师范类大学生人际信任与家庭教养方式相关研究

为了探讨师范类大学生人际信任与家庭教养方式的关系,采用人际信任量表和父母养育方式评价量表对四川师范大学150名师范生进行问卷调查,并采用SPSS13.0进行数据处理和相关分析.统计结果显示,当代师范类大学生人际信任水平显著低于理论中值水平,不同群体(文理、城乡、性别、是否独生子女)间师范生人际信任水平差异无统计学意义;当代师范类大学生的家庭教养方式总体比较科学;当代师范生的人际信任与母亲的部分教养方式相关显著.     

明清之际传教士东来之历史背景

明清之际耶稣会士东来有着深刻的背景。首先是基督教本身有着普世化要求;其次是新教改革运动给天主教带来了很大的压力;最后是欧洲近代科技和地理大发现为其提供了实现之可能。在这些背景之下,耶稣会士大举东来。而在其宣传平等、博爱的口号下,隐含着其优越心态和侵略之情绪。     

An evaluation of curriculum, setting, and mentoring on the performance of children enrolled in pre-kindergarten

An alarming number of American pre-school children lack sufficient language and literacy skills to succeed in kindergarten. The type of curriculum that is available within pre-kindergarten settings can impact children's academic readiness. This work presents results from an evaluation of two language and literacy curricula (i.e., Let's Begin with the Letter People and Doors to Discovery) from a random assignment study that occurred within three settings (i.e., Head Start, Title 1, and universal pre-kindergarten) and included a control group. The design included a mentoring and non-mentoring condition that was balanced across sites in either curriculum condition. A pre and post-test design was utilized in the analyses, with children (n = 603) tested before the intervention and at the end of the year. Multilevel growth curve modeling, where the child outcomes (dependent measures) are modeled as a function of the child's level of performance and rate of growth between pre and post-testing, was used for all analyses. Results indicated that in many key language/literacy areas, the skills of children in classrooms using either one of the target curricula grew at greater rates than children in control classrooms. This was especially true in the Head Start programs. The findings from this study indicate that at-risk children can benefit from a well-specified curriculum. Additionally, findings demonstrate that a well-detailed curriculum appeared to be less important for children from higher income families. The impact of mentoring was less clear and seemed dependent on the type of skill being measured and type of program.     

家长气质及教养方式对幼儿自我效能感的影响研究

本研究以38名大班幼儿及其家长为研究对象,采用问卷、访谈和情景测试等方法,探讨了幼儿自我效能感与家长气质及教养方式之间的关系。结果表明:(1)幼儿自我效能感的个体差异较大。(2)幼儿自我效能感不存在性别差异。(3)家长气质类型不同,其子女的自我效能感有显著差异。(4)家长教养方式中的“情感支持与理解”因子与幼儿自我效能感存在显著正相关“,拒绝与否认”因子与幼儿自我效能感呈显著负相关。(5)家长气质与教养方式的某些因子有显著相关,由此推论出家长的内在气质通过外显的教养方式体现,家长的教养方式对幼儿的自我效能感产生直接影响。     

Supporting Young Children’s Efforts toward Peacemaking: Recommendations for Early Childhood Educators

Early childhood educators are in a unique position to provide peace education to young children and have been called to do so by their professional organizations. This article is intended to support early childhood educators in these endeavors by providing an overview of young children’s conceptions of peace, war, and peacemaking strategies. In addition, a theoretical framework for assessing young children’s conceptions of peacemaking is presented and recommendations for encouraging young children in their peacemaking efforts are suggested.     

Moving Developmental Constructs across Cultural Boundaries： Lessons from Cross-Cultural Research on Attachment and Parenting Styles

Increasingly, investigators have been asking the question： Are psychological constructs developed among Americans relevant or adequate for understanding Asians？ Two examples from developmental research （i.e., attachment, authoritative and authoritarian parenting styles） were used to answer this question. The evidence for and against the relevance and adequacy of these constructs for understanding Asian parenting and child development was described. The gaps that still exist in answering this question as well as implications for developing grand theories of socialization and development were discussed.     

Project InterActions: A Multigenerational Robotic Learning Environment

This paper presents Project InterActions, a series of 5-week workshops in which very young learners (4- to 7-year-old children) and their parents come together to build and program a personally meaningful robotic project in the context of a multigenerational robotics-based community of practice. The goal of these family workshops is to teach both parents and children about the mechanical and programming aspects involved in robotics, as well as to initiate them in a learning trajectory with and about technology. Results from this project address different ways in which parents and children learn together and provide insights into how to develop educational interventions that would educate parents, as well as children, in new domains of knowledge and skills such as robotics and new technologies.

Associations between teacher–child relationships and children's writing in kindergarten and first grade

When children experience conflict in relationships with their teachers during early education, they perform more poorly on measures of language development and overall academic competence. Whereas children who have close relationships with teachers, often perform better on these measures. A close teacher–child relationship may be important for children learning to write, given the complex and personal nature of writing. Yet, scholars have not examined associations between teacher–child relationship quality and children's early success in writing. The current study examined associations between quality of the teacher–child relationship (defined as teachers’ perceptions of closeness and conflict and children's feelings about teachers) and children's writing quality in kindergarten and first grade. Children's receptive language was also investigated as a moderator of these associations. Results indicated teacher–child conflict was significantly associated with children's writing quality, after accounting for grade level, initial reading status, and type of instruction. Findings of the study have important implications for future research and practice. Attention to the importance of conflict in teacher–child relationships and its’ influence on children's literacy learning and development should be included in future research studies.