for 9 consecutive days and completed a single-item measure, the a brief two item measure and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire—Short Form questionnaires on day 1 and 9. Correlations between self-reported and accelerometer derived moderate-to-vigorous physical activity levels were moderate for the International Physical Activity Questionnaire—Short Form, while poor for the single-item measure and the a brief two item measure. The agreement level was high with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire—Short Form (77.4%) and moderate for both the single-item measure (45.2 %) and a brief two item measure (44.5 %). The intraclass correlations between the two administrations were moderate to strong across all measures (0.52–0.70) in 133 participants. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire—Short Form is the most suitable of these three self-report instruments for use with this population due to higher correlations and levels of agreement with accelerometry.