影响教育虚拟社区中学习动机激发因素的实证分析

教育虚拟社区中的学习动机是学习者通过自我调节,使自身的内在要求与学习行为的外在诱因相协调,引起和维持学习者在教育虚拟社区中的学习活动,并激励、指引学习者的行为朝向一定学习目标的内部心理状态。在基于课程＂学习科学与技术＂的教育虚拟社区学习实践的基础上,实证分析了教育虚拟社区中学习动机激发的影响因素,通过描述性统计、回归分析、因子分析和聚类分析发现：教师因素、学习者因素、环境因素和文化因素是影响学习者在教育虚拟社区中学习动机激发的四大要素,学习者在教育虚拟社区中学习动机的激发有赖于以上各因素协同作用的发挥,由此提出了影响教育虚拟社区学习动机激发因素的分析模型。     

基于信息流视角的教师指导与协作学习效果分析

提升协作学习效果是研究者和实践者追求的目标。高质量的协作学习需要有效的教师指导。教师指导的哪些特征会影响协作学习效果呢？从信息流视角,把协作学习抽象为复杂的信息系统来研究教师输出的信息流与协作学习效果的关系,有助于克服已有研究存在的问题。对30个小组协作学习信息流进行分类和建模发现,能够直接对协作学习效果产生促进作用的教师指导包括知识语义、积极情感、答案、管理类信息,其中知识语义类信息的促进作用最显著,策略和案例类信息通过知识语义类信息间接影响协作学习效果,管理类信息不仅能够直接影响协作学习效果,同时还可以通过作用于答案类信息而间接影响协作学习效果。个案研究还发现,协作学习效果较好的小组中,教师输出的元认知类信息多于认知类信息,教师主要通过计划策略指导学生有效完成协作学习任务。     

全纳教育理念下有效同伴支持的构建策略

目前全纳教育逐渐成为特殊教育界的基本理念,中国实行全纳教育的模式是随班就读,如何让特殊学生得到更多有效的支持,是开展随班就读工作必须考虑的重要问题。应在全纳教育的环境下,遵循适合特殊儿童的特殊需要、特殊儿童和普通儿童共同进步的原则,选择自愿、尊重和理解特殊儿童的同伴支持者,经过严格的培训,使其担当支持特殊儿童的学习、行为习惯、心理疏导等方面的任务,使双方获得共同的提高与进步。     

Teaching Lean Six Sigma within A Supply Chain Context: The Airplane Supply Chain Simulation

Lean six sigma is a management methodology that firms can employ to achieve substantial improvement in supply chain performance. However, few pedagogical exercises facilitate students’ use of a comprehensive set of lean six sigma principles within a supply chain context. We describe the Airplane Supply Chain Simulation that helps students understand how lean six sigma concepts may be leveraged to improve supply chain performance. The basis of this simulation is a four‐tier supply chain, consisting of suppliers (two tiers), a manufacturer, and a customer, that produces three models of paper airplanes to meet randomly distributed customer demand. In the first of three successive runs, a highly structured simulation is executed in which supply chain roles are well defined, material flows are convoluted, and a “push” production strategy is followed. The first simulation as the “current state” and, for the second and third simulation runs, challenge competing student teams to leverage lean six sigma concepts to develop a “future state” that enables the fulfillment of all customer orders at the lowest cost. Results based on statistical analyses of survey response data from 194 MBA students show that the Airplane Supply Chain Simulation is an effective participative, team‐based learning tool.     

试论自我导向学习与学习型组织

随着终身学习思潮的深入人心,作为成人主要学习方式的自我导向学习,以及现代化组织方式的学习型组织开始越来越受到重视。然而对于这两者之间的联系却少有学者问津,此文尝试着将自我导向学习与学习型组织联系起来,从已有的文献中试图探寻二者的关系。     

基于大数据的科技创新成果精准转化模式研究

通过研究科技成果转化的模式和现状,分析基于大数据的科技创新成果转化平台的结构、要素、特征,研究提出通过科技创新成果精准转化模式来提高高校和科研院所科技创新成果的转化效率。     

发现学习与接受学习的比较

发现学习和接受学习是当前世界教育两种都有很大影响,但观战相左的学习类型,这两类学习的性质、思维过程、适用对象有所不同,对智力发展和认知能量的增长所起作用也不完全相同,教师应根据教学实际指导学生灵活运用。     

《现代教育技术》公共课“混合整合式”教学模式探索

在探讨《现代教育技术》公共课教学现状的基础上,把混合学习应用于课程教学,整合传统课堂教学、网络教学和课内外实践教学三个平台及各种教学资源成为一个有机的整体,尝试提出了"混合整合式"教学模式,并进行了多年的教学实践探索,该模式对《现代教育技术》课程教学具有一定的理论与实践意义。     

Academic users’ interactions with ScienceDirect in search tasks: Affective and cognitive behaviors

This article presents part of phase 2 of a research project funded by the NSF-National Science Digital Library Project, which observed how academic users interact with the ScienceDirect information retrieval system for simulated class-related assignments. The ultimate goal of the project is twofold: (1) to find ways to improve science and engineering students’ use of science e-journal systems; (2) to develop methods to measure user interaction behaviors. Process-tracing technique recorded participants’ processes and interaction behaviors that are measurable; think-aloud protocol captured participants’ affective and cognitive verbalizations; pre- and post-search questionnaires solicited demographic information, prior experience with the system, and comments. We explored possible relationships between affective feelings and cognitive behaviors. During search interactions both feelings and thoughts occurred frequently. Positive feelings were more common and were associated more often with thoughts about results. Negative feelings were associated more often with thoughts related to the system, search strategy, and task. Learning styles are also examined as a factor influencing behavior. Engineering graduate students with an assimilating learning style searched longer and paused less than those with a converging learning style. Further exploration of learning styles is suggested.     

How medical practice evolves: Learning to treat failing hearts with an implantable device

In this article we propose that medical practice evolves as a result of progress along three different pathways: improvement in the ability to develop effective medical technologies, learning in medical practice, and advances in biomedical scientific understanding of disease. The relative importance of these three pathways varies from case to case, and often they interact strongly. More specifically, we argue here that in cases of therapeutic innovation where a new medical technology is involved the advance in medical practice is driven largely by the ability to develop and use effective medical artifacts and the interactive sequence among these interdependent pathways often starts with what is learned in practice and not in science. While we state this argument in general, we develop it in detail in a longitudinal and contextual case study of the emergence and evolution of a treatment for advanced heart failure based on an implantable device, the Left Ventricular Assist Device (LVAD). Our findings show that an essential aspect of the evolution of the LVAD therapy is collective and cumulative learning that requires experience that only can be gained through the actual use of LVADs. We discuss the theoretical and policy implications that follow from our understanding of how medical practice evolves for research on the evolution of medical practices and new medical technologies, and policies about the evaluation of rapidly moving medical practices and clinical research involved in their advancement.