汉字作为信息媒介的传播学思考

在华夏几千年的文明史中 ,汉字作为文明传承的信息载体 ,不仅传播了语言信息 ,而且传播了汉民族历史文化等诸多信息。从传播学的角度来探索汉字 ,可以发现汉字不仅是信息传播的载体 ,而且蕴含着人性化的内涵 ,蕴藏着当代图像传播的许多生动有趣的特征。深入探讨汉字传播信息的方法、模式、规律、功能 ,将对建立有中国特色的传播学理论提供借鉴     

教授西方人学习汉字的方法探析

汉字教学应针对汉字的特点以及西方人的认知特点展开。要让学生认清拼音文字与汉字是两种不同体系的文字,从汉字具备表音符号的特点出发解决汉字的认读问题,教授汉字具体方法为“笔画入手,以一带多,偏旁拓展,触类旁通”。     

Automatic Alphabet Recognition

The last step of the Information Retrieval process is to display the found documents to the user. However, some difficulties might occur at that point. English texts are usually written in the ASCII standard. Unlike the English language, many languages have different character sets, and do not have one standard. This plurality of standards causes problems, especially in a web environment, where one may download a document with an unknown standard. This paper suggests a purely automatic way of finding the standard which was used by the document writer based on the statistical letters distribution in the language. We developed a vector-space-based method that creates frequencies vectors for each letter of the language and then matches a new document's vectors to the pre-computed templates. The algorithm was applied on various types of corpora in Hebrew, Russian and English, and provides an efficient solution to the stated problem in most cases.     

Four pitfalls in normalizing citation indicators: An investigation of ESI’s selection of highly cited papers

InCites Essential Science Indicators is becoming increasingly used to identify top-performing research and evaluate the impact of institutes. Unfortunately, our study shows that ESI indicators, as well as other normalized citation indicators, have the following flaws. First, the publication month and the online-to-print delay affect a paper’s probability of becoming a Highly Cited Paper (HCP). Papers published in the earlier months of the year are more likely to accumulate enough citation counts to rank at the top 1% compared with those published in later months of the year. Papers with longer online-to-print delays have an apparent advantage for being selected as HCPs. Research field normalizations lead to the third pitfall. Different research fields have different citation thresholds for HCPs, making research field classification important for a journal. In addition, the uniform thresholds for both articles and reviews in ESI affect the reliability of HCP selection because, on average, reviews tend to have higher citation rates than articles. ESI’s selection of HCPs provides an intuitive feel for the problems of normalized citation impact indicators, such as those provided in InCites and SciVal.     

略论沈、汤的戏曲创作理论及其影响

在沈、汤论争中,沈碌力倡“音律说”、“本色论”,这对扭转明中期以来的不良创作风气起了一定的作用。同时也表现出明后期戏曲创作对音乐美、形式美追求的时代特色。但沈臻的理论忽视了作品的思想内容,客观上对明后期吴江派的戏曲创作及作品品评产生了不良的影响。汤显祖提出“文以意趣神色为主”,强调了作品的“曲意”、“意趣”,重视作品的思想内容,重视作品的机趣、神似、真色等问题,对明后期临川派作家的创作起了积极的推动作用。     

体育信息产业的现状与对策研究

通过对实际数据和文献资料的调查和分析,归纳了体育信息产业的现状和基本特征,并从体育信息产业的真正内涵出发,阐述了影响体育信息产业发展的诸多因素。体育信息资源作为网络资源的重要内容已经广泛的应用于体育领域。2008年奥运会为我国体育信息产业化高速发展带来了机遇,因此了解体育信息产业化发展现状,寻找体育信息网络建设存在的差距,提出体育信息产业化发展的相应对策就显得尤其重要。     

《集韵》疑难字考辨

《集韵》是一部官修的重要辞书,在辞书史上具有重要地位。由于该书收字务从该广,书中收录了大量形音义有问题的字。本文在对传世字书进行梳理的基础上,利用文字学、训诂学、音韵学、校勘学及辞书学知识,依据汉字形体演变规律,结合文献用字,采取形、音、义三者互相求的方法,对《集韵》中的15个疑难字进行了考辨。     

试论南北朝小诗

南北朝文人创作的五、七言四句小诗渊源流长 ,作家众多 ,内容广泛 ,表现手法多样 ,取得了较高的艺术成就。本文着重探讨了小诗的形成、发展以及小诗的创作队伍、题材内容和艺术特色等。南北朝小诗的不断完善、成熟 ,为唐绝句做了必要的准备     

汉字形旁类化研究

形音性质的汉字，在使用状态下，受上下文字形、字义的影响，出现大量的形旁类化字，对汉字系统的变化、汉字与它记录的词语的对应关系、汉字的写词显义功能等方面都产生了较大的影响。形旁类化字与假借字、区别字形式相同，而实质不同。讨论汉字形旁类化问题是汉字发展史研究的一项重要任务。     

部首“冫”的解析

“冫”是一个部首,现在的“冫”表示着各种不同的意义,有十种情况。“冫”是“冰”,以“冰”为形符的字都和“冰冻、寒冷”有关;“冫”是“冰”,但是“冰”是作声符;“冫”不是“两点水”,而是“二”;“冫”是“氵(水)”的省略,成为真正的“两点水”;由于引申的原因,“三点水”演变成了“两点冰”;因为字义是“减少”,所以将“三点水”减成“两点水”;字义和“冰”相似,而因此以“冫”为形符;因为“避讳”,“三点水”不得不变成“两点水”;因为避祸,把“氵”改成“冫”;因为汉字简化而被归入“冫”部。