Emotional experience, expression, and regulation of high-quality Japanese elementary school teachers

The present study investigates the emotional experience, expression, and regulation processes of high-quality Japanese elementary school teachers while they interact with children, in terms of teachers’ emotional competence. Qualitative analysis of interview data demonstrated that teachers had various emotional experiences including self-elicited negative emotions. The major expression patterns were identified as direct staging and the suppression of emotions. Teachers considered emotion expression in front of children as a skill, and their emotion regulation processes involved considering various purposes, appropriately using emotion expression, and ideal teacher images. The findings suggest that high-quality teachers effectively use emotional competence in teaching.     

Transition to formal schooling: Do transition practices matter for academic performance?

This study examined whether the transition practices implemented in preschool-elementary school pairs contribute to children's academic development during the first year of elementary school. Participants were 398 children who moved from 36 preschools to 22 elementary schools in two Finnish towns. Children were tested in respect to their reading, writing, and math skills in the preschool spring and in the grade 1 spring. The most common practices reported by preschool teachers were discussions about the school entrants and familiarizing preschool children with the school environment and the new teacher. Multilevel latent growth modeling showed that the more the preschool teachers and elementary-school teachers implemented various supportive activities during the preschool year, the faster the children's skills developed from preschool to grade 1 spring. Co-operation over curricula and passing on written information about children between the preschool and the elementary school were the best predictors of the children's skills, although they were the least commonly used practices. The need to restructure the transition to elementary school and the use of multiprofessional resources are discussed.     

Academic delay of gratification and children's study time allocation as a function of proximity to consequential academic goals

Students (N = 302) in Chinese elementary schools were assessed regarding their academic delay of gratification (ADOG) and reported the time they devoted to non-school study and playtime during an extended interval prior to taking a high-stakes final exam. Students high compared those low in ADOG were more likely to spend time studying and less time playing several weeks prior to the exam. Growth curve analyses verified, however, that this difference diminished as a function of the temporal proximity to the exam, and that the group differences were non-existent just before the exam. Associations between ADOG and students' academic motivation and use of learning strategies replicated those obtained previously with adults in the USA. Results contribute to the general literatures on volition, homework and the dynamics of conflicting goals and action tendencies.     

The cross-lagged relations between children’s academic skill development, task-avoidance, and parental beliefs about success

This longitudinal study investigated the cross-lagged associations between children’s academic skill development, task-avoidant behaviour in the context of homework, and parental beliefs about their child’s success from kindergarten to Grade 2. The participants were 1267 children. The children’s pre-skills were assessed at the end of the kindergarten year, and math and reading skills at the end of Grade 1 and Grade 2. Parents provided ratings of their beliefs about their children’s school success and task-avoidant behaviour with regard to homework at the end of Grades 1 and 2. The results showed that children’s math and reading skills predicted children’s task-avoidant behaviour regarding homework as rated by mothers, but not by fathers, when autoregressive effects were taken into account. In addition, task-avoidant behaviour predicted the mothers’ subsequent beliefs about their children’s school success but not vice versa. A reciprocal effect was found between fathers’ beliefs about success and children’s task-avoidance.     

在中小学开展武术散打运动的可行性形式的探究

武术散打作为我国传统体育项目,有着悠久的历史,是具有实用价值的对抗性体育项目。由于其激烈的对抗性和技击性,出于安全考虑,至今还未能在中小学开展和普及。通过参照国外同类体育项目的成功运作经验,结合教学实践,文章欲对在中小学开展武术散打运动的可行性方式进行分析阐述。     

“X什么Y”构式分析

＂X什么Y＂构式有两种构成方式：一是X和Y为同一单音节行为动词,形成＂V什么V＂构式;二是由动宾式结构VN中间插入＂什么＂构成,形成＂V什么N＂构式。该构式可归结为拷贝式＂话题—情态＂构式,这是一种语用否定构式,其核心构式义为＂否定＂,非核心义为＂责备＂和＂提醒＂。     

基于主题句相似度的标题党新闻鉴别技术研究

针对目前网络上的标题党新闻,提出一种标题党新闻自动识别的算法。通过分析新闻网页构成的特点,抽取出新闻标题和新闻正文;以句子关系矩阵为基础,提出一种以语句为单位的主题句抽取算法;根据句子相似度计算结果来进行判断。实验表明,本方法的识别精度可达到80%,是一种有效的方法。     

浅析如何有效提高教学的时间效益

在教学的诸要素中,时间对教学的影响往往是隐性的,尤其是因制度和观念的落后所造成的时间浪费危害更大而不易被直观察觉,因此在实践中存在着大量教学时间的无谓遗失。文章试图结合教学时间在实践中的两种主要表现形式:教学时间的宏观结构和微观结构,来分析和探索如何有效提高教学的时间效益。     

浅析出版企业成长的结构效应

结构效应是推动企业由简单到复杂、由低级到高级成长的重要途径。要发挥出版企业成长的结构效应,需要对出版企业的组织结构、战略结构和资源结构进行调整与优化。     

基于完全分解模型的中国万元GDP用水量变动及因素分析

本文引入Laspeyres指数及其完全分解方法思想,构建万元GDP用水量的完全分解模型,从产业和地区两个层面对我国1997年至2009年万元GDP用水量的变动进行分解分析。研究结果显示,1997年-2009年,我国万元GDP用水量呈显著下降趋势,技术进步和结构调整是推动其大幅下降的两个重要因素;在产业层面,技术进步引发...