从记忆的工作机理谈影响英语听力的三个变量

听力是语言交际能力的中心环节之一, 在听的过程中记忆是重要的信息储存器和处理器, 在记忆的工作过程中有三个关键变量影响了听力的效果。因此, 在英语听力的课堂教学中应帮助学生合理分布注意力, 增加短期记忆的储存量, 提高长期记忆的信息加工能力。     

Swarm intelligence for mixed-variable design optimization

Many engineering optimization problems frequently encounter continuous variables and discrete variables which adds considerably to the solution complexity.Very few of the existing methods can yield a globally optimal solution when the objective functions are non-convex and non-differentiable.This paper presents a hybrid swarm intelligence approach(HSIA)for solving these nonlinear optimization problems which contain integer,discrete,zero-one and continuous variables.HSIA provides an improvement in global search reliability in a mixed-variable space and converges steadily to a good solution.An approach to handle various kinds of variables and constraints is discussed.Comparison testing of several examples of mixed-variable optimization problems in the literature showed that the proposed approach is superior to current methods for finding the best solution,in terms of both solution quality and algorithm robustness.     

多元函数极值判别法推广

利用代数中的正定阵对多元函数的极值的判别法作一些推广     

Motives,attitudes and approaches to studying in distance education

This study investigated the relationships between demographic characteristics, motives and attitudes to studying, self-reported study behaviour and measures of outcome. Students taking courses by distance learning received a postal survey containing a short form of the Motivated Strategies and Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ) and the Revised Approaches to Studying Inventory (RASI). Path analysis was used to assess the causal relationships among 395 students’ age, gender and prior qualifications, their scores on the MSLQ and the RASI and their marks. Evidence was obtained for the causal efficacy of most of the paths among the main components. In particular, the causal link between variations in students’ motives and attitudes and variations in their study behaviour is bidirectional.     

多元函数极值的一种新方法

通过一元函数求极值的方法，介绍了多元函数求极值的一种新方法，即利用梯度及内积，可简便地计算多元函数的极值。     

弹性力学中混合变量的能量原理

建立了弹性力学中混合变量的虚功原理和虚余功原理,混合变量的最小势能原理和最小余能原理,混合变量最小势能的广义原理和最小余能的广义原理。同时,应用混合变量的最小势能原理于计算一复杂边界条件矩形板的弯曲。     

试从来源功能和影响功能看外语学习动机变量

20世纪90年代以来,外语学习动机的研究领域大大扩展,对过去的动机理论已经提出了很多引发外语学习者学习的动机变量.动机变量间的关系可从来源和影响的角度来论述,并可从这两方面探讨教学中教师用以提高学习者动机的策略.     

大学知识创新行为的经济实质和特征

学术界对大学在知识创新中的作用已经形成了共识，但是对于大学科研和教学作为一个系统如何参与经济过程，与经济中知识的流动和增殖有怎样的关系等问题还缺乏深入的分析，本文试图从此角度作一探讨。文章把知识生产和知识传播作为经济发展的内生变量，并总结了大学知识创新的特征、分析了知识创新与大学组织变革的关系以及约束条件。     

Plan and generate: Explicit and implicit variational augmentation for multi-document summarization of scientific articles

Multi-Document Summarization of Scientific articles (MDSS) is a challenging task that aims to generate concise and informative summaries for multiple scientific articles on a particular topic. However, despite recent advances in abstractive models for MDSS, grammatical correctness and contextual coherence remain challenging issues. In this paper, we introduce EDITSum, a novel abstractive MDSS model that leverages sentence-level planning to guide summary generation. Our model incorporates neural topic model information as explicit guidance and sequential latent variables information as implicit guidance under a variational framework. We propose a hierarchical decoding strategy that generates the sentence-level planning by a sentence decoder and then generates the final summary conditioned on the planning by a word decoder. Experimental results show that our model outperforms previous state-of-the-art models by a significant margin on ROUGE-1 and ROUGE-L metrics. Ablation studies demonstrate the effectiveness of the individual modules proposed in our model, and human evaluations provide strong evidence that our model generates more coherent and error-free summaries. Our work highlights the importance of high-level planning in addressing intra-sentence errors and inter-sentence incoherence issues in MDSS.     

Correlations Among Five Demographic Variables and the Performance of Selected Jamaican 11th-graders on Some Numerical Problems on Energy

This study was designed to assess whether the level of performance of selected Jamaican 11th-grade physics students on some numerical problems on the energy concept was satisfactory and if there were significant differences in their performance linked to their gender, socioeconomic background (SEB), school location, English language and mathematical abilities. The 331 sampled students consisted of 213 boys and 118 girls; 197 students were from a high SEB and 134 students from a low SEB; 296 students were from seven urban schools and 35 students from three rural schools; 112, 153 and 66 of the students had high, average and low English language abilities, respectively, while 144, 81 and 106 of the students had high, average and low mathematical abilities, respectively. An Energy Concept Test (ECT) consisting of six structured numerical questions was employed for data collection. The results indicated that although the students’ level of performance was regarded as fairly satisfactory, there was a lot of room for improvement. There were statistically significant differences in the students’ performance on the ECT linked to SEB, and mathematical abilities in favour of students from a high SEB, and high mathematical abilities, respectively. There was a positive, statistically significant but weak correlation between the students’ (a) mathematical abilities, and (b) English language abilities and their performance on the ECT, while there were no correlations among their gender, school location, and SEB and their performance on the ECT.