Educational Research for Policy and Practice in Japan – With Particular Reference to Youth Education

Based upon the Fundamental Law of Education, Japanese school education system has long been a source of pride for the country as a result of the high school participation rate, the homogeneity of compulsory education throughout the country. However, the confidence of the people in its schools is now showing severe signs of strain and fatigue. In recent years, there have been many reports about the growing seriousness of a number of educational problems having to do with young people in their childhood and adolescence. Since the mid-1970s, a number of problems have been highlighted. They include violent behavior, juvenile crimes, bullying, refusal to attend school, dropping out at secondary level of education, and corporal punishment. Against the above background, based on recommendations from such advisory bodies as the Central Council for Education and the National Commission on Education Reform, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology (MEXT) has adopted a range of policies and launched a series of educational reform programmes. For instance, what is called “Rainbow Plan”, based on the final report submitted by the National Commission on Education Reform, provides the country with basic guidelines for the educational reform in the near future. Roles of educational research for making policies have been of significance. Research initiated by the National Institute for Educational Policy Research (NIER) and the National Federation of Educational Policy Research Institutes (NFERI) is an example of contributions to the development of educational qualities in the country. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

校园网建设的策略及原则

该文针对目前各级各类学校建设校园网风靡全国的现状 ,提出了基于Internet的校园网建设的教育目的、策略、流程图 ,并进一步分析、总结、提出设计建设校园网的教育性原则及其他原则     

The “A” factor: Coming to terms with the question of legacy in South African education

This paper attempts to offer an alternative framework for assessing education delivery in South Africa. Its purpose is to develop an analytic approach for understanding education delivery in South Africa in the last 11 years and to use this framework to pose a set of strategic questions about how policy might be framed to deal with delivery. The paper begins with a quick review of the country's achievements and challenges in education and shows that a failure to produce a high quality education system remains the country's primary challenge. The broad approach that is taken is to suggest that dominant approaches for understanding this lack of performance underplay the specificity of the country's context and specifically so its apartheid legacy. This legacy, it is argued, continues to be determinative in shaping, and accounting for the character of current social behaviour in the country, including the performance of children in schools.     

远程教育的全球化趋势——论远程教育系统（四）

开放与远程教育的全球化趋势和现状，在趋同与一体化的同时，多元化与多样化是全球化中同时并存、相辅相成的两大趋势，中国加入世贸组织后，人才共享、教育共享将加速中国的现代化进程，同时使我们对人类明的进步作出更大的贡献。     

出版社实现竞争优势的途径探析

图书市场的竞争日趋激烈,不管愿意与否,出版社已被推入了全面参与市场竞争的现实。如何在市场中求得生存和发展,是出版社面临的挑战。本文从出版社宏观管理的层面提出制定明确的发展战略,准确的市场定位和产品定位,持续的选题开发能力,锻造良好的品牌形象是出版社实现竞争优势的着眼点和途径。     

Does prior mathematics knowledge really lead to variation in elementary statistics performance? Evidence from a developing country

A model incorporating prerequisite mathematics performance and other variables deemed to be associated with learning elementary statistics (ES) is developed. The relationship between ES performance and the explanatory variables is well represented by the logistics form. Aptitude, effort and motivation are the only significant explanatory variables of ES performance. Since prerequisite mathematics is not significant, statistical thinking at the tertiary level may be mostly intuitive and non-mathematical. Students with low aptitude experience increasing returns to effort over the first half of the feasible effort interval, while high-aptitude students experience diminishing returns at all levels of effort. The levels of effort required to achieve a minimum pass are interpreted.     

学校亟需信息主管

改革传统教学模式,培养未来公民的信息素质,规范各类教育信息资源,学校管理创新等,在教育信息化进程中,学校亟需信息主管从深化教育体制改革的战略高度统筹规划。学校信息主管应做好教育信息化网络平台建设,教育信息化资源建设,教育信息化在教学、科研、管理行为中的渗透,学校教育信息化氛围的形成四个层面的工作。学校信息主管应同时具备教育技术学、计算机科学、现代教育管理等方面的知识。     

Conceptual change through vicarious learning in an authentic physics setting

Recent research on principles of best practice for designing effective multimedia instruction has rarely taken into account students’ alternative conceptions, which are known to strongly influence learning. The goal of this study was to determine how well students of quantum mechanics could learn ‘vicariously’ by watching a student-tutor dialogue based on alternative conceptions. Two video treatments were created to summarize key aspects of quantum tunneling, a fundamental quantum mechanical phenomenon. One video depicted a student-tutor dialogue, incorporating many of the common alternative conceptions on the topic, and resolving inconsistencies in reasoning through discussion. The other presented the same correct physics material in an expository style without alternative conceptions. Second year physics students were randomly assigned to one of the two treatments and were tested before and after watching the video during a lecture. Results show a statistically significant (p < .01) advantage for the learners in the dialogue treatment (d = 0.71). Follow-up interviews of students yielded insight into the affective and cognitive benefits of the dialogue video.     

信息主权视域下我国科技期刊及平台发展策略研究

以互联网为背景的信息全球化给传统国家主权带来了严峻的考验,发展中国家的信息主权正受到挑战。文章结合当下形势,分析了国际出版集团的负面影响,提出必须积极加以应对:形成价格联盟,降低采购价;构建健康合理的数字出版产业链;建设以我国为主、开放合作的大型科技期刊数字出版平台,并以此为依托,建立论文检索数据库和索引数据库,打造中国学术评价体系,掌握学术话语权,帮助中国科技期刊提升影响力,让优秀科研成果发表在本土,保证我国信息安全。     

OA出版技术进展及对国内OA论文可见度的启示

开放获取(Open Access,OA)出版平台及OA论文的查找定位技术在近5年飞速壮大。虽然学术出版界对OA论文在引用上的优势已达成共识,但是OA论文的传播途径和获取可见度的方式仍然模糊。本文通过分析近年来OA出版平台技术、索引技术及查找定位技术的发展,深入了解它们的运作机制,从而梳理出OA论文出版体系,描绘了OA论文的传播路径,并借此分析国内OA出版在技术上的短板及未来发展方向,提出了提升国内OA论文可见度的具体实施措施,以利于提高我国OA学术出版在国际上的影响力。