The Effects of Sex and Gender Role Orientation on Approach-Based Coping Strategies Across Cultures: A Moderated Mediation Model

This study explores the mediation effect of gender role orientation on the influence of sex on coping strategies and how the mediation effects differ across the two cultures of the United States and China. A total of 478 respondents (243 Americans and 235 resident Chinese) participated in this study. Employing Hayes’ (2013) PROCESS for testing moderated mediation models using conditional process analysis, we found that femininity mediated the influence of sex on both emotional and instrumental coping, and the mediation effects were significantly different between American participants and Chinese participants. We also found that national culture moderated the influence of sex on coping strategies when gender role orientation was being held constant. This study adopts an integrated model of sex, gender role orientation, culture, and coping. This model allows us to examine both general and specific relationships among interested variables, which contributes to existing literature in several ways.     

商范畴的幂等完备化

设M是加法范畴C上的理想,若商范畴C／M是幂等可提升的,令M={a∈Mor（C）｜a∈M）,本文证明商范畴C/M与对范畴C／M的幂等完备化范畴C/M是范畴等价的．     

以“先知”定“先胜”——论孙子的临战情报准备思想

孙子重视以"先知"为核心的临战情报准备工作,这一工作在战略决策和战略计划制定过程中具有重要作用。孙子的临战情报准备思想主要包括情报搜集,即通过"五间俱起"的途径实现"知彼知己"和"知天知地";情报分析;情报保密与反情报工作等基本内容。孙子还就每项基本内容配以相应的运行原则,从而真正实现临战情报的准备工作。这一思想在信息化条件下的局部战争中,仍具有重要意义,即临战情报准备是运用威慑战略的基础,也是获取初战胜利的保障。     

利用Thomson Data Analyzer专利分析工具的专利分析实例研究

随着企业以技术为核心的综合实力的竞争越来越激烈,专利分析也越来越受到各个企业的重视。探讨了专利分析工具Thomson DataAnalyzer(TDA)的功能,并针对牙膏生产技术展开专利分析。实践证明,TDA凭借聚类等优势,在专利分析方面作用明显。     

偏序半群的偏序同态与商序同态的若干重要性质

通过偏序半群的左理想和理想化子,对偏序半群的偏序同态与商序同态的性质进行了刻画。     

智力理论的发展对韦克斯勒测验方法的影响

韦克斯勒智力测验是继比纳-西蒙智力量表后的又一个重要的智力测验,在世界上广泛使用,测验所得到的智商也有通用性,但是随着现代智力理论的新发展,韦克斯勒智力测验也受到了一定的影响,显现了两个不足之处:测验编制的理论基础不全面,测量误差的控制不完善。     

Classroom interaction and literacy activities in kindergarten: Longitudinal links to Grade 1 readers at risk and not at risk of reading difficulties

The purpose of the present study is to establish how the quality of kindergarten classroom interactions and the frequency of literacy activities affect reading development among Grade 1 children—both those who are at risk and not at risk of developing reading difficulties. Interaction was assessed in terms of classroom organization, and the level of emotional and instructional support offered in 49 kindergarten classrooms in Finland using the CLASS (Classroom Assessment Scoring System). Kindergarten teachers also recorded the frequency of literacy activities in their classrooms. The phonological awareness and letter knowledge of 515 children (i.e., their pre-reading skills) were assessed at the end of kindergarten, as were their reading skills at the start and at the end of Grade 1. Eighty-seven of these children were identified in kindergarten as being likely to develop reading difficulties. The results showed that emotional support and classroom organization in kindergarten were positively associated with the development of children’s reading skills across Grade 1, especially for those prone to reading difficulties. They also showed that frequent literacy activities in kindergarten were positively related to children’s reading skills shortly after entering Grade 1. All the positive longitudinal associations were stronger for those children seen to be at risk of developing reading difficulties than for those not at risk.     

论智能化多媒体课室的设计

为了解决多媒体教室管理与维护工作中设备防盗、教室开放、设备操作使用等方面的问题，提出了智能化多媒体课室的设计原则和设计思想。     

论第三产业的分化发展及第四产业的基本特征

社会分工的发展必然导致经济职能的分化。为了研究问题的方便，经济学家提出了“三次产业分类法”的思想，并将农业、工业和服务行业分别划分为第一、第二和第三行业。但是，由于时代的局限性，第三产业的划分，不但存在着简单化的弊端，而且存在着概念上的混淆。因此，将“智能行业”从“服务行业”中分化出来，称之为“第四产业”，既是对理论的深化，也是实践的要求。     

Treatment and follow-up of children with transient congenital hypothyroidism

Objective: To study the clinical therapy and prognosis in children with transient congenital hypothyroidism (CH).Methods: Fifty-seven children with CH diagnosed after neonatal screening were treated with low-dosage levothyroxine (L-T4).Follow-up evaluation included the determination of TT3, TT4 and TSH serum levels and the assessment of thyroid gland morphology, bone age, growth development and development quotients (DQ). A full check-up was performed at age 2, when the affected children first discontinued the L-T4 treatment for 1 month, and one year later. Development quotients were compared (16.25±3.87) μg/d. Mean duration of therapy was (28.09±9.56) months. No significant difference was found between study group and control group in the DQ test (average score (106.58± 14.40) vs (102.4±8.6), P＞0.05) and 96.49% of the CH children achieved a test score above 85. Bone age, 99mTc scans and ultrasonographic findings were all normal, and evaluation of physical development was normal too, as were the serum levels of TT3, TT4 and TSH after one year of follow-up. Conclusion: A L-T4 dosage of and physical development at age 2. So it is possible for CH children to stop taking medicine if their laboratory findings and physical development are all normal after regular treatment and 2～3 years of follow-up.