从侗族款文化看民俗对民间生活的规范力量

侗族款文化包括款组织与款词,它是侗族传统民俗文化中最古老最具特色的民俗现象之一。款组织调整规范着整个侗族的民间社会,款词简练精辟地记述了侗族民间社会的各样礼俗。侗族社会每年通过“三月约青”“九月约黄”的款组织活动使整个民间社会学习熟悉款约,以求重返爱与自由的民间生活世界。     

浅析《活动变人形》中王蒙的审父意识

（（活动变人形》中所体现出的王蒙的审父意识,在某种层面上说隐含着时代内涵。他审视父亲时,有着明确的文化、社会批判意图,着力揭示盲目崇外与追求个性之间根本就无从关联,认为父亲用盲目、愚昧至极的方法去满足个性张扬的要求从一开始就是滑稽可笑的。他的这种“审父”绝非颠覆、怀疑和拒绝那么简单,而是进行了理智地审视、批判和重塑,试图找寻一种理想的父子模式。同时,他还向我们传达了这样一个讯息--审父不是为了逃亡,而是为漂泊的灵魂寻找新的精神家园和栖息地。     

中学体育教学中分组教学的构建研究

在初中体育课程当中,实际运用的教学方法有很多种,因为多数学生对体育课程还是比较喜爱的,老师可以根据不同的教学内容以不同的教学形式、手段来为学生上课,这样有利于提升体育教学质量。教育新改革为普通教学课程带来了新课改,同样也为体育教学带来了新的契机。本文就新形势下的教育改革对中学体育中分组教学的推进展开研究,为初中体育教学方式改革提供借鉴。     

Young children working together. Cooperative learning effects on group work of children in Grade 1 of primary education

It was examined whether cooperative learning within the Success for All (SfA) program led to improved group work behaviour of Grade 1 pupils. 168 pupils of six SfA schools and 144 pupils of four control schools participated. Positive and negative group work behaviour was observed during a group task, taking into account socioemotional ethos, group participation, and type of dialogue. Longitudinal multilevel analysis was used for the sequence of observed 20-s time intervals. SfA groups showed more positive and less negative group work behaviour compared to control groups, whilst controlling for several group characteristics. Results suggest that negative group work behaviour increased gradually during the whole task in control groups, while in SfA groups it increased only towards the end of the task. The findings indicate that cooperative learning may lead to improved group work behaviour of young pupils (6–7 years old).     

Being tolerated and minority well-being: The role of group identifications

In recent decades, a norm of tolerating group differences has been promoted by laypeople and leaders as a way to manage cultural and religious diversity. But whether such a policy is beneficial for the targets’ sense of group belonging and well-being is unknown. This research investigates how being tolerated differs from being discriminated against and being accepted in its associations with affective well-being and ethnic and national identification of ethnic minorities. We test whether being tolerated is related to well-being through its association with both group identifications. With a sample of ethnic minority group members in the Netherlands (N = 518) we found that being tolerated is related to higher well-being through increased national identification, but not as strongly as being accepted. Being tolerated is different from experiencing discrimination against and being accepted, and its relations to well-being and group belonging often fall between those of discrimination and acceptance. Toleration is associated with higher well-being, but only to the extent that its targets feel included in the overarching national category.     

侗族传统民居上梁仪式的共睦态及其意义表征

借鉴特纳的反结构概念，深刻解读侗族传统民居上梁仪式过程中的共睦态现象及其意义表征。发现侗族传统民居上梁仪式中存在显著的共睦态现象，且通过悖逆反常的场景、结束分散劳作状态和前台与后台转置三种方式呈现出来。而每一种共睦态现象又都蕴含着丰富的象征意义，并在意义表征的对象上涵盖了民居、主东、喇汉和桑美等多个物和人。在将共睦态分析的对象范畴由人延伸到物的同时，在共睦态分析的内涵上也具有一定的开拓性。     

Why Are You Saying That? Increases in Gaze Duration as Responses to Group Member Dissent

The present study investigated students’ eye gaze while reacting to dissenting peers in groups. We measured the duration of gaze toward a confederate who disagreed with either a prevailing idea around which the group was coalescing or the process by which the group was solving a problem. Results indicated that participants gazed at dissenting confederates longer than at confederates in control groups. Qualitative analysis suggested that participants seemed to use eye gaze to understand the confederate, to prompt the confederate to contribute to discussions, to ease tensions, and to process information relative to the group’s task. Results provide an expanded look at how group members respond to dissenters, how conflict operates in some student groups, and how group members may differentiate acceptable and unacceptable disagreement.     

德布洛意波及其波速佯谬

关于德布洛意(De Broglie)波波速问题在许多有关量子力学的书中都有论述,但对波速佯谬却很少分析。上海电视大学金山分校莫之灏同志曾著文“德布洛意波波速佯谬辩析”,发表于《物理通报》一九九○年第五期。但该文中所指佯谬并非唯一,且分析欠透彻。本文全面分析这一佯谬,并给出确切的回答,最后给出德布洛意波的形状及与实物粒子间的关系。     

有限群为π-幂零群的特征

本文给出了有限群G为π—幂零群的一个充要条件,并利用导群给出了群G为π—幂零群的一个充分条件.     

高职管理学基础课程实训模式

在分析高职管理课程特点与总结长期改革实践经验的基础上,探索提出坚持能力导向、项目驱动的原则,以模拟管理为主体,以团队自我控制为主导,构建以能力训练单元为基础的三级实训结构体系。