国际视野下督学责任区制度发展与模式研究 ——基于对湖南省的调研

督学责任区制度是教育督导制度的重要组成部分,各主要发达国家的教育督导制度都包含督学责任区制度这一内容.近年来在我国开始推行这一制度的过程中,既借鉴了国外的有益经验,又形成了我国自己特色,进行自己的创新,特别是湖南省在督学责任区建设方面卓有成效.通过调研,我们发现湖南省督学责任区制度方面主要有三种模式:异地集中办公模式(醴陵模式);驻校模式;分离模式.督学责任区制度在学校常规督导、规范办学行为、开辟家长反映意见途径等方面发挥了积极作用,但也存在着督学责任区职能定位、人员专业化和模式的合理性等问题.     

Enhancing the link between higher education and employment

This study aims to improve the efficiency of fiscal assistance programs for higher education by investigating those variables that influence college graduates’ employment rates. An empirical analysis of 2010–2011 higher education statistics shows that two variables – educational expenditure per student and the number of students per full-time faculty member – consistently and significantly affect college graduates’ employment rates, even after location and type of school are controlled. Although scholarship rates also affect employment rates positively, the number of students per industry–academe liaison officer does not have a statistically significant effect. Moreover, as educational expenditure per student or the student/faculty ratio increases beyond a certain level, graduate employment improves at an increasing rate. The two variables also affect the employment rate interactively. At a relatively higher level of per-student expenditure, employment rates increase even as the student/faculty ratio rises. However, at a relatively lower level of per-student expenditure, employment rates decline as the student/faculty ratio rises.The policy implication is that fiscal assistance programs for higher educational institutions should accord a much greater weight to these key variables when selecting and assessing institutional recipients.     

Do teachers’ wages matter for proficiency? Evidence from a funding reform in Brazil

This paper uses the 1998 reform in the funding of fundamental education in Brazil (FUNDEF) to identify the effect of teachers’ wages on the proficiency of public school pupils. Wages are set by legislation at the local level and this reform established a floor on the share of expenditures on teacher wages out of total revenues in each Brazilian State and Municipality. The evidence using micro-data suggests that increases in relative wages within the public system brought about by the reform had a positive impact on the students’ proficiency.     

教育技术学领域要强化人文思想的渗透

从人文主义观点出发,教育教学是寓人创造性劳动的活动,而创造性劳动的实质是人自身价值的实现.为了促成人的价值最大实现,作为人价值体现的技术往往成为人追求更大实现自身价值的依托和工具.从人本质对象化这个结果出发,过分抽象强调人与技术的关系必然导致唯技术论、“人的主体意识”夸大论.所以,价值的本质是人本质的对象化,在教育技术学领域强化人文思想的渗透,其核心就是强调人的价值实现这个根本问题.     

Job-related requirements and competences of educational science graduates

All over the world, universities have to cope with the mission to promote the employability of their graduates, implying that competences should be trained which are relevant for the professional experience. In this context, it is of special interest where graduates work and what they are doing at work. In this study we focus on educational science graduates (N = 1565) and compare them to graduates of other study programmes (N = 10,224). Using data of the German DZHW graduate panel 2005 (N = 11,789), we address the questions (1) in which fields graduates of educational science work, (2) whether a theoretical-based four-dimensional internal structure of graduates’ job-related requirements and competences can be confirmed, (3) what kind of self-rated requirements educational science graduates experience at work, and (4) which self-rated levels of competences they possess, compared to other graduates. The analyses show that most graduates of educational science find an appropriate job in a clearly educational setting and that generic competences (systematic, social, and personal competences) are rated as more important than knowledge processing.     

论廖家骅的音乐教育思想

廖家骅先生作为当代中国音乐理论家、音乐教育家,为中国音乐教育学科的发展奠定了重要的基础,可称为“中国音乐教育学科的领路人”。基于对廖家骅学术成果的系统梳理,从其对音乐审美特性、音乐教育审美特性、音乐教育与审美心理和智力发展等方面的研究总结其音乐教育美育观;从其对高师音乐教育人才培养的职责、高师音乐教育培养目标等问题的关注概括其音乐教育通才观;从其对一线音乐教学、教育现状等现实问题与实践性问题的关注与评论提炼其音乐教育实践观,从而对他的音乐教育思想进行全面阐释。对廖家骅音乐教育思想的研究既是对我国音乐教育事业发展成就的总结与回顾,也是对我国当代音乐教育进一步发展的启示与借鉴。     

教育技术走向何方:从异化的预测到可选择的未来

对未来的憧憬与预判是人类的天性。教育技术工作者科学、前瞻地分析未来的可能性与现实桎梏,对教育技术发展具有至关重要的战略意义。然而当前教育技术学界对未来的预测言论,主要由秉持技术是变革未来教育的最重要驱动力的开发者和推广者发布,技术的使用者不但缺少话语权,还承受着预测失败的风险。当前教育技术的未来预测存在缺乏教育教学经验、缺少行动验证、单一技术视角解读未来情景,以及忽视教育教学主体等不足。对技术的轻信或迷信,使得部分未来预测呈现出有悖教育教学规律的倾向,是以物的逻辑压制人类言行。这类缺乏科学根据与方法的未来预测,内隐工具主义、空想主义、乐观主义、形式主义、效率主义、利益主义等价值导向,导致其走向庸俗化、娱乐化、随性化、浅表化,极大地限制了未来教育进步和人全面发展的可能性。教育技术的未来是实现了教师解放的"可选择的未来"。"可选择"意味着要打破被技术左右的工具性认识,追求事物发展的无限可能性,将更多的教育技术利益相关者纳入未来预测的过程之中,实现从现实技术压迫走向未来技术解放。"可选择的"教育技术未来预测,必须坚持发展的观点和联系的观点,随着技术、实践以及人类理念的变化,从人和现实出发,以科学的研究方法洞察未来。     

大数据时代班级管理平台的开发与应用研究

利用网络技术的先进性来实现班级管理的自动化,是信息时代大数据背景下的学校班级管理的实践创新和理论重建。该文设计开发的“中小学班级管理平台”,不仅能提高班级管理的效率和精确度,并且能给学生提供开拓视野、参与班级活动的平台,既使学校的管理科学化、正规化,又能调动学生参与班级管理的积极性、主动性;该文初步架构出学校班级管理现代化与校长课程领导力的关联模型,为学校课程实施水平的实质提升提供了一种新的促进机制。     

Group-based educational inequalities in India: Have major education policy interventions been effective?

Despite seven decades of policy thrust, group-based educational inequalities persist in India. The tenacious social group-based stratification often proves to be a hurdle for educational participation policies to be effectively rolled out. Given these realities, this study reviews all major national education policy interventions since t 1950s. Using four rounds of National Sample Survey (NSS) data, we analysed the pattern of educational attainments in terms of Average Years of Schooling (AYS) and educational inequalities in India for the period 1994-2012. Three indices of inequality - Gini, Theil’s enttropy and Atkinson - have been constructed to study inequality by gender, place of residence and social groups. . We also empirically estimated the determinants of educational attainments in India by using OLS and Tobit Models. Further using the Oaxaca-Blinder Decomposition technique, we analysed the educational attainment gaps between groups. The study concludes that policy interventions have done little to reduce the group-based educational attainment gap and it’s time to place improved focus on secondary and higher education while continuing the efforts in primary education.