Trends in the payoff to academic and occupation-specific skills: the short and medium run returns to academic and vocational high school courses for non-college-bound students

Using data from three longitudinal surveys of American high school students, I show that vocational courses helped non-college-bound students to start their work life more successfully. A comparison of the returns to academic and vocational course work for non-college-bound students who graduated in 1972, 1980 and 1992 finds that the short and medium term payoffs to vocational courses rose substantially between 1972 and 1980 and remained high in 1992. Holding a host of variables constant, academic course work had much smaller labour market payoffs than vocational course work. These findings contradict the often repeated claim that employers now seek workers with a good general education and are happy to teach the occupation specific skills necessary to do the job. High school students who do not plan to attend college full-time would be well advised to start studying a well paying occupation before they complete high school. [JEL: I20, J23, J24]     

知识经济与高校体育观的变革

作为高等教育重要组成部分的高校体育必须主动变革,以培养适应和推动知识经济发展并保证自身可持续发展的高素质人才,并在知识经济发展的带动下,走出一条可持续发展的改革之路     

高新技术产业风险投资的期权特征与经济评价

高新技术产业风险投资作为一种新型的投融资体制,蕴育着极大风险。在选择项目时,投资者不仅要考虑项目的技术风险,而且要对项目的市场风险做出全面的评估。基于未来现金流现值期望的评价方法是目前被普遍采用的方法,然而这种方法忽视了投资时机的最优选择问题。对此,本文引入美式期权定价模型,从一个全新的视角,构建了竞争市场中投资项目经济风险的评价模型。     

论知识经济时代科技期刊编辑的作用

论述知识经济时代科技期刊编辑的重要作用 ,即对知识的传播作用、鉴审作用、增值作用、培养创新意识作用和扶植科技人才作用等。     

逆城市化趋势及城市规模扩展机制的经济学分析

城市化水平的提高是促进我国经济增长的重要因素,为了更好的推进城市化进程,就必须了解城市化的规律。研究表明,城市化高度发展的发达国家都曾经历或正在经历逆城市化。逆城市化是城市化另一种表现。本文在充分探索了一些主要国家"逆城市化"过程的基础上,从经济学理论角度通过分析区位地租衰减以及级差地租规律分析了城市化过程中居民点的布局一般行为选择。     

KRL_MLCCL: Multi-label classification based on contrastive learning for knowledge representation learning under open world

Knowledge representation learning(KRL) transforms knowledge graph(KG) from symbol space to vector space. However, KRL under open world assumption(OWA) is deeply trapped in the dilemma of lack of labels due to difficulty or high cost in labeling. To address this problem, we propose KRL_MLCCL:Multi-Label Classification based on Contrastive Learning(CL) Knowledge Representation Learning method. Specifically, (1)we formalize a problem of solving true knowledge graph objects(KGOs) matchings(KGOMs) under the OWA in the original KGOM sample space(KGOMSS)(multi-label classification with one known true matching(positive-example)). (2)we solve the problem in the new KGOMSS, generated through augmenting the true matching according to CL’s idea(multi-label classification with multiple known true matching). (3)we score the true matchings based on hermitian inner product and softmax and minimize a negative logarithm likelihood loss to establish KRL_MLCCL model preliminarily. (4)we migrate the learned model back to the original KGOMSS to solve the true matching problem. We creatively design and apply a positive-example augmentation way of CL enabling KRL_MLCCL with back migration ability: “pulling KGOs in true matching close and pushing KGOs in false matching away”, which helps KRL out of the labels shortage dilemma faced in modeling. We also propose a negative-example noise filtering algorithm to enhance this ability. The open world entity prediction(OWEP) experiment on dataset FB15K-237-OWE shows that the performance of KRL_MLCCL is increased by 3% in Hits@10 and 1.32% in MRR compared with the state-of-the-art in the baselines. The experiments of OWEP in KG also show that KRL_MLCCL has a better back migration ability.     

信息可视化与知识组织*

讨论信息可视化、知识组织的基本问题，并结合实例分析主题地图和本体的可视化。     

Web of Knowledge及其检索功能研究

分析了知网信息量大、链接多、检索功能全等特点,同时也指出了知网操作复杂等缺陷.     

浅析产学研科技创新界面障碍破题的关键

产学研合作模式存在着科技创新中“二次技术开发”的界面障碍问题。这个界面障碍严重制约了企校科技进步和国民经济又好又快的可持续发展。文章通过分析产学研科技创新界面障碍的成因,定位企校在创新型国家建设中的位置,从企校的科技创新机制、方式上阐述对界面障碍问题进行破题。指出科技风险创新资金是破解界面障碍的有效方式之一,要根本解决这个障碍,企业技术进步的需求方向是破解产学研科技创新界面障碍的关键所在。     

面向馆员的知识激励研究

分析了知识激励的概念与成因,阐述图书馆实施知识激励必要性,并从知识获取激励、知识共享激励、知识创新激励三个方面探讨图书馆实施知识激励的方法.