艺术风格在服装中的表现

影响服装发展变化的因素很多,有政治的、经济的、环境的和文化艺术等各方面的因素,而文化艺术领域的影响是不可忽视的。在历史服装发展风格的流派中,每个历史阶段大都是以绘画艺术、建筑艺术和装饰艺术以及哲学艺术等艺术风格进行命名的。服饰艺术的生命与各流派艺术有着不可分割的联系。     

欧盟公民数字胜任力研究——基于三版欧盟公民数字胜任力框架的比较分析

数字科技的爆发式发展对公民的能力素养产生了革命性影响。欧盟在2006年提出数字胜任力的基础上,于2013年制定了欧盟公民数字胜任力框架1.0,在经过连续两次修订后,于2017年正式发布了欧盟公民数字胜任力框架2.1。与旧版相比,新版框架对胜任力域进行了拓展,修订了具体能力的名称,不再从知识、技能和态度方面描述具体能力,能力熟练度也划分成更详细的8个水平。新版框架体现了欧盟数字公民教育的理念转变,对复杂问题解决与创新创造能力培养的重视,对终身学习能力和合格数字公民培养的关注,以及对未来智能社会发展需求的前瞻,对我国建设学习型社会、构建全民终身学习体系和提升国民数字胜任力具有借鉴意义。     

欧洲人的休闲体育状况及其与中国休闲理念的差异——德国科隆体育大学Jürgen Mittag教授学术访谈录

通过对德国科隆体育大学Jürgen Mittag教授的访谈,以欧洲和德国休闲体育发展问题为现实关照,结合欧洲的历史文化和社会背景,对欧洲人独特的休闲理念,休闲方式,俱乐部体制和休闲体育学术研究、发展趋势进行探讨。欧洲人理念上重视休闲体育、强调参与自愿与平等、完善公共休闲设施建设、发扬休闲文化传统和发挥俱乐部作用,值得我国借鉴。访谈还围绕着欧洲和中国休闲体育比较、德国足球崛起、中国足球改革等进行了探讨。     

What makes or breaks competitive research proposals? A mixed-methods analysis of research grant evaluation reports

The evaluation of grant proposals is an essential aspect of competitive research funding. Funding bodies and agencies rely in many instances on external peer reviewers for grant assessment. Most of the research available is about quantitative aspects of this assessment, and there is little evidence from qualitative studies. We used a combination of machine learning and qualitative analysis methods to analyse the reviewers' comments in evaluation reports from 3667 grant applications to the Initial Training Networks (ITN) of the Marie Curie Actions under the Seventh Framework Programme (FP7). Our results show that the reviewers' comments for each evaluation criterion were aligned with the Action's prespecified criteria and that the evaluation outcome was more influenced by the proposals’ weaknesses than by their strengths.     

A systematic literature review of K-12 environmental Citizen Science (CS) initiatives: Unveiling the CS pedagogical and participatory aspects contributing to students’ environmental citizenship

Environmental Citizen Science (CS) initiatives have been largely embraced in K-12 education, as they are often hypothesized to improve students' knowledge, skills, attitudes, and behaviours to act as “environmental citizens” according to the notion of Environmental Citizenship (EC). However, the potential of environmental CS initiatives to promote Education for Environmental Citizenship (EEC) has not been systematically explored. At the same time, environmental CS initiatives for educational purposes are highly heterogenous and learning is enacted in diverse ways, according to the participatory and the pedagogical components underpinning each initiative. To address the complexity of the field, this review study adopts the PRISMA methodology to synthesize thirty-four empirical studies (n = 34) retrieved from a systematic review of the literature covering the last two decades (2000–2020). The reviewed environmental CS initiatives were subjected to a content analysis to identify their impact on students' EC (e.g., EC competences, actions, outcomes), as well as to unveil the CS initiatives' constitutional components in terms of (a) Participation (e.g., types of students' contributions, level of data collection, frequency of students' participation, modes of student engagement, forms of students’ involvement), and (b) Pedagogy (e.g., learning goals, educational contexts, learning mechanisms, EEC pedagogy). Our analysis shed light to the three territories (Participation, Pedagogy, Environmental Citizenship) underpinning the reviewed CS initiatives as well as to their interrelations. We reflect on these findings, and we provide directions for future research to guide the development of more successful environmental CS initiatives in K-12 education, serving as a vehicle for EC.     

Learning (abroad) mobility in the European Union: A comparison of youth in and out of higher education

In the European Union (EU) context, learning abroad mobility (LAM) also includes non-formal learning activities. Young people can participate in LAM whether they are in tertiary education or not. Nevertheless, studies focusing on the participation of out-of-higher-education (Out-HE) youth in LAM are often scarce. The current study aims to explore the role of several sociodemographic factors in participation in LAM among Out-HE youth, based on the analysis of a large-scale survey conducted across EU member countries. Findings show that Out-HE youth is less likely to participate in LAM than the youth in higher education as expected. However, some socioeconomic factors, such as gender and age, play different roles among Out-HE youth and the youth in higher education in old (EU15) and new member countries (NMS) of the EU.     

欧盟电池领域科技战略和科技计划及启示

欧盟认为高性能电池是其能源转型、实现脱碳目标和提升欧洲竞争力的关键技术。近年来,欧盟委员会推出了一系列推动电池技术发展的科技政策和科技计划。本文介绍了欧盟委员会在“建立电池领域组织协调机构和技术创新平台”、“制定电池发展战略和路线图”、制定《电池法规》以及“部署电池领域科技计划专项和项目”等方面的做法,分析了欧盟在电池技术领域的举措将带来新的竞争格局,提出对我国电池产业发展的启示和建议。     

“欧盟半导体危机”的成因、对策与启示——围绕《欧洲芯片法案》的解读

欧盟是全球半导体行业的策源地之一,但因其半导体价值链存在结构性缺陷,自2021年以来遭遇芯片短缺和“断供”危机。欧盟拟定的《欧洲芯片法案》,提出了半导体生态建设路径、危机干预规制措施,勾勒了“有欧盟特色的芯片事业举国体制”蓝图,对我国在半导体芯片领域高强度投资和供应链建设过程中,如何把握政府与市场、补贴与竞争、重点打造与普惠支持之间的关系,具有思辨意义和参考价值。     

欧洲专利局专利法律状态数据深加工关键问题研究

不同数据库法律事件代码的多来源和不一致性给专利法律事件的分类和数据深加工带来较大阻碍，目前尚未形成层次化、系统化的分类体系架构。对此，以欧洲专利局（EPO）提供的全球专利法律状态XML数据为研究对象，详细介绍数据覆盖范围以及不同类型交换数据的数据格式；基于对PatSnap、INNOGRAPHY、incoPat、SooPAT、万象云和佰腾网等国内外知名专利检索分析平台中的专利法律状态对比，把EPO专利法律状态归纳为在审、授权、有效、失效、技术转移和其他六大类，并根据各类别在专利生命周期中出现的位置，对专利当前法律状态的有效性划分为在审、有效和失效3种状态，同时将4 000多个EPO法律事件代码中的转让代码和专利许可代码进行详细分类标引，针对专利法律状态分类体系构建、专利当前有效性判定、专利技术转移分类等关键问题，对EPO专利数据进行结构化解析和深加工，从而构建EPO专利法律状态数据库物理模型，为提高专利检索和分析工作的质量及效率提供支撑。