高等教育政策的控制结构及其演变 ——基于政策文本的实证分析

教育政策是对教育领域中价值的权威控制。规制、分配和倡导是三种基本的政策控制方式。作者对1979-1998年我国高等教育政策文本中的控制方式进行了系统分析,并就相关研究假设对政策制定者与执行者进行了验证性访谈。研究认为：以规制为主导的控制结构受政府换届的影响小,具有相对稳定性;三种控制方式之间互为制约,相辅相成;随着政府职能的转变,政策中的分配方式逐渐增加,整个控制结构的发展,表现为在某些领域出现控制的弱化,而另一些领域出现维持强控制或强化控制的趋势。规制与分配在管理体制政策领域的相对集中,反映了高等教育管     

域环境组策略下派发软件安装

中型以上规模的计算机网络,通常不采用对等式工作模式,而会采用C/S工作模式,并应用B/S模式来组建网络应用系统。企业网络采用域的组织结构,可以使得局域网的管理工作变得更集中、更容易、更方便。对域环境组策略下实现软件派发安装之方法、步骤进行了论述。     

基于改进阈值函数小波语音增强方法的研究

提出了一种基于小波阈值去噪的语音增强算法。根据含噪语音中噪声、清音和浊音的不同特点,首先对它们进行检测区分,然后采用改进的Garrote阈值函数分别对噪声、清音和浊音运用不同的阈值方案进行处理。该方法在很大程度上抑制了噪声,又减少了语音段清音的损失,提高了信噪比,在MATLAB7.1中的仿真实验结果表明,该方法具有较好的增强效果。     

深化教育考试文化建设的认识与实践

考试文化具有考试精神文化和考试物质文化两种形态,其内部结构由考试观念文化、制度文化和物态文化三个层次构成。当代中国教育考试文化要强化体现国家意志、维护教育公平、立足育人为本、倡导改革创新四方面的价值取向。加强先进教育考试文化建设,不论是对考生、学校、社会,还是对教育考试的改革与创新都具有十分重要的意义。北京教育考试院在考试院软文化建设上进行一些有益探索与实践。     

On Conversion of Parts of Speech in Translation

Conversion of parts of speech, one of the frequently adopted translation techniques, means the change of parts of speech. The thesis gives a simple account of conversion of parts of speech in English-Chinese translation by comparisons of the characteristics of the two languages, which can improve the quality of translation.     

信息素养领域演进路径、研究热点与前沿的可视化分析

为梳理30年来信息素养领域研究的演进路径,揭示研究热点与研究前沿。将1983—2009年SCI,SSCI,CPCI-S,CPCI-SSH数据库中收录的主题为"信息素养"的全部论文数据作为研究对象,应用CiteSpace知识可视化软件绘制文献共被引网络图谱,析出信息素养演进过程中的关键节点文献;并应用关键词聚类和膨胀词探测功能分析了研究热点与研究前沿。发现6篇关键节点文献很好地展示了信息素养领域研究的演进路径,2个明显的聚类以及5个突现词表征了研究热点与研究前沿。因此得出结论:因特网信息素养和健康素养是目前信息素养的两个主流研究领域,定性研究与定量研究相结合是该领域的学科研究范式。老年人、公共卫生、循证决策和乳腺癌等对象或领域是信息素养的研究前沿与发展趋势。     

“主体”概念的演进历程——从阿那克萨戈拉到齐泽克

哲学乃时代精神的精华,而主体则是这种精华的浓缩与展现,因此,系统探究主体概念的演进历程对于深入了解和把握哲学主题的历史变迁与时代关照将大有裨益。主体是人类自我意识觉醒与形成的重要标志,是有别于"他者"的角色确认和符号身份。长期以来,主体的概念几经嬗变,从萌芽、雏形到确立、再经其合法性的危机到遭致批判、解构与重建,主体演变的曲折历程充分印证了哲学始终是一项关照现实的神圣而艰辛的事业。     

Domesticated Animals on Exhibit at the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 1900–1928

In 1905 the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard University began planning for a new domesticated animals exhibition in honor of the 100th anniversary of the birth of its founder Louis Agassiz. The resulting displays of variation and heredity in poultry, pigeons, rabbits, mice, and guinea pigs proved surprisingly popular to museumgoers. Some of these specimens still exist in the museum’s storage facilities, namely a series of poultry donated by the biologist Charles B. Davenport and an elaborate set of guinea pigs from the experimental evolutionist William E. Castle. Situating these domesticated animal displays within academic and popular cultures of poultry fancying, animal breeding, and evolutionary science reveals how a nineteenth-century museum known for its ties to anti-evolutionary principles attempted to modernize its public exhibits.     

The Program for Cooperative Cataloging’s Transformative Role as a Leader of Change

Abstract

The transformation of library metadata encoded in MARC to linked data will enable libraries to participate in the Semantic Web. This transformation, however, will be an iterative development dependent upon community-based decisions. The PCC, as a community-based organization, is ideally positioned to lead this transformation. As PCC guides this transition, three broad areas must be resolved: the conversion of legacy data to linked data, the use of identifiers to support controlled headings, and the transformation of current workflows to linked-data counterparts. By embracing the Web as a community, PCC can confirm its relevance in a complex web of global data.     

The kid's speech: The effect of stuttering on human capital acquisition

A number of studies have shown that childhood speech disorders such as stuttering are associated with lower test scores and educational attainment. However, it is unclear whether these associations are causal in nature or whether they can be explained by difficult-to-measure heterogeneity at the community, family, or individual level. Using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health and ordinary least squares, we show that stuttering is negatively associated with high school grades, the probability of high school graduation, and the probability of college attendance. However, empirical specifications with family fixed effects or controls for learning disabilities such as Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder suggest that these associations can, in large part, be explained by difficult-to-measure heterogeneity.