简论中国隐喻艺术思维的生态特征

一个国家、一个民族、一个地域的艺术隐喻一般都有其本身独具的特性,从某种意义上来说,这往往得益于其生态的特性及其影响。中国艺术隐喻的形成,也更多得益于其良好的自然生态状况和相对的封闭环境,因此生成了中国艺术隐喻最具特征的依生性和互渗性表现。     

History of sexual abuse and suicide attempts in alcohol-dependent patients

History of child abuse is considered one of the important risk factors of suicide attempt in general population. At the same time it has been shown that suicide attempts appear significantly more frequently in alcoholics than in healthy individuals. The objective of this study was to investigate associations between history of childhood sexual abuse and suicide attempts in a sample of Polish alcohol dependent patients. A sample of 364 alcohol-dependent subjects was recruited in alcohol treatment centers in Warsaw, Poland. Information was obtained about demographics, family history of psychiatric problems, history of suicide attempts, sexual and physical abuse during childhood and adulthood and severity of alcohol problems. When analyzed by gender, 7.4% of male and 39.2% of female patients had a lifetime history of sexual abuse; 31.9% of the study group reported at least one suicide attempt during their lifetime. Patients who reported suicide attempts were significantly younger (p = 0.0008), had greater severity of alcohol dependence (p = 0.0002), lower social support (p = 0.003), and worse economic status (p = 0.002). Moreover, there was a significant association between history of suicide attempts and family history of psychiatric problems (p = 0.00025), suicide attempts in the family (p = 0.0073), childhood history of sexual abuse (p = 0.009) as well as childhood history of physical abuse (p = 0.002). When entered into linear regression analysis with other dependent variables history of childhood sexual abuse remained a significant predictor of suicide attempt (OR = 2.52; p = 0.035). Lifetime experience of sexual abuse is a significant and independent risk factor of suicide attempts in alcohol-dependent individuals.     

中职生手机依赖问题研究

随着科技的发展,手机在中职校园内已不陌生。如今,中职生使用手机的普及度相当高,手机的过分依赖严重影响了学生的身心健康,影响他们的行为和实际交往的能力。分析手机依赖现象的形成因素和对中职生所产生的负面影响,并对此提出建议和对策。     

场独立-场依存型认知风格与英语学习的实证研究

采用认知方式镶嵌图形测验的方法,以闽南师范大学150名非英语专业学生为被试对象,探讨其认知风格与英语学习成绩的关系。研究结果表明,场独立型、场依存型、场过渡型三种认知风格的学生在英语学习成绩上表现出一定的差异,但在不同的学习项目中各有所长。基于对个体认知风格的把握,学生应当灵活采用合适的学习策略,教师应当“因材施教”、引导学生全面提升英语技能。     

我国民办教育制度演变中的路径依赖困境及出路——从制度变迁的视角分析

新中国成立以来,政府、市场、社会三方利益格局之间的博弈操纵着民办教育发展方向。基于历史制度主义基础对民办教育制度变迁过程中的路径依赖性进行研究,有利于破解政策变迁脉络中造成旧制度强化和重制作用的影响因素,认清我国民办教育制度变迁并非人们印象中＂问题-策略＂的帕累托改进模式,而是受到历史发展历程中内外因的相互影响的结果。只有加快民办教育改革,开辟新的发展出路,才能实现民办教育制度真正意义上的创新。     

Role of emotion dysregulation in the relationship between childhood abuse and probable PTSD in a sample of substance abusers

This study examined associations among childhood abuse, emotion dysregulation, and probable posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) within a sample of 93 substance use disorder (SUD) patients in residential treatment. SUD patients with probable PTSD (vs. non-PTSD) reported (a) greater severity of childhood sexual, physical, and emotional abuse and (b) significantly higher levels of overall emotion dysregulation and the specific dimensions of difficulties engaging in goal-directed behavior when upset, difficulties controlling impulsive behaviors when distressed, limited access to effective emotion regulation strategies, and lack of emotional clarity. Additionally, significant positive associations were found between both childhood physical and emotional (but not sexual) abuse on the one hand and dimensions of emotion dysregulation on the other. Further analyses indicated that difficulties controlling impulsive behaviors when distressed accounted for the associations of both childhood physical and emotional abuse with probable PTSD status. Findings of the present study highlight a potential mechanism underlying the relationships between both childhood emotional and physical abuse and PTSD in SUD patients.     

Cognitive style of gifted and average readers

Thirty gifted and 30 average readers were selected from a population of 300 eighth, tenth, and twelfth grade students in small towns or rural areas in Kansas. Students were classified as field independent or field dependent. It was found that gifted and average readers used the same reading strategies but there were significant differences in how frequently some strategies were used. There were also significant differences in how frequently some strategies were used by field independent and field dependent readers. Gifted readers scored significantly higher than average readers on the Hidden Figures Test. No significant differences in the frequency of reading strategy use were found between field independent gifted readers and field dependent gifted readers or between field independent and field dependent average readers.     

长三角地区长途汽车班次网

将长三角地区划分为三部分：江苏地区、上海市、浙江地区。分别组成江苏地区长途汽车班次子网和浙江地区长途汽车班次子网,并对这两个子网进行比较研究,提出两个新的参量——依赖性和方便性来表达子网间关系和子网性质     

基于“因果关系反馈环”模型的公司和农户交易行为分析

运用新经济社会学的经验性研究方法--"因果关系反馈环"模型,分析了公司和农户之间的复杂交易关系.研究结果表明.由因果关系反馈形成的相互依赖,可以减轻公司和农户之间的"套牢"风险,这种相互依赖机制作为一种控制关系性风险的手段,是最小化交易成本的一种契约性制度安排.     

中国农村养老保障制度变迁、路径依赖与趋势

我国农村养老保障经历了计划经济时期、探索与试点时期以及重建时期三个重要阶段,采用了不同的制度类型,其实质涉及到对公平与效率的选择问题。然而,中国农村养老保障制度的变迁尚属于诱致性变迁,并表现出强烈的路径依赖。在新的历史时期,农村养老保障制度将面临新的转变。