唐大圆生卒年辨证

唐大圆是中国近现代佛教史上值得深入研究的著名佛教学者,而众多佛学工具辞书对其生年模糊不清,卒年歧说纷纭。通过收集与解读族谱、唐氏自撰文著及有关方志文史资料等文献可以推断,唐大圆生于1885年,卒于1941年。     

百年来的近代汉语词缀研究

自《马氏文通》始,我国学界对汉语词缀的研究已百又十年了,学者对词缀的认识愈发深入,从一开始的虚词、助词、词缀不分,到对三者有了较为明确的界说。但就词缀的辨别标准,特别是判断具体的某一个汉语语素是否词缀的问题上,仍然众说纷纭。今后对此问题研究应该朝着简化判别标准或者确立主要标准的方向演进。     

清末民初云南地方法治的社会政治环境考察——以中央与地方关系为视角

在中央新政改革和云南地方自治逐步推进的特殊背景下,清末民初的云南地方法治运行及其条件十分复杂,它以消除领事裁判权的存在及其割裂司法权的威胁等为动因,是政治、经济、文化等多种因素相互交织影响,国家、地方官员、地方精英等各方力量彼此博弈与妥协的动态过程。其正向意义是奠定了地方自治的前提,为宪政发展作了准备;其负面效应则是它在一定程度上造成了法治力量在地方的客观性弥散化。     

建党90年来中国共产党形象建设的经验启示

建党90年来,中国共产党始终重视形象建设。总结党在形象建设上的历史经验,同时适应形势的发展变化,不断探索创新形象建设的形式和方法,对于提高党的执政能力、巩固党的执政地位、始终保持党的生机活力具有重要意义。     

30年来我国高校图书馆发展概述

30余年来,我国高校图书馆历经基础建设、大发展和转型发展三个时期,由传统走向现代,由单一走向合作,由手工走向自动化。当前,高校图书馆正面临信息社会和知识经济的挑战,以及新技术对图书馆管理的革命。     

道家道教对杜甫中晚年时期的影响

道家道教思想对杜甫中晚年时期的影响是十分明显的,这不但表现在他的两首同题《望岳》诗中,也表现在他的其他诗歌作品和寻仙访道的行为中。杜甫中晚年时期思想感情和人生态度发生的这些变化并非是生命的放逐与堕落,而是他由生命的外在追求向生命内在本原回归,这也是一种历史的必然。     

Child and family traumatic stress intervention (CFTSI) reduces parental posttraumatic stress symptoms: A multi-site meta-analysis (MSMA)

BackgroundFollowing traumatization, caregiver support is a crucial factor contributing to children's successful management of posttraumatic reactions and their recovery. Caregivers who have been traumatically impacted themselves, however, may be compromised in this posttraumatic caregiving role. Although there are a number of evidence-based child trauma treatments that are effective in reducing children's trauma symptoms, the impact of child treatment on participating caregiver's posttraumatic symptoms (PTS) has received less attention.ObjectiveExplore PTS reduction caregivers experience through participation in their child's evidence-based trauma-focused mental health treatment.Participants and setting640 Child-Caregiver dyads referred for the Child and Family Traumatic Stress Intervention (CFTSI) following formal disclosure of abuse in a Child Advocacy Center (CAC).MethodsData were collected from 10 community treatment sites trained in CFTSI. A multi-site meta-analytic approach was used to evaluate pooled and site-specific therapeutic effect sizes for caregivers and children.ResultsCFTSI was associated with significant changes (Hedge's g = 1.17, Child-rated; g = 0.66, caregiver-rated) in children's PTS and with clinically meaningful improvements in PTS for 62% of participating caregivers who had started CFTSI with clinical levels of PTS as measured by the Post Traumatic Checklist–Civilian Version (PCL-C). The overall mean PCL-C change (9.31, SD = 12.9) in paired, pre-post PCL-C scores is close to a clinically meaningful change of 10 or higher. There was a robust moderate pooled effect size (g = 0.70, N = 640, p < 0.0001).ConclusionThe value of a reduction in caregiver PTS as a secondary outcome of children's trauma-focused treatment is discussed.     

Emotional and behavior problems in adopted children – The role of early adversities and adoptive parents’ regulation and behavior

BackgroundEarly adversity and negative experiences in the adoptive family can put adopted children at risk for emotional and behavior problems.ObjectiveThis study analyzes the influence of children’s preadoptive history and adoptive parents’ characteristics on the psychosocial adjustment of nationally and internationally adopted children in Germany.Participants and settingThe survey included 172 adopted children aged between 24 and 145 months and their adoptive parents.MethodsParents provided information about preadoptive history. Information about emotional and behavior problems was obtained from the parental version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Parental well-being was obtained through a composite score of three standardized measures (self-efficacy questionnaire, Perceived Stress Scale PSS-4, Brief Symptom Inventory BSI); parenting behavior was assessed with the Alabama Parenting Questionnaire (DEAPQ).Results12.5% of the adopted children scored in the clinical range of the SDQ. In a multiple regression analysis, the experience of maltreatment and neglect was the most important predictor of emotional and behavior problems at time of assessment, followed by pre- and perinatal risk and parental stress regulation difficulties, R² = .423, F(4, 128) = 28.539. Increases in the number of risk factors present were associated with a greater odd of children scoring in the clinical range of the SDQ.ConclusionsMost of the nationally and internationally adopted children in this sample were well-adjusted. Prenatal and preadoptive risk as well as stress regulation capacities of the main caregiver contributed to the child’s development. An accumulation of risks increased the likelihood of adjustment problems in adopted children.     

From care to education and work? Education and employment trajectories in early adulthood by children in out-of-home care

BackgroundTemporal dynamics during the early adulthood transition among children in out-of-home care is a neglected research area, leaving the possibility of coping with childhood adversity over time a poorly understood topic.ObjectiveTo explore early adulthood education and employment trajectories among young adults who experienced out-of-home care during childhood and to examine how various care history factors predict these trajectories.ParticipantsWe use longitudinal birth cohort data comprising individual-level information from national registers of all children born in Finland in 1987 (N = 59,476, of whom 1893 were in care).Setting and methodsWe use trajectory clustering from a previous study on the 1987 birth cohort to compare trajectories between children in care and a propensity score–matched group of peers never in care. We investigated the association between care history factors and trajectories with multinomial logistic regression modeling.ResultsCompared with the matched peer group, children in care were less likely to enter trajectories characterized by education and employment (38%) and more likely to enter trajectories involving early parenthood (14%) or long periods of fragmented social assistance benefit receipt and unemployment (21%). Those on early parenthood trajectories were almost exclusively women, whereas those receiving social assistance benefits and experiencing unemployment for lengthy periods were mostly men. Entering disadvantaged trajectories was associated with, inter alia, placement as an adolescent, residential care, and aging out of care.ConclusionThe study demonstrates the relevance of examining longitudinal trajectories in children in care’s early adulthood. Many young adults with care experience need support in education and employment beyond young adult age.     

加入WTO后十年中国汽车工业发展策略研究

2001-2010年是是中国汽车发展史上关键的十年,中国汽车产业的专业化、集中化、国际化趋势越来越明显。蓬勃发展的汽车市场和日臻完善的汽车产业政策使汽车产业进入规范化、规模化、集约化的发展轨道。该文旨在梳理和回顾入世后十年来对中国汽车发展产生重大影响的企业微观策略及政府宏观策略。