汽车叠板弹簧静应力、挠度计算方法的探讨

本文通过对汽车叠板弹簧作不同类型的抽象,对静载荷作用下其最大正应力及最大挠度的计算,对比分析。认为叠板弹簧以叠层原理计算较为合理,设计模型为主片板处于直板状态,此时叠板弹簧受力产生的正应力及挠度最大,为危险状态。     

生态管理心理:学生课堂需要的三重视角--兼谈威廉·哥拉瑟"选择理论"的课堂教学意义

从生态学意义上,学生是课堂生态系统中有感主导因子,其课堂需要构成生态链条中不可或缺的一环。从管理学角度看,课堂是师生共建共创的共同体,关注学生课堂需要体现了管理中对人的尊重意蕴以及课堂管理特有的教育价值。依据选择理论的心理学取向,学生课堂需要主要有建立良好课堂生存环境、创设良好课堂人际关系、强调课堂个人差异、并置课堂自由选择与责任以及进行课堂游戏等。     

理性选择理论视角下的身份认同研究

理性选择理论在社会学、公共行政和公共管理等领域产生了丰富的理论成果,其对个人行为选择的分析着重运用系统方法进行研究,以达到解释行为发生原因,预测行为前景的效果.这在个人确立身份并建构身份认同的过程中发挥了重要的指导作用,通过引导个人在差异申确定身份,从语言、文化、记忆等层面完成身份建构,避免个人因在身份认同上与群体的偏离而产生发展的滞后性,在思想上和行动上实现个人的身份认同,彰显人生的价值与意义.     

Reasons of students and apprentices to choose a training company in the dual system

This article sheds light on an understudied aspect of the transition from school to work: the choice of a training company. It presents findings from qualitative interviews with 69 secondary school students and apprentices from the German states of Berlin and Brandenburg, focusing on their reasons to choose a training company in the dual system. What reasons lead students and apprentices to choose a training company? The most common reason is personal impressions, which future apprentices obtain in their initial, personal encounters with a company and its staff. Students and apprentices often consider location, working atmosphere and soundness. Due to this study’s regional scope, its findings may not be fully generalisable on a national or international level. However, its findings may instigate further research in countries where people pursuing certain types of apprenticeship training have to apply to companies (e.g. Great Britain, Switzerland and Australia).     

双向偏压的实用简化计算

将双向偏压构件中的四边形、三角形等多边形砼受压区简化为等效矩形，采用多排配筋且沿截面周边均匀对称配置来简化双向偏压的实用计算。     

Integrating social justice with mathematics and science: An analysis of student teacher lessons

Student teachers have difficulty planning lessons that fully integrate social justice with mathematics/science content. This study was a content analysis of 26 poster presentations of mathematics or science lessons incorporating social justice issues made by student teachers (20F, 6M) at a mid-sized college in central New York State. The presented lessons applied four pedagogical approaches to integration (data collection followed by graphing analysis; discussion of text/video; modeling; library/internet investigation) and addressed three major social justice themes (diversity, system disparities in human communities, and in stewardship of earth). Deeper content knowledge, faculty lesson modeling/reflection and practice delivering lessons are recommended.     

Why are there proportionately more poor pupils enrolled in non-state schools in urban Kenya in spite of FPE policy?

One of the conundrums of free primary education (FPE) policy in several countries in Sub-Saharan Africa is the ‘mushrooming’ of fee-paying private schools. Several researchers have become interested in studying this phenomenon and have raised the question—does free primary education meet the needs of the poor? Emerging voices among this group of researchers suggest that the impact of FPE, particularly in meeting the educational needs of the poor may be over-stated in situations where the poor still utilize what is referred to as ‘private schools for the poor’. The concerns expressed by those voicing this point of view point to the question of why the poor choose fee-paying [low quality] private schools when there is, presumably a free state school? To respond to this question and to contribute to this debate, this paper adopts the excess demand and differentiated demand frameworks to analyse how slum (poor) and non-slum (non-poor) parents utilize education in Nairobi, Kenya following the implementation of free primary education policy in 2003. We conclude that the answer to the ‘mushrooming’ of private schools for the poor is ‘excess demand’. As to whether free primary education meets the needs of the poor, we argue that where supply does not match demand excess demand is likely to arise in the initial stages. We recommend that what is required is greater and possibly differentiated and better targeted investment in education whereby unequals are treated unequally in order for the Kenyan government not to under-invest in the education of the poor.     

平等与差等：师爱的抉择及其伦理依据

在现实生活中,教育时常需要处理“平等之爱”与“差等之爱”之间的冲突。“平等之爱”作为基本人权在今天民主化的生活中为人们所推崇,但在现实生活中它易把人性中丰富多彩的情感置于理性的压制之中;“差等之爱”虽顾及人的私人情谊但存在着侵蚀社会平等和法律公正的危险,并有可能抑制公共精神的发育,尤其在教育中,差等之爱的处理更需慎重。为此,如何有效处理学生差异发展中弱者和优者的最大利益,我们应既吸纳亚里士多德、罗尔斯以及罗纳德·德沃金的方略,也应考虑诺丁斯的建议。     

从移情手法试探“永州八记”的艺术成就

柳宗元是中唐古文运动的领袖,著名的散文家。他的“永州八记”在中国古代散文史上具有极为重要的地位。“永州八记”多角度移情手法的运用,使情与景完美融合,取得了前所未有的艺术成就,从而奠定了柳宗元在中国文学史上的重要地位。     

A mixed-methods analysis of achievement disparities in Guatemalan primary schools

Although most Guatemalan rural students currently have access to primary school, there are large differences in the levels of learning that take place among different populations and in different contexts. This paper uses multiple data and methods to examine the interrelated factors underlying achievement disparities in Guatemalan primary schools. The research suggests that strong levels of disadvantage connected to attending schools in poor rural communities are connected to systematic differences in the way school quality is supported in different contexts. There are inadequate resources, capacity, and authority to monitor and enforce fundamental educational issues, especially in marginal communities.