Rethinking participation in the Aarhus as European Capital of Culture 2017 project

This paper examines the relationship between cultural participation and regional development with reference to the European Capital of Culture in 2017. From the bidding stage, Aarhus 2017 claimed it put “participation” at the heart of its strategic plans, through consultation at roadshows and exhibitions. In addition, it aspired to use culture as a catalyst for development not only in the city of Aarhus but across the region of Central Denmark. This paper, therefore, examines how participation is defined and implemented to address regional development in the Aarhus 2017 process through textual analysis of documentation from Aarhus 2017 and delivery partners as well as over 20 interviews with managers and participants involved in a range of 2017 projects. The paper argues against the common prioritisation of urban and professional cultural institutions and makes the case for decentralised cultural provision that supports both amateurs and professionals through a regional networked structure.     

Designing policy: collaborative policy development within the context of the European capital of culture bid process

ABSTRACT

How do ideas become policies? What route do they take from inception to implementation and what criteria are used to evaluate one set of proposals against another? This paper examines the development of the Creative Work Fellowship policy proposal in Limerick, tracing the origins of the idea, itself a contended and negotiated object, from discussions between academics and policy-makers through to scoping, pitching and scaling the policy to its eventual users. This policy idea was designed during the Intelligence Unit (IU) commissioned by Limerick2020 as part of the city’s bid to become European Capital of Culture in 2020. The IU took the form of a policy think-tank, tasked with generating insights, ideas and policy proposals into the place of culture within Limerick city and region. The IU structure created a set of actors and an epistemic community capable of both generating and using ideas effectively, chiefly through two mechanisms. The first involved a robust critique and rebuilding process that every element of the policy was exposed to; the second involved feedback from interested parties at specific stages in the process. This created a series of “policy entrepreneurs” capable of taking a fully costed and modelled policy suggestion to government. The findings presented in the paper include an analysis of the collaborative nature of this policy development process, Based on this framework, we also consider the role of the European City of Culture bid process as catalyst for policy development in a regional context, and present findings on this subject.     

欧洲足球五大联赛市场治理的经验及对中国的借鉴

本文应用文献资料法、数据分析法,以欧洲足球五大联赛2017/18赛季经营状况为载体,从职业足球俱乐部内部经营和市场环境两方面讨论和研究治理做法和经验,从而指出五大联赛市场平稳有序和职业足球俱乐部可持续发展的经验。从我国足球国情出发,结合五大联赛市场治理经验,探索中超联赛市场治理创新,研究认为：创新治理主体结构,形成“三位一体”的治理格局,明确中超治理主体责任;创新职业足球市场治理体制,提高中超市场自治能力和水平;创新职业俱乐部内部治理体系,创造职业足球俱乐部健康可持续发展生态;创新治理价值体系,打造足球产业经营全产业链,创造中超市场盈利模式。     

欧洲学分转换系统的发展及其启示

回顾了欧洲学分转换系统的发展,并分析了这一系统存在的问题和矛盾.研究认为学分互换得到各国普遍认同和重视,但学分互换还在探索中前进,尚未形成定式,高校学分互换的推行需要有一强有力机制推动.     

全球化背景下的欧盟高等教育国际化政策研究

本文介绍了全球化背景下欧盟高等教育国际化政策的产生背景和具体内容,分析了20世纪90年代以来欧盟高等教育国际化政策的特点、新发展及其对欧盟高等教育的影响。     

欧美医学图书馆资源建设的发展及其对我国的启示

本文通过追踪研究欧洲及美国大学医学图书馆科技文献的资源建设10年来的发展,以资对我国医学图书馆的建设有所借鉴,并结合我国大学医学图书馆的建设发展和应用实际,提出和探讨了对我国医学图书馆资源建设和发展的参考性建议。     

欧洲发达城市举办国际体育赛事的实践对上海的启示

运用城市营销理论，通过实地考察和资料分析，总结、归纳欧洲发达城市举办国际体育赛事的现状特征。认为，对照国际经验，以及建设一流体育中心城市目标，上海在举办重大赛事方面，如体育赛事规模与等级、市场运作等还存在差距。为了使定期举办国际体育大赛成为上海市经济发展、体育产业的重要组成部分，建议在2020年前，上海应举办一次，乃至若干次国际最高等级体育赛事。     

Microanalytical identification of Pb-Sb-Sn yellow pigment in historical European paintings and its differentiation from lead tin and Naples yellows

The work is focused on identification of lead tin yellow types I and II, Naples yellow, and also on discrimination of a less common, distinct yellow pigment, the ternary Pb-Sb-Sn oxide.The knowledge about all those Pb-based yellows was in fact forgotten after introduction of modern synthetic yellows in 19th century. As late as in the last decade of the 20th century, the existence of Pb-Sb-Sn yellow and its production have been rediscovered, and only then it has been identified in colour layer of artworks.Pb-Sb-Sn yellow has recently been identified in colour layer of 17th century Italian paintings by Sandalinas and Ruiz-Moreno [C. Sandalinas, S. Ruiz-Moreno, Lead tin-antimony yellow, historical manufacture, molecular characterization and identification in seventeenth-century Italian paintings, Stud. Conserv. 49 (2003) 41–52], and here we report the finding of this pigment in Mid-European painting of the 18th and 19th centuries. Lead tin yellows, lead antimony yellow (Naples yellow), and lead antimony tin yellow were synthesized in laboratory following historical recipes, their colour was analyzed, and their structure was confirmed to provide a basis for their routine identification in microsamples of artworks by X-ray microdiffraction. Unequivocal identification of Pb-based yellows could help in authentication of traditional European paintings, because their use was temporally and also geographically specific. Combination of elemental microanalysis (X-ray fluorescence electron microanalysis) and X-ray powder microdiffraction were found very efficient in the microanalysis of colour layers of artworks with Pb-based yellows and their unequivocal identification.     

中西戏剧成因比较论

中国戏剧和以古希腊为代表的西方戏剧在形成过程中有着鲜明的差异和特征。从艺术演化史角度看,中国戏剧没有开从原始歌舞演化为戏剧的路子,而古希腊戏剧却从酒神祭祀的原始歌舞中破腹而出。从文艺生态学角度看,中国古代文学缺乏叙事文学基质,延宕了戏剧艺术的孕育;而肥沃丰厚的叙事文学土壤,却滋养了古希腊戏剧奇葩。中国的非宗教文化传统,难使巫觋歌舞最终戏剧化;古希腊人的宗教激情却使娱神歌舞演进为娱人戏剧。王化政治、农业社会,抑制了中国戏剧早发;民主政治、商业文化却催生了古希腊戏剧。     

第四十三届世乒赛中国及欧洲优秀男双选手技术分析

运用乒乓球比赛中分段指标评估法，对第四十三届世乒赛中国及欧洲优秀男双选手的技战术运用情况进行分析，认为发抢段和接发抢段技术仍是男双取胜的主要因素：１）通过发球、发抢、接发抢得分；２）通过前三板为相持的主动创造更多机会；在发抢段、接发抢段和相持段中合理地运用了“变化”。