The role of big data in smart city

The expansion of big data and the evolution of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies have played an important role in the feasibility of smart city initiatives. Big data offer the potential for cities to obtain valuable insights from a large amount of data collected through various sources, and the IoT allows the integration of sensors, radio-frequency identification, and Bluetooth in the real-world environment using highly networked services. The combination of the IoT and big data is an unexplored research area that has brought new and interesting challenges for achieving the goal of future smart cities. These new challenges focus primarily on problems related to business and technology that enable cities to actualize the vision, principles, and requirements of the applications of smart cities by realizing the main smart environment characteristics. In this paper, we describe the state-of-the-art communication technologies and smart-based applications used within the context of smart cities. The visions of big data analytics to support smart cities are discussed by focusing on how big data can fundamentally change urban populations at different levels. Moreover, a future business model of big data for smart cities is proposed, and the business and technological research challenges are identified. This study can serve as a benchmark for researchers and industries for the future progress and development of smart cities in the context of big data.     

The evolution of local production systems: the emergence of the “invisible mind” and the evolutionary pressures towards more visible “minds”

The aim of this paper is to propose an explanation of the changes of dynamic matching between systemic properties of local production systems (LPS) and characteristics of the competitive environment. An evolutionary sequence travelled during the last three decades by Italian LPS is identified and an explanation of long-term dynamics is based on how information flows and knowledge are structured within a local environment. The “traditional” pattern of interlocking behaviours of different agents is defined as cognitive architecture, which evolutionarily emerges as invisible mind. Evolutionary pressures lead new patterns of relationships and interlocking behaviours, which we define as a tendency for more visible “minds” to assert themselves.     

Testing the cluster hypothesis in distributed information retrieval

How to merge and organise query results retrieved from different resources is one of the key issues in distributed information retrieval. Some previous research and experiments suggest that cluster-based document browsing is more effective than a single merged list. Cluster-based retrieval results presentation is based on the cluster hypothesis, which states that documents that cluster together have a similar relevance to a given query. However, while this hypothesis has been demonstrated to hold in classical information retrieval environments, it has never been fully tested in heterogeneous distributed information retrieval environments. Heterogeneous document representations, the presence of document duplicates, and disparate qualities of retrieval results, are major features of an heterogeneous distributed information retrieval environment that might disrupt the effectiveness of the cluster hypothesis. In this paper we report on an experimental investigation into the validity and effectiveness of the cluster hypothesis in highly heterogeneous distributed information retrieval environments. The results show that although clustering is affected by different retrieval results representations and quality, the cluster hypothesis still holds and that generating hierarchical clusters in highly heterogeneous distributed information retrieval environments is still a very effective way of presenting retrieval results to users.     

电子图书及新的业务模型对高等院校图书馆的影响分析

本文分析了电子图书技术对高等院校图书馆的现实意义。虽然我们正处于电子图书馆发展的初级阶段，但业务模型、标准及支持技术正处于对图书馆业务产生极大影响的发展时期。因此，图书馆和管理人员必须完全了解这样的趋势，以便能够在其工作范围内有效地应用创新成果。     

The effectiveness of the GoKoan e-learning platform in improving university students’ academic performance

The GoKoan e-learning platform supports face-to-face training in an educational community. Its aim is to optimise the way and the time of study in order to improve academic performance. To evaluate the GoKoan platform’s effectiveness as a tool for improving academic performance, an experimental study was carried out using a sample of 171 university students enrolled in the psychology degree programme who were randomly assigned to the two different conditions (the experimental group: traditional learning + e-learning with the GoKoan platform; and the control group: traditional learning without e-learning). The findings showed that using GoKoan had a positive impact on the students’ academic performance (d = 0.39, 95 % CI [0.08, 0.69]). The results highlight the importance of blended learning in improving students’ learning performance. Other aspects of its effectiveness (e.g, the levels achieved in student learning outcomes) will be considered in future studies.     

自适应混合入侵检测系统的研究

本文在分析误用检测和异常检测的基础上,提出了自适应混合入侵检测系统,基于网络的误用检测模块用于检测已知特征的入侵行为,而基于主机的异常模块用于发现新型入侵攻击。     

Contradictions in practising distributed leadership in public primary schools in New South Wales (Australia) and Slovakia

The concept of distributed leadership has been widely accepted and scrutinised in research and practice since the beginning of the new millennium. Nonetheless, there is a lack of academic research on how school staff members perceive the term and to what extent they are willing to employ it as part of their daily practices. This article aims to explore these understandings and attitudes in two public primary schools – one in New South Wales (Australia) and one in Slovakia – whilst using qualitative research methods based on semi-structured interviews with staff members. The findings of this study reveal that participants often present very contradictory attitudes towards employing distributed leadership in practice. On the one hand, they require maximising the processes of distributed leadership and, on the other hand, they welcome various instances of solo/autocratic leadership practices by the principal. They also often conflated the concepts of distributed leadership and democratic leadership. In addition, the article discusses how wider social and political context may shape these perceptions and attitudes towards distributed leadership.     

基于EJB3.0的分布式信息系统设计与实现

分析了JavaEE服务器端组件模型EJB3.0的体系结构,并介绍了它的新特性,讨论了开发EJB3.0组件的过程,并通过对现有系统的移植阐述了EJB3.0组件在分布式信息系统中的应用。     

基于Agent的分布式入侵检测技术研究综述

智能化和分布式是目前入侵检测的热点研究方向,基于Agent的分布式入侵检测技术以移动Agent的优于传统分布式技术的特性更是成为分布式入侵检测领域的研究热点。本文针对以往入侵检测系统的不足,剖析了现有的分布式入侵检测系统,重点分析了各个典型的基于Agent的分布式入侵检测系统的优、缺点,并结合国内外的发展形势展望了基于Agent的分布式入侵检测系统的发展方向。     

BAMCG模型周期解的全局指数稳定性

利用李雅普诺夫泛函和不等式Zm＋ 1∏k=1^m zk^qk≤1/r ∑k=1^m qkZk^r＋1/rzm＋1^r 研究了一类BAMCG模型的周期解,并获得了一些充分条件．这些结果推广了已有文献的结论．