从《长生殿》对天宝故事的取舍看其主题思想

《长生殿》是清剧坛上最有影响的作品之一。以天宝年间的历史事件为框架,演绎唐明皇和杨贵妃的爱情故事。在对这段历史的剪裁融合中体现了作品的主题思想,即表达爱情理想与总结历史教训的统一。     

论《百年孤独》中“生死相通”的死亡观

人的一生,必将经历生存与死亡,古今中外的文学作品,均赋予其不同的阐释。拉关魔幻现实主义的经典作品《百年孤独》,紧扣“死亡与孤独”这一主题,传递着一个至高无上的生命在深受残酷现实的压迫,甚至死亡将至时的乐观豁达的人生态度,让读者领悟到深厚而独特的拉美文化及在其熏陶下人们对死亡的另一种理解。     

Community‐based early intervention for children with behavioural,emotional and social problems: evaluation of the Scallywags Scheme

Scallywags is a community‐based, early intervention programme for young children (aged 3–7) with behavioural, emotional and social problems, which integrates work in the home and school with a parenting curriculum and direct work with children. A pre‐post intervention study across multi‐sites of 340 participants is reported. Using standardised measures, the study found statistically significant reductions in problems at home and school experienced by children who completed the programme, and in parental stress levels. Participation was found to be high and the project acceptable to parents, many of whom would be described as hard to reach. The rigorous evaluation of this real‐life service and its positive outcomes highlight the potential of such programmes to tackle the needs of these children and families, and help prevent longer‐term problems associated with early onset behavioural problems, including social exclusion, antisocial behaviour and educational failure.     

An Evaluation of Latent Growth Models for Propensity Score Matched Groups

Because random assignment is not possible in observational studies, estimates of treatment effects might be biased due to selection on observable and unobservable variables. To strengthen causal inference in longitudinal observational studies of multiple treatments, we present 4 latent growth models for propensity score matched groups, and evaluate their performance with a Monte Carlo simulation study. We found that the 4 models performed similarly with respect to model fit, bias of parameter estimates, Type I error, and power to test the treatment effect. To demonstrate a multigroup latent growth model with dummy treatment indicators, we estimated the effect of students changing schools during elementary school years on their reading and mathematics achievement, using data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study Kindergarten Cohort.     

LESSONS LEARNED IN FOUR URBAN EARLY CHILDHOOD PROGRAMS AND THE IMPLICATIONS FOR TEACHER EDUCATION

Abstract

Teacher educators are often searching for methods and/or techniques to enhance and expand the content of their courses. As teacher educators, we do not want to introduce new methodology that detracts our students’ attention away from the course content. However, we need to keep our courses current and interesting for ourselves as well as for our students. Several teacher educators at one institution have begun including service‐learning projects into their preservice and inservice teachers’ courses as a way to augment the standard curriculum. The focus of this study is to illustrate how service‐learning was incorporated into the existing children's literature course and share the five cooperative projects that resulted from this integration.     

CAMPUS EARLY CHILDHOOD LABORATORY SCHOOLS: PARTNERS IN TEACHER EDUCATION PROGRAMS

Abstract

Making Theory and Development of Early Childhood Education come alive for elementary master's degree students in two learning sites offers opportunities and challenges. In constructing the class, a primary goal was to expose the students to the context under which early childhood educators developed programs and theories. Also, students were challenged to uncover the relationship that the education of young children had with social change and emerging human rights. Utilizing distance learning, contemporary books such as Who Moved My Cheese (Johnson, 1998) and a field trip to the National Civil Rights Museum and the Rock'n Soul Museum, students developed a sense of the place early childhood education had and continues to have in social change and the advancement of civil rights in this country.     

鞍山市3所幼儿园4~6岁幼儿饮食行为调查

为了解鞍山市不同幼儿园4-6岁幼儿饮食行为状况,本研究运用整群抽样的方法选取鞍山市3所不同层次幼儿园的256名幼儿,采用问卷调查和观察法对饮食行为进行调查。调查发现幼儿早餐状况参差不齐,存在过度零食、挑食、偏食现象。幼儿园需要有效开展营养教育,加强家园合作关系,共同培养幼儿健康饮食行为习惯。     

东周齐国封建官僚体制的形成过程

春秋早期的齐国继承了西周的乡遂制度,推行“三国五鄙制”。战国初期齐国县的职能有所增加,基层行政单位的里管理加强。但乡、州、里的上下统属关系还没有变,都作为县的上级行政机构还没有产生。战国中后期,都的下级行政组织州、县、乡、里上下统属关系确立,齐国封建政体最终形成。     

第一批留学生的派遣与中国教育的近代化

19世纪70年代,中国政府第一次派遣留学生去国外学习先进的科学技术,是在内外社会矛盾错综复杂的历史条件下产生的新事物。它开创了中国近代教育史上留学教育之先河,为我国教育的发展做出了重要贡献,极大地推动了中国教育的近代化发展。     

Benchmarking oral reading fluency in the early grades in Nguni languages

To prevent children from falling behind in the developmental sequence of reading, a shared vision of what reading success looks like is required. This paper provides the first benchmarks for early grade oral reading fluency that are necessary (albeit not sufficient) to read for meaning in three Nguni languages – isiZulu, isiXhosa and Siswati - belonging to the Southern Bantu family of African languages. In contrast with previous benchmarking methodologies, our approach is informed by a non-parametric analysis of longitudinal early grade reading assessment (EGRA) data, guided by reading development theory. The EGRA-type data used for this analysis is the largest compilation of data on early grade fluency in these languages, with comparative assessments for nearly 14,200 children. Analysing empirical regularities and reading trajectories, we identify a lower fluency threshold of 20 correct words per minute (cwpm) and an upper fluency benchmark of 35 cwpm for the early grades. These benchmarks contribute to guiding curriculum policy, provide specificity to improve tracking of literacy progress and address gaps in the literature on reading in African languages.