Experimental methods in innovation research

This paper discusses the possible applications of different types of experiment methods in innovation research. The paper argues that the experiment as a research method has been a largely missed opportunity in innovation research, in particular for creating applicable knowledge for businesses and organisations in the shape of new innovation tools and methods. The paper applies an analytically based limitation of the experiment method which includes an array of both quantitative and qualitative approaches. The use of experiments for such purposes is illustrated through a comparative study of four experiments concerning open innovation in service businesses and organisations. The case studies show how different experiment methods provide new opportunities for innovation research and how they can create new and applicable knowledge about open innovation. Thus the paper argues for applying experiments as an addition to other research methods in innovation research.     

食品生产技术实验课教学改革的探讨

根据高职教育的特点,结合教学实践,探讨了目前实验教学中的不足;针对实验教学中更新教学内容及教学方法进行了探讨;通过改革突出了学生的主体地位,确保实验教学质量的提高。     

Are we facing a “causality crisis” in acculturation research? The need for a methodological (r)evolution

Acculturation is an inherently causal phenomenon that deals with changes and processes initiated by intercultural contact. However, although more than 13,000 scientific articles to date have been published on a topic related to acculturation, only a small fraction uses data that allow for causal inferences. As a result, our field can be seen as facing a “crisis of causality,” where central theories and models that assume causality between constructs still lack robust empirical support. To address this gap, I provide recommendations for the next generation of acculturation research, emphasizing primarily the need for experimental and longitudinal studies.     

大学物理实验中设计性实验教学探索

结合毕节学院物理实验教学中心为完善大学物理实验教学课程与内容新体系,在大学物理实验课程中开展设计性实验教学的情况,探讨新建地方本科院校开设设计性物理实验的教学模式.     

改革物理实验教学培养学生动手能力

本文探索了改革物理实验的教学方式和内容。在课堂内 ,每个学生都要独立完成实验 ,实验室每一周都有几天开放。同时 ,让高年级学生辅导低年级学生的实验 ,实验内容包括基础实验 ,必做实验 ,综合性设计实验如小制作、整机装配与调试、仪器维修等     

演示实验在光学课程现代化改革中的应用探索

分析了光学课程特点和传统光学演示实验存在的问题,提出依据具体的教学内容,利用生活中常见的便携式现代光学元器件和多媒体辅助教学手段,构建简单便携的光学教学演示实验平台,形象展示典型光学规律的光学课程现代化改革思路,并对该演示实验平台在光学课堂教学中的初步应用进行了举例说明。     

The Use of Thought Experiments in Teaching Physics to Upper Secondary-Level Students: Two examples from the theory of relativity

The present study focuses on the way thought experiments (TEs) can be used as didactical tools in teaching physics to upper secondary-level students. A qualitative study was designed to investigate to what extent the TEs called ‘Einstein's elevator’ and ‘Einstein's train’ can function as tools in teaching basic concepts of the theory of relativity to upper secondary-level students. The above TEs were used in the form they are presented by Einstein himself and by Landau and Rumer in books that popularize theories of physics. The research sample consisted of 40 Greek students, divided into 11 groups of three to four students each. The findings of this study reveal that the use of TEs in teaching the theory of relativity can help students realize situations which refer to a world beyond their everyday experience and develop syllogisms according to the theory. In this way, students can grasp physics laws and principles which demand a high degree of abstract thinking, such as the principle of equivalence and the consequences of the constancy of the speed of light to concepts of time and space.     

虚拟实验的设计与实现

虚拟实验是网络课程的重要组成部分,也是开发与设计的难点。本文在分析虚拟实验的特点、使用现状及虚拟实验系统构成的基础上,提出了利用仿真软件设计开发综合性、设计性虚拟实验的方案。采用该方案,具有灵活性、鲁棒性、动态匹配性好、共享方便等特点,便于实验的灵活变更与快速实施。以数字电路课程为例,给出了设计中的关键技术和相关实现结果。     

基于云课堂的大学物理实验教学模式设计

云课堂是一种基于计算机技术的高效、便捷的课堂教学形式。本文介绍了云课堂的概念和背景,并将云课堂教学应用到大学物理实验课程当中。实践证明,大学物理云课堂教学可以有效提高课程教学效果,满足人才培养的需要。     

Stress and emotions during experiments in biology classes: Does the work setting matter?

Experiments are a complex teaching method carrying a high cognitive load and the risk of failure, which both may induce stress among students. However, it remains unclear if the work setting modulates physiological, subjective, and/or emotional stress responses during experiments. In a randomized experimental field study school students (N = 104) either watched a biology experiment on video (passive condition), conducted the experiment on their own (active condition) or in small groups (interactive condition). Meanwhile, their subjective stress perception, heart rate variability (HRV), salivary cortisol concentration, and achievement emotions were assessed. In the active condition we observed the strongest subjective and HRV stress responses, followed by the interactive condition. Students of the passive condition displayed the weakest stress reactions. Students of the other two conditions showed a weakened diurnal cortisol decrease, indicating more stress. Across conditions, enjoyment dropped and boredom increased, most pronounced in the passive condition. Moreover, there were some associations between subjective, emotional and physiological stress responses. The findings suggest that conducting experiments alone carries the risk of self-attributed failure signified by elevated stress. In contrast, conducting an experiment in a group is less stressful, as others may constitute a source of support. Watching others conduct an experiment carries a low risk of failure and, thus, the lowest stress responses, but comes with the cost of minimized enjoyment and maximized boredom.