开放式教学实验室综合评价体系与方法初探

在深入分析高校教学实验室评价指标体系构建原则的基础上,结合开放式教学实验室的特点,构建了开放式教学实验室的两层评价指标体系;针对评价体系的"多层次"、"灰色"等特征,提出了基于多层次灰色关联度分析的综合评价方法;为了避免权重确定的主观性,引入了熵值法确定各指标权重系数。案例分析验证了方法的正确性和有效性。该方法可为开放式教学实验室客观、准确、科学的综合评价提供依据。     

基于粗糙集近似的信息熵

粗糙集理论中提出的不确定性测量方法只依赖于一个论域的划分和基数,独立于粗糙集上下近似,而粗糙集理论的基本思想是通过上、下近似来描述不完整或不精确的概念。本文基于粗糙集近似提出了一种新的信息熵函数,并对其单调性问题加以研究。     

基于熵权-TOPSIS-灰色关联法的能源大数据增值服务商业模式评价研究

针对以能源大数据增值服务为对象的商业模式评价的研究不足,采用熵权-TOPSIS-灰色关联方法,从经济效益、社会效益、环境效益和政策环境、技术环境、法律环境、供需环境7个维度,构建能源大数据增值服务商业模式评价指标体系,得出能源数据政策支持力度、单位服务能力的投资成本、项目投资回收期等9个关键影响因素;进一步通过对电力行...     

考虑风险偏好和属性约简的熵可靠性决策模型

针对属性值为区间数的大量属性决策问题,提出考虑决策者风险偏好和属性约简的熵可靠性决策模型。首先引入风险偏好因子将决策者进行分类,然后提出基于熵可靠性的属性约简方法并提取有效属性,匹配相应的信息熵权重确定方法和排序方法进行方案排序和择优,通过案例分析验证该方法的科学合理性;并通过选取不同的风险偏好因子,对决策对象排序结果进行灵敏度分析。结果表明随着决策者风险偏好程度的增加,决策属性保留个数递减;最后经算法对比表明该算法考虑决策信息的可靠性,减少信息损失且计算简便。     

基于主题模型和专利数据的技术创新评价研究

[目的/意义]专利是企业技术创新活动的重要成果，对专利数据进行分析，有利于客观评价企业技术创新能力。[方法/过程]从计量的角度对企业专利数据进行分析的同时，结合机器学习的方法，通过LDA模型对专利摘要文本进行内容挖掘，构建基于专利文本内容的评价指标，建立由专利数量、专利趋势和专利内容三方面指标组成的技术创新评价体系。[结果/结论]采用熵值法确定各项指标对企业技术创新的影响权重，并通过实验对国内自主品牌制造企业进行技术创新评价，说明了评价方法的现实意义。     

银行系统风险评估方法研究

考虑银行系统风险评估的复杂性，以模糊综合评价法为基本出发点，通过选择几个主观权和若干个客观权得到一个最优组合赋权模型，同时提出了最优组合赋权的模糊综合评价模型。在银行系统风险的评价中，利用该模型既可以考虑政策、经验等主观因素的影响，又可以充分利用客观数据所带来的信息，使评价结果既符合客观实际又符合主观要求，从而达到有效地防范和控制金融风险的目的。     

Artificial evil and the foundation of computer ethics

Moral reasoning traditionally distinguishes two types of evil:moral (ME) and natural (NE). The standard view is that ME is theproduct of human agency and so includes phenomena such as war,torture and psychological cruelty; that NE is the product ofnonhuman agency, and so includes natural disasters such asearthquakes, floods, disease and famine; and finally, that morecomplex cases are appropriately analysed as a combination of MEand NE. Recently, as a result of developments in autonomousagents in cyberspace, a new class of interesting and importantexamples of hybrid evil has come to light. In this paper, it iscalled artificial evil (AE) and a case is made for considering itto complement ME and NE to produce a more adequate taxonomy. Byisolating the features that have led to the appearance of AE,cyberspace is characterised as a self-contained environment thatforms the essential component in any foundation of the emergingfield of Computer Ethics (CE). It is argued that this goes someway towards providing a methodological explanation of whycyberspace is central to so many of CE's concerns; and it isshown how notions of good and evil can be formulated incyberspace. Of considerable interest is how the propensity for anagent's action to be morally good or evil can be determined evenin the absence of biologically sentient participants and thusallows artificial agents not only to perpetrate evil (and forthat matter good) but conversely to `receive' or `suffer from'it. The thesis defended is that the notion of entropy structure,which encapsulates human value judgement concerning cyberspace ina formal mathematical definition, is sufficient to achieve thispurpose and, moreover, that the concept of AE can be determinedformally, by mathematical methods. A consequence of this approachis that the debate on whether CE should be considered unique, andhence developed as a Macroethics, may be viewed, constructively,in an alternative manner. The case is made that whilst CE issuesare not uncontroversially unique, they are sufficiently novel torender inadequate the approach of standard Macroethics such asUtilitarianism and Deontologism and hence to prompt the searchfor a robust ethical theory that can deal with them successfully.The name Information Ethics (IE) is proposed for that theory. Itis argued that the uniqueness of IE is justified by its beingnon-biologically biased and patient-oriented: IE is anEnvironmental Macroethics based on the concept of data entityrather than life. It follows that the novelty of CE issues suchas AE can be appreciated properly because IE provides a newperspective (though not vice versa). In light of the discussionprovided in this paper, it is concluded that Computer Ethics isworthy of independent study because it requires its ownapplication-specific knowledge and is capable of supporting amethodological foundation, Information Ethics.     

基于熵权法的京津冀区域信息化协调发展规律模型及其应用

将熵权法应用于区域信息化协调度与发展度的定量测评,建立协调发展指标体系和综合评价模型、协调发展规律模型,并对2009-2013年京津冀区域经济与信息化的协调发展规律进行实证研究,以其为提高区域信息化的科学决策与管理水平,制定协调发展规划提供合理的参考。     

从系统论视角探析社会优化的原则及途径

人类社会是一个大的有机系统。随着科学技术的突飞猛进和人类对自然界开发及改造的深入,出现了许多全球性问题,社会系统存在着进一步无序化的危险。而实现社会优化是使人类这个大系统减少熵增、更加有序的有效途径。因此,从系统论的角度来探析社会优化的原则和途径十分必要,且意义重大。     

基于熵理论的科技论文翻译方法和评价模型研究

简要介绍了熵理论并就科技论文的特点着重阐述了如何按照熵概念的基本理论指导、寻求最佳翻译策略,提高科技文体的翻译水平,最后根据熵的性质,按照信息量分布的观点建立翻译评价模型。